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GAR situation, we can by no mentis ap- prove of extravagantly cutting and dissecting the parts, as soon as they appear gangrenous; but, where the affection extends very deep, it will be beneficial to scarify the diseas- ed spots, and to remove part of the putrid muscular fibre. Various external applications have been recommended, as auxi- liary means of curing a gangrene j but the following deserve particu- lar notice : Dr. Hahxeman has, with singular success, employed a strong decoction of oak-bark, name- lv, six ounces of it, in coarse pow- der, boiled in a quart of water till it is reduced to one pint : four or six double rags are clipped in it, and applied in a cold state to the diseased part, every half hour, but ♦he compress must every time be. made of clean rags. — Others have, with equally good effect., resorted to gentle stimulants, generally con- sisting or a weak solution made of one dram of sal-ammoniac in two ounces of vinegar, and six of water : the degree of stimulus may be increased, or diminished, by varying the proportions of the salt. Lastly, when a separation of the mortified part, and a discharge of the corrupt matter, have been effected, either by the use of ex- ternal or internal remedies, the re- maining .sore is to be treated as a simple purulent ulcer, and may be I;; aled in the same manner. ' kDKX, a piece of ground, at, > oltivated, and ornament- ed with a variety of plants, fruits, and flowers. Gardens are generally divided into three classes: l.Tbeflower- garden j which, being designed both for pleasure and ornament, ought to be in die most cunspiui- G A R ous situation. 2. The fruit-gar- den, or orchard ; and, 3. The kit- chen-garden, which being calcu- lated for Utility, should be. planned in more distant situations. The two latter, however, arc at present usually combined, as they equally require good soil and exposure. The principal circumstances that merit attention in the laying but of gardens, are, situation, soil, water, and prospect ; the most eligible of which Me shall briefly state, re- ferring the reader to the article Kitchen-garden, for a more particular account of the manage- ment of such ground as is designed for the supply of culinary vegeta- bles ; and to that of Orchard, for the treatment of fruit-garden-. 1 . The situation ought to be nei- ther too elevated, nor too low : for if a garden be too high, it will be exposed to the attacks of the winds, which are very detrimental to trees ; and, if it be too low, the dampness, the vermin, and ve- nomous creatures which breed rp, ponds and marshy places, contri- bute much to die unwholesome- ness of the spot. It is true, as Dr. Darwin has observed, that low situations are favourable in some respects, on account of their superior warmth, and of their beiiig more sheltered from the cold north-east winds, which, in this climate, are accompanied with frost; and from the boisterous south-west winds, that are very violent, and during summer, fre- quently injure the more delicatl plants, by dashing their branche against (; i<-'h oilier. Bui in Ion situations, Dr. D. adds, the togs in the vernal evenings moist* n the young shoots and early flowers of trers^and thus expose them to the injuries of the frosty nights which t>u< •
