plays the role of the inner energy in a system moving with constant velocity.
Let the entropy of the resting system be , that of the moving one can be expressed by . The relations hold
but also
since it is indeed (at constant )
.
Since the system was adiabatically brought from the state of rest to that of motion, the entropy has the same value in both cases, thus:
therefore also
From that, also equations (6) and (8) are immediately given.
5. Momentum.
Thus far we have presupposed the existence of momentum, without making a special assumption concerning its value. Now we want to assume in agreement with the theory of Lorentz and Abraham, that momentum is equal to the space integral of the (absolute)