one to three feet, according to their size, in the year before they are to be transplanted; allowing them to grow rude, that is, without being nailed in, or cutting either the side or fore-right shoots, during the whole summer. In the course of the winter, the ground ought to be opened around their roots, and the strong ones cut-in; after which they must be covered with soil. Thus, fine young fibres will strike forth; and, in the succeeding autumn, or during the winter (the sooner the better), they may be transplanted as standards; care being taken to place them, like all other trees which are to be removed into different soils, in a similar aspect, or towards the same point of the compass; but, if cuttings are designed to be planted against a wall, Mr. F. advises only the roots to be divided; as by such method a considerable saving will not only result, in time and money, but the trees also will bear fruit, in the fust year after their removal. He remarks, that he has often transplanted old plum-trees that had been headed down, and consequently made very fine roots; which he divided, and "thereby obtained four or five trees from one, cutting them so as to form them into fine heads."—See also Fruit-trees, Orchard, (vol. iii. p. 315), and Planting.
TRAVELLER's-JOY, Honesty, Virgin's Bower, or Great Wild-Climber, Clematis Vitalba, L. a hardy, indigenous shrub, growing in hedges and shady places, in calcareous soils, where it flowers in June and July.—It is easily propagated by layers or cuttings.
The fibrous stalks of this vegetable may be converted into paper:—the whole plant is very acrid to the touch; on which account it is frequently employed as a caustic, and for cleansing old ulcers.—Both leaves and branches may, with advantage, be used in dyeing; and Dambourney obtained from the latter alone a yellow decoction.—Bechstein observes, that the hard, compact, yellow, and odoriferous wood of this shrub, furnishes an excellent material for veneering.
Treacle, the Common. See Molasses; and Beer; vol. i. p. 237.
TREACLE, the Venice, or Mithridate, Theriaca Andromachi, a celebrated medley of drugs, composed of 60 ingredients; prepared; pulverized; and, with honey, formed into an electuary: it was reputed among the ancients to be a specific against poisons, and was formerly employed in intermittent, malignant, and other fevers. At present, however, it is superseded by the opiate electuary, which consists of purified opium, 6 drams; caraway-seeds, long-pepper, and ginger, of each 2 oz.; and three times their weight of the syrup of white poppy, boiled to the consistence of honey. The solid substances are to be pulverized, and the opium first separately incorporated with the syrup, over a moderate fire; when the other ingredients should be gradually added.—This composition is very powerful: the doses vary according to the age, sex, strength, and other circumstances; so that they ought to be regularly prescribed.
Treacle-Mustard. See Mithridate-Mustard.
Treacle-Hedge-Mustard, or Treacle Wormseed. See Mustard, the Hedge.
TREE, the largest of vegetable
pro-
