The Geographical Distribution of Animals/Chapter 11.3

by Alfred Russel Wallace

BIRDS.
Order, Family, and Genus.			No. of Species.	Range within the Region.	Range beyond the Region.
PASSERES.
Turdidæ.
1.	Turdus		13	The whole reg. (excl. Madagas.)	Almost Cosmopolite
2.	Monticola		2	S. Africa	Palæarctic and Oriental
3.	Chætops		3	S. Africa
4.	Bessonornis		15	The whole region	Palestine
Sylviidæ.
5.	$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	Drymœca	70	The whole region	Palestine
6.		Cisticola	13	The whole region
7.		Sphenœacus	1	S. Africa
8.		Camaroptera	5	Africa
9.	$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	Acrocephalus	8	The whole region	Palæarc., Orien., Austral.
10.		Bradyptetus	8	Abyssinia and S. Africa
11.		Catriscus	3	All Africa
12.		Bernieria	1	Madagascar
13.		Ellisia	1	Madagascar
14.		Mystacornis	1	Madagascar
15.	$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	Phylloscopus	1	S. Africa	Palæarctic, Oriental
16.		Eremomela	16	All Africa
17.		Eroessa	1	Madagascar
18.		Hypolais	2	S. Africa
19.	$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	Aedon	8	E. and S. Africa	Palæarctic
20.		Sylvia	3	N. E. Africa, Gambia, Cape Verd Ids.
21.		Curruca	2	S. Africa
22.	$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	Ruticilla	2	Abyssinia and Senegal	Palæarctic, Oriental
23.		Cyanecula	2	N. E. Africa
24.	$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	Copsychus	2	Madagascar and Seychelle Ids.	Oriental
25.		Thamnobia	7	All Africa
26.		Cercotrichas	2	W. and N. E. Africa
27.		Pœoptera	1	W. Africa
28.		Gervasia	2	Madagascar and Seychelle Ids.
29.		Dromolæa	13	All Africa
30.		Saxicola	14	Central, E. and S. Africa
31.		Cercomela	3	N. E. Africa
32.		Pratincola	7	Africa and Madagascar
Timaliidæ.
33.	Chatarrhæa		1	Abyssinia	Oriental, Palestine
34.	Crateropus		17	All Africa	N. Africa, Persia
35.	Hypergerus		1	W. Africa
36.	Cichladusa		3	W. and E. Africa
37.	Alethe		4	W. Africa
38.	Oxylabes		2	Madagascar
Cinclidæ.[?]
39.	Mesites		1	Madagascar
Troglodytidæ.[?]
40.	Sylvietta		2	Central, E. and S. Africa
Sittidæ.
41.	Hypherpes		1	Madagascar
Paridæ.
42.	Parus		5	All Africa	Palæarc., Orien., Nearc.
43.	Parisoma		5	All Africa
44.	Ægithalus		4	W., Central, and S. Africa	Palæarctic
45.	Parinia		1	W. Africa, Prince's Island
Pycnonotidæ.
46.	Pycnonotus		8	All Africa	S. Palæarctic, Oriental
47.	Phyllastrephus		4	W. and S. Africa
48.	Hypsipetes		4	Madagascar and Mascarene Ids.	Oriental
49.	Tylas		1	Madagascar
50.	Criniger		14	W. and S. Africa	Oriental
51.	Ixonotus		8	W. Africa
52.	Andropadus		9	Africa and Madagascar
53.	Lioptilus		1	S. Africa
Oriolidæ.
54.	Oriolus		10	All Africa	Palæarctic, Oriental
55.	Artamia[?]		3	Madagascar
56.	Cyanolanius[?]		1	Madagascar
Campephagidæ.
57.	Lanicterus		5	All Africa
58.	Oxynotus		2	Mauritius and Bourbon
59.	Campephaga		5	The whole region	Celebes to New Caledonia
Dicruridæ.
60.	Dicrurus		11	The whole region	Oriental, Australian
Muscicapidæ.
61.	Butalis		3	All Africa	Palæarctic, N. Oriental
62.	Muscicapa		10	All tropical Africa	Palæarctic
63.	Alseonax		4	S. Africa	Oriental
64.	Newtonia		1	Madagascar
65.	Hyliota		2	W. Africa
66.	Erythrocercus		2	Tropical Africa
67.	Artomyias		2	W. Africa
68.	Pseudobias		1	Madagascar
69.	Smithornis		2	W. and S. Africa
70.	Megabias		1	W. Africa
71.	Cassinia		2	W. Africa
72.	Bias		1	Tropical Africa
73.	Elminia		2	Tropical Africa
74.	Platystira		12	All Africa
75.	Tchitrea		18	The whole region	Oriental
76.	Pogonocichla		1	S. Africa
77.	Bradyornis		7	All Africa
Laniidæ.
78.	Parmoptila[?]		1	W. Africa.
79.	Calicalicus		1	Madagascar
80.	Lanius		15	All Africa	Palæarc., Orien., Nearc.
81.	Hypocolius		1	Abyssinia
82.	Corvinella		1	S. and W. Africa
83.	Urolestes		1	S. Africa
84.	Fraseria		2	W. Africa
85.	Hypodes		1	W. Africa
86.	Cuphopterus		1	Prince's Island
87.	Nilaus		1	All Africa
88.	Prionops		9	All Africa
89.	Eurocephalus		2	N. E. and S. Africa
90.	Chaunonotus		1	W. Africa
91.	Vanga		4	Madagascar
92.	Laniarius		38	All Africa, Madagascar[?]
93.	Meristes		2	W. and S. E. Africa
94.	Nicator		1	E. Africa
95.	Telephonus		10	All Africa	N. Africa
Corvidæ.
96.	Ptilostomus		2	W. and E. Africa
97.	Corvus		7	All Africa and Madagascar	Cosmop., excl. S. Amer.
98.	Corvultur		2	N. E. to S. Africa
99.	Picathartes			W. Africa
	(Fregilus		1	Abyssinia)	Palæarctic genus
Nectariniidæ.
100.	Nectarinia		55	The whole region
101.	Promerops		1	S. Africa
102.	Cinnyricinclus		4	W. Africa
103.	Neodrepanis		1	Madagascar
Dicæidæ.
104.	Zosterops		23	The whole region	Oriental and Australian
105.	Pholidornis		1	W. Africa
Hirundinidæ.
106.	Hirundo		17	The whole region	Cosmopolite
107.	Psalidoprogne		10	The whole region
108.	Phedina		2	Madagascar and Mauritius
109.	Petrochelidon		1	S. Africa	Neotropical
110.	Chelidon		1	Bogos-land	Palæarctic, Oriental
111.	Cotyle		6	All Africa	Palæarctic, Oriental
112.	Waldenia		1	W. Africa
Fringillidæ.
113.	Dryospiza		8	All Africa	S. Palæarctic
114.	Chlorospiza		4	Abyssinia to Cape	Palæarctic
115.	Passer		18	All Africa	Palæarctic, Oriental
116.	Crithagra		12	All Africa	N. Africa, Syria
117.	Ligurnus		2	W. Africa
	(Erythrospiza		1	Nubia, Arabia)	S. Palæarctic genus
118.	Pinicola[?]		1	Cameroons, W. Africa	N. Temperate genus
119.	Fringillaria		9	All Africa	South Palæarctic
Ploceidæ.
120.	Textor		5	All Africa
121.	Hyphantornis		32	Tropical and S. Africa
122.	Symplectes		8	Tropical and S. Africa
123.	Malimbus		9	W. and E. Africa
124.	Ploceus		2	W. and E. Africa	Oriental
125.	Nelicurvius		1	Madagascar
126.	Foudia		11	Tropical Africa, Madagascar, &c.
127.	Sporopipes		1	Tropical and S. Africa
128.	Pyromelana		12	Tropical and S. Africa
129.	Philetærus		1	S. Africa
130.	Nigrita		7	W. and N. E. Africa
131.	Plocepasser		4	E. and S. Africa
132.	Vidua		6	Tropical and S. Africa
133.	Coliuspasser		9	Tropical and S. Africa
134.	Chera		1	S. Africa
135.	Spermospiza		2	W. Africa
136.	Pyrenestes		6	Tropical and S. Africa
137.	Estrilda		16	Tropical and S. Africa	Oriental
138.	Pytelia		20	Tropical and S. Africa
139.	Hypargos		2	E. Africa, Madagascar
140.	Amadina		6	Tropical and S. Africa
141.	Spermestes		7	The whole region
142.	Amauresthes		1	E. and W. Africa
143.	Hypochera		2	Tropical and S. Africa
Sturnidæ.
144.	Dilophus		1	S. Africa, Loanda, Sennaar
145.	Buphaga		2	Trop. and S. Africa ([?] a family)
146.	Euryceros		1	Madagascar ([?] a family)
147.	Juida		5	Tropical and S. Africa
148.	Lamprocolius		16	Tropical and S. Africa
149.	Cinnyricinclus		2	Tropical and S. Africa
150.	Onychognathus		2	W. Africa
151.	Spreo		5	Tropical and S. Africa
152.	Amydrus		5	N. E. Africa	Palestine
153.	Hartlaubius		1	Madagascar
154.	Falculia		1	Madagascar
155.	Fregilupus		1	Bourbon
Alaudidæ.
156.	Alauda		3	Abyssinia and S. W. Africa	Palæarctic, Indian
157.	Spizocorys		1	South Africa
158.	Galerita		4	North of tropical Africa	Palæarctic, Indian
159.	Calendula		2	Abyssinia, S. Africa
	(Melanocorypha		1	Abyssinia)	Palæarctic genus
160.	Certhilauda		3	South Africa	S. Europe
161.	Alaemon		3	South Africa	S. Palæarctic
162.	Heterocorys		1	South Africa
163.	Mirafra		10	South Africa, Madagascar	Oriental, Australian
164.	Ammomanes		4	African deserts	S. Palæarctic, Indian
165.	Megalophonus		5	Tropical and S. Africa
166.	Tephrocorys		2	S. Africa
167.	Pyrrhulauda		6	Tropical and S. Africa	Oriental, Canary Islands
Motacillidæ.
168.	Budytes		8	The whole region	Palæarctic, Oriental, Australian
169.	Anthus		10	Tropical and S. Africa	All regions, exc. Australia
170.	Macronyx		4	Tropical and S. Africa
Pittidæ.
171.	Pitta		1	W. Africa	Oriental, Australian
Paictidæ.
172.	Philepitta		2	Madagascar
PICARIÆ.
Picidæ.
173.	Verreauxia		1	W. Africa
174.	Dendropicus		14	Tropical and S. Africa
175.	Campethera		14	Tropical and S. Africa
176.	Geocolaptes		1	South Africa
Yungidæ.
177.	Yunx		1	N. E. Africa, S. Africa	Palæarctic
Indicatoridæ.
178.	Indicator		8	Tropical and S. Africa	Oriental
Megalæmidæ.
179.	Pogonorhynchus		14	Tropical and S. Africa
180.	Buccanodon		1	West Africa
181.	Stactolæma		1	West Africa
182.	Barbatula		9	West and South Africa
183.	Xylobucco		3	West and South Africa
184.	Gymnobucco		3	West Africa
185.	Trachyphonus		6	Tropical and South Africa
Musophagidæ.
186.	Musophaga		2	West Africa
187.	Turacus		10	Tropical and S. Africa
188.	Schizorhis		6	Tropical and S. Africa
Coliidæ.
189.	Colius		7	Tropical and S. Africa
Cuculidæ.
190.	Ceuthmochares		2	Africa and Madagascar
191.	Coua		9	Madagascar
192.	Cochlothraustes		1	Madagascar
193.	Centropus		8	Africa and Madagascar	Oriental, Australian
194.	Cuculus		10	Africa and Madagascar	Palæarc., Orien., Austral.
195.	Chrysococcyx		7	Tropical and S. Africa	Oriental, Australian
196.	Coccystes		6	Tropical and S. Africa	S. Palæarctic, Oriental
Leptosomidæ.
197.	Leptosomus		1	Madagascar
Coraciidæ.
198.	Coracias		5	Africa and Madagascar	S. Palæarctic, Oriental
199.	Eurystomus		3	Africa and Madagascar	Oriental, Australian
200.	Atelornis		2	Madagascar
201.	Brachypteracias		1	Madagascar
202.	Geobiastes		1	Madagascar
Meropidæ.
203.	Merops		11	Africa and Madagascar	S. Palæar., Orien., Austral.
204.	Melittophagus		5	Tropical and S. Africa
Trogonidæ.
205.	Apaloderma		2	Tropical and S. Africa
Alcedinidæ.
206.	Alcedo		2	W. Africa, Abyssinia, Natal	Palæar., Orien., Austral.
207.	Corythornis		3	Africa and Madagascar
208.	Ceryle		1	W. Africa, Abyssinia, Natal	American, Palæarctic
209.	Myioceyx		2	West Africa
210.	Ispidina		4	Africa and Madagascar
211.	Halcyon		10	Africa, Prince's Is., St. Thomé	S. Palæar., Orien., Austral.
Bucerotidæ.
212.	Berenicornis		1	West Africa	Malaya
213.	Tockus		12	Tropical and S. Africa
214.	Bycanistes		6	Tropical and S. Africa
215.	Bucoreus		2	Tropical and S. Africa
Upupidæ.
216.	Upupa		3	Africa and Madagascar	S. Palæarctic, Oriental
Irrisoridæ.
217.	Irrisor		12	Africa and Madagascar
Caprimulgidæ.
218.	Caprimulgus		18	Africa and Madagascar	Palæarc., Orien., Austral.
219.	Scortornis		3	Tropical Africa
220.	Macrodipteryx		2	W. Africa to Abyssinia
221.	Cosmetornis		1	Tropical Africa to the Zambesi
Cypselidæ.
222.	Cypselus		6	The whole region	Palæarctic, Oriental
223.	Collocalia		1	Mascarene Ids., Madagascar	Oriental, Australian
224.	Chætura		4	Tropical Africa and Madagascar	Cosmop., exc. W. Palæarctic
PSITTACI.
Palæornithidæ.
225.	Palæornis		3	W. Africa to Abys. & Mauritius	Oriental
Psittacidæ.
226.	Coracopsis		5	Madagascar and Seychelle Ids.
227.	Psittacus		2	W. Africa
228.	Pœocephalus		9	Tropical and S. Africa
229.	Agapornis		4	Tropical and S. Africa
230.	Poliopsitta		2	Trop. Africa and Madagascar
COLUMBÆ.
Columbidæ.
231.	Treron		6	Africa and Madagascar	Oriental
232.	Alectrœnas		5	Madagascar and Masc. Ids. (extct. in Mauritius and Rodriguez)
233.	Columba		12	Africa and Madagascar	Palæarctic, Oriental
234.	Œna		1	Tropical and S. Africa
235.	Turtur		10	Africa, Madagascar, Comoro and Seychelle Islands	Palæarctic, Oriental
236.	Aplopelia		4	Abyssinia, S. Africa and West African Islands
237.	Chalcopelia		3	Tropical and S. Africa
Dididæ. (extinct)
238.	Didus		5	Mascarene Islands
GALLINÆ.
Pteroclidæ.
239.	Pterocles		9	Africa and Madagascar	S. Palæarctic, Indian
Tetraonidæ.
240.	Ptilopachus		1	West Africa
241.	Francolinus		30	Africa and Madagascar	S. Palæarctic, Indian
242.	Peliperdix		1	West Africa
243.	Margaroperdix		1	Madagascar
244.	Coturnix		2	Tropical and S. Africa	Palæar., Orient., Austral.
	(Caccabis		1	Abyssinia)	Palæarctic genus
Phasianidæ.
245.	Phasidus		1	West Africa
246.	Agelastes		1	West Africa
247.	Acryllium		1	West Africa
248.	Numida		9	Africa to Natal and Madagascar
Turnicidæ.
249.	Turnix		4	S. Africa and Madagascar	Palæarc., Orient., Austrl.
250.	Ortyxelos		1	Africa
ACCIPITRES.
Vulturidæ.
251.	Gyps		2	Africa, except W. sub-region	Palæarctic, Oriental
252.	Pseudogyps		1	N. E. Africa to Senegal	Oriental
253.	Otogyps		1	N. E. and S. Africa	Palæarctic, Oriental
254.	Lophogyps		1	N. E. and S. Africa and Senegal
255.	Neophron		2	Africa, excl. west coast	S. Palæarctic, Oriental
Falconidæ.
256.	Polyboroides		2	Africa and Madagascar
257.	Circus		4	Africa and Madagascar	Almost Cosmopolite
258.	Urotriorchis		1	W. Africa
259.	Melierax		5	Africa, excl. west coast
260.	Astur		5	Africa and Madagascar	Almost Cosmopolite
261.	Nisoides		1	Madagascar
262.	Eutriorchis		1	Madagascar
263.	Accipiter		8	Africa and Madagascar	Almost Cosmopolite
264.	Buteo		5	Africa and Madagascar	Cosmop., excl. Austral.
265.	Gypaëtus		1	N. E. and S. Africa	S. Palæarctic
266.	Aquila		5	All Africa	Nearc., Palæarc., Indian
267.	Nisaëtus		1	W. Africa	S. Palæarctic, Oriental, Australia
268.	Spizaëtus		3	All Africa	Neotropical, Oriental to N. Guinea
269.	Lophoætus		1	All Africa
270.	Asturinula		1	Tropical Africa
271.	Dryotriorchis		1	W. Africa
272.	Circaëtus		5	All Africa	Palæarctic, Oriental
273.	Butastur		1	N. E. Africa	Oriental to New Guinea
274.	Helotarsus		2	Tropical and S. Africa
275.	Haliæetus		2	The whole region	Cosmopolite, excl. Neotropical region
276.	Gypohierax		1	West and East Africa
277.	Elanoides		1	West and N. E. Africa
278.	Milvus		1	The whole region	The Eastern Hemisphere
279.	Elanus		1	Africa	India to Australia
280.	Machærhamphus		1	S. W. Africa and Madagascar	Malacca
281.	Pernis		1	S. Africa and Madagascar	Palæarctic, Oriental
282.	Baza		3	Africa and Madagascar	India to N. Australia
283.	Poliohierax		1	East Africa	Burmah
284.	Falco		4	All Africa	Almost Cosmopolite
285.	Cerchneis		8	The whole region	Almost Cosmopolite
Serpentariidæ.
286.	Serpentarius		1	The greater part of Africa
Pandionidæ.
287.	Pandion		1	All Africa	Cosmopolite
Strigidæ.
288.	Athene		5		Palæarctic, Oriental, Africa and Madagascar, Rodriquez (extinct)
289.	Bubo		8	Africa and Madagascar	Cosmopolite
290.	Scotopelia		2	West and S. Africa to Zambesi
291.	Scops		3	W. and S. Africa, Madagascar, Comoro Islands	Almost Cosmopolite
292.	Syrnium		2	Africa	Palæarctic, Oriental, American
293.	Asio		1	N. E. and S. Africa	Cosmopolite
294.	Strix		4	Africa and Madagascar	Cosmopolite
Peculiar or very characteristic Genera of Wading and Swimming Birds.
GRALLÆ.
Rallidæ.
	Himantornis		1	West Africa
	Podica		3	Africa	Burmah
Glareolidæ.
	Cursorius		8	All Africa	S. Europe, India
Otididæ.
	Eupodotis		16	All Africa	India, Australia
Gruidæ.
	Balearica		2	All Africa
Ardeidæ.
	Balæniceps		1	Upper Nile
Plataleidæ.
	Scopus		1	Tropical and S. Africa
ANSERES.
Anatidæ.
	Thalassornis		1	South Africa
STRUTHIONES.
Struthionidæ.
295.	Struthio		2	All Africa	Syria
Æpyornithidæ.
296.	Æpyornis		3[?]	Madagascar