an ice-field—that is to say, a surface of ice which extends beyond the reach of sight."
"And what do you call this broken ice on the other side—those long pieces which keep so closely together?"
"That's a pack. If the loose masses assume a circular form, we call it palch; and if elongated, a stream."
"And all that floating ice, there—has that any particular name?"
"That is called drift ice. If it rose higher out of the water it would be icebergs or ice-hills. It is dangerous for ships to come into contact with them, and they have to be carefully avoided. Look! do you see that protuberance, or sort of ridge of broken ice on the surface of the field? That is called a hummock, and is formed by the collision of fields. If its base was submerged, it would be called a calf."
"Well, it is certainly a curious spectacle," said the Doctor, "and one that acts powerfully on the imagination."
"Yes, indeed," replied Johnson, "for the ice often assumes the most fantastic forms."
"For instance, Johnson," interrupted the Doctor, "look at that assemblage of huge blocks. Couldn't you fancy it was some eastern city, with its minarets and mosques glittering in the pale moonlight? And then a little way off is a long succession of Gothic arches, which remind one of Henry the Seventh's Chapel at Westminster, or the Houses of Parliament."
"Ay, Mr. Clawbonny, each man shapes those to his own fancy; but I can tell you both churches and towers are dangerous places to live in, or even to get too near. There are some of those minarets tottering at their base, and the smallest of them would crush our brig to pieces."
"And yet men have dared to venture here without having steam to fall back upon. It is difficult to imagine a common sailing ship being able to pick her way through those moving rocks."
"It has been done, however, Mr. Clawbonny. When the wind became contrary, which happened to myself more than once, we anchored our ship to one of those blocks, and waited patiently, drifting along with it more or less, till a favoring breeze allowed us to resume our course again. I must confess, however, it was a very slow fashion
