The Science of History and the Hope of Mankind/Chapter 8
SECTION VIII
RECAPITULATION
RECAPITULATING, then, the lessons of the Science of History founded on Biology, we find that neither literary movements nor political agitations, neither the acquisition of liberty nor expansion of territories—in fact, none of the various aspects of national life are absolutely dependent on the particular people concerned, all are the products and resultants of the mutual influences of all nations and national activities on one another; so that types of national character are moulded through constant interactions and intercourses of life and thought. In the second place, these international actions and reactions assume different aspects in different times and thus give rise to different nationalities of the human race and different types of national characteristics. In the third place, the manifestations of life that give rise to various national types and different national characteristics are always varying both in form and spirit according to the varying conditions of the world; so that so long as man will be able to adapt his movements to the varying circumstances of the environment, there is no need of despair for the progress of humanity.