fence; but bringing with him neither ammunition nor an army.
By these means Charles found himself destitute of provisions, cut off from all communication with Poland, and surrounded by enemies, in the heart of a country where he had no resource but his own courage.
In this extremity, the memorable winter of 1709, which was still more terrible in those quarters of the world than in France, destroyed part of his army. Charles resolved to brave the seasons, as he had done his enemies; and ventured to make long marches with his troops during this mortal cold. It was in one of these marches that two thousand men fell dead from cold, before his eyes. The dragoons had no boots, and the foot soldiers were without shoes, and almost without clothes They were forced to make stockings of the skins of wild beasts, in the best manner they could. They were frequently in want of bread. They were obliged to throw almost all their cannon into the marshes and rivers, for want of horses to draw them; so that this army, which was once so fortunate, was reduced to twenty-four thousand men ready to perish with hunger. They no longer received any news from Sweden, nor were able to send any thither. In this condition only one officer complained. "What!" said the king to him, "Are you uneasy at being so far from your wife? If you are a good soldier, I will lead you to such a distance, that you shall hardly be able to receive news from Sweden once in three years."
The Marquis de Brancas, afterwards ambassador
