Translation:Mishnah/Seder Zeraim/Tractate Peah/Chapter 8
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Mishnah 1
- From when is everyone permitted to glean?
- When the weakest of the poor have made their search.
- And when for single grapes and grape gleanings?
- From when the poor were able to go through the vineyard and they come back.
- And when for olive trees?
- When the second rain has come.
- R’ Yehuda said, “And what if one has not harvested his olive trees until after the second rain has come?
- Rather, when the poor go out, and they have not brought back four Issar.”
Mishnah 2
- They are trusted with the gleanings and the forgotten sheaves,
- And the corner, and the poor tithe in every year,
- And a son of Levi is trusted forever.
- And we do not trust except for what people are thus accustomed to.
Mishnah 3
- They are trusted concerning wheat,
- But they are not trusted concerning flour, and not concerning bread.
- They are trusted concerning the barley of rice,
- But not trusted concerning the difference between raw and cooked.
- They are trusted concerning cooked broad beans,
- But not trusted concerning grits, if they are raw, or if they are cooked.
- They are trusted to speak of the oil of the poor man,
- But not trusted to speak of the oil from gleaned olives.
Mishnah 4
- They are believed concerning raw vegetables,
- But not believed concerning cooked ones,
- Except if there was a small thing,
- Because it is common that the master of the house takes it out from his stew pot.
Mishnah 5
- One must not reduce the poor’s portion of the granary below half a Kav of wheat and a Kav of barley.
- R’ Meir says, “Half a Kav.”
- A Kav and a half of kasha, and a Kav of dried figs or 100 Dinar of figs.
- R’ Akiva says, “Half that.”
- Half a Log of wine.
- R’ Akiva says, “A fourth.”
- A fourth of a Log of oil.
- R’ Akiva says, “An eighth of that.”
- And for the rest of the produce,
- Abba Shmuel said, “It is enough to sell and buy enough for two meals.”
Mishnah 6
- This measure applies to priests and Levites, and only in Jerusalem.
- If one wants to save some, he takes from half and gives half.
- If he has a small amount, he gives it before them, and they divide it between themselves.
Mishnah 7
- One must not reduce the due of the poor that wander from place to place,
- Below a Kikor of two pounder coins when 4 Seah of wheat cost a Sela.
- If he stays, give him the support to stay.
- If he stays for Shabbat, give him 3 meals.
- For one that has only 2 meals, he must not take from the soup kitchen.
- If he has 14 meals, he doesn’t take from the money box,
- And the money box is brought around in pairs and divided into three parts.
Mishnah 8
- If he has 100 Dinar, he does not take the gleanings, the forgotten sheaves, the corner, or the poor tithe.
- If he has 200 Dinar that is deficient by a Dinar, even if he is given 1000 at once,
- Indeed, this is taking.
- If they pledged to his creditor, or his wife’s marriage contract,
- Indeed, this is taking.
- He is not obligated to sell his house or his clothes.
Mishnah 9
- For one that has 50 Zuz, and he carries them and gives them,
- Indeed, this is not a taking.
- And all who don’t need to take, but take anyway,
- He will not be hidden from the world until he will be made dependant on mankind.
- And all who need to take, and don’t take;
- He will not die from old age until he will provide for others from his portion.
- And on this, the verse says, “Bless the man that relies on G-d, and G-d will rely on him.” (Jeremiah 17:7)
- And thus is the law that the judge judges from truth to truth.
- And he that is not lame, nor blind, nor limp, yet he makes himself up as one of these,
- He will not die of old age until he is like one of these,
- As it says, “He that seeks evil, it will come to him.” (Proverbs 11:27)
- And it says, “Justice, justice shall you pursue.” (Deuteronomy 16:20)
- And every judge that takes a bribe and diverts justice,
- He will not die of old age until his eyes have dimmed,
- As it says, “And you shall not take a bribe, because a bribe blinds those that can see and understand, etc.” (Exodus 23:8)