TON ppoci^-eding to this organ; and lastly, from catarrhs, by which the head is generally afFefted. If such complaint be occasioned by impurities, the tongue should be frequently scraped and washed with a mixture of spring water, vinegar, and honey. A corruption of the saliva being mostly connect- ed with other disorders, it will also be removed by the remedies em- ployed for the cure of the latter : we shall therefore only add, that when it arises from tainted hu- mours (evinced by frequent, foul erufltations), the repeated use of thin slices of lemons, or oranges, with a little sugar ; or, rinsing the mouth with a mixture of vinegar and lime-water, will often remedy ?uch inconvenience. Where the sensibility of the nerves is diminished, the chewing of horse-radish, sweet flag, and si- milar stimulants, has frequently proved beneficial . — See alsoD umb - NESS. TONSILS, or vulgarly called Almoncls, are two round glands situated collaterally at the basis of the tongue ; each of them being provided with a large oval passage opening towards the fauces, whence a mucus is secreted for lubricating the mouth and gullet j such dis- charge being farther promoted by the a(3ion of the muscles, compress- ing these glands. The principal aiFedion incident to the tonsils, consists in an enlarge- ment, unattended with pain ; but which sometimes increases to such an alarming degree, as to threalf n suiFocation : in this case, relief can be obtained only by an operation. When the complaint, however, is consequent on inflammations of the adjacent parts, for instance, in the ^ujNsy,ScAaLET-rBVEe,&c. the TOO [231 remedies direfted under tI)ose ar- ticles, may then afford relief. TOOL, a general term denot- ing any small implement, which js used both for manufa during other complex instruments or machines, and also those employed in the me- chanical arts. Tools are divided into edged- tools, spring- tools, poijited-loolSf &c. But, consistently with the ad- vanced state of the present work, we shall only give an account of a patent, granted in January 1795, to Mr. Arnold Wilde, for mak- ing plane-irons, sickles, scythes, drawing-knives, and all other kinds of edged- tools, from a preparation of cast-steel and iron, incorporated by means of fire. — He direfts a piece of wrought- iron to be previ- ously heated in the fire, and ham- mered; after which it should be formed of the requisite size ; it is then to be fixed in a mould of pro- per dimensions, and in such a di- re6lion that, when the cast-steel is poured into the latter, the iron may settle in the middle, or on either side. Next, the steel must be melted in a crucible exposed to a strong fire; and, when it is nearly in a fluid state, the iron should be prepared in a welding heat. After clearing it from scales, or other extraneous matters, the iron is again to be fixed in the mould, and the fluid steel poured into the va- cancy left for that purpose} when the whole will be united into one solid mass. — ^Tbe various tools, above-mentioned, may then be made of such compound metal in the usual manner ; or by any me- thod that should be deemed most: convenient to the workman, gx manufacturer. Tooth; andTooip-ACK. See Tfeth. ' Q 4 TOR-
