United States Statutes at Large/Volume 13/38th Congress/1st Session/Chapter 173

by United States Congress

June 30, 1864.

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1865, ch. 73.
Post, p. 458.
1865, ch. 78.
Post, p. 469.

Chap. CLXXIII.—An Act to provide Internal Revenue to support the Government, to pay Interest on the Public Debt, and for other Purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That, for the purpose of superintending the collection of internal duties, stamp duties, licenses, or taxes,Commissioner of internal revenue. imposed by this act, or which may hereafter be imposed, and of assessing the same, the commissioner of internal revenue, whose annual salary shallSalary. be four thousand dollars, shall be charged, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, with preparing all the instructions,Duty. regulations, directions, forms, blanks, stamps, and licenses, and distributing the same, or any part thereof, and all other matters pertaining to the assessment and collection of the duties, stamp duties, licenses, and taxes which may be necessary to carry this act into effect, and with the general superintendence of his office, as aforesaid,Authority. and shall have authority, and hereby is authorized and required, to provide cotton marks, hydrometers, and proper and sufficient adhesive stamps, and stamps or dies for expressing and denoting the several stamp duties, or the amount thereof in the case of percentage duties, imposed by this act, and to alter and renew or replace such stamps, from time to time, as occasion shall require. He may also contract for or procure the printingPrinting. of requisite forms, decisions, regulations, and advertisements; but the printing of such forms, decisions, and regulations shall be done at the public printing-office, unless the public printer shall be unable to perform the work. And the Secretary of the Treasury may, at any time prior to the first day of July, eighteen hundred and sixty-five, assign to the office of the commissioner of internal revenueClerks. such number of clerks as he may deem necessary, or the exigencies of the public service may require; and the privilege of franking allFranking privilege. letters and documents pertaining to the duties of his office, and of receiving free of postage all such letters and documents, is hereby extended to said commissioner.

GENERAL PROVISIONS.

Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the commissioner of internal revenueCommissioner to pay over moneys daily; to pay over daily to the treasurer of the United States all public moneys which may come into his possession, for which the treasurer shall give proper receipts and keep a faithful account; and at the end of each month the said commissioner shall render true and faithful accountsto render accounts. of all public moneys received or paid out, or paid to the treasurer of the United States, exhibiting proper vouchers therefor, and the same shall be received and examined by the fifth auditor of the treasury, who shall thereafter certify the balance, if any, and transmit the accounts, with the vouchers and certificate, to the first comptroller for his decision thereon; and the said commissioner, when such accounts are settled as herein provided for, shall transmit a copy thereof to the Secretary of the Treasury. He shall at all times submit to the Secretary of the Treasury and the comptroller, or either of them, the inspection of moneys in his hands, and shall, prior to the entering upon the duties of his office, execute a bond,Bond. with sufficient sureties, to be approved by the Secretary of the Treasury and by the first comptroller, in a sum of not less than one hundred thousand dollars, payable to the United States, conditioned that said commissioner shall faithfully perform the duties of his office according to law, and shall justly and faithfully account for and pay over to the United States, in obedience to law and in compliance with the order or regulations of the Secretary of the Treasury, all public moneys which may come into his hands or possession, and for the safe-keeping and faithful account of all stamps, adhesive stamps, or vellum, parchment or paper bearing a stamp denoting any duty thereon, which bond shall be filed in the office of the first comptroller of the treasury. And such commissioner shall, from time to time, renew, strengthen, and increase his official bond, as the Secretary of the Treasury may direct.

Deputy commissioner.
Salary and duty. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the deputy commissioner of internal revenue, whose annual salary shall be twenty-five hundred dollars, shall be charged with such duties in the bureau of internal revenue as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, or as may be required by law, and shall act as commissioner of internal revenue in the absence of that officer, and exercise the privilege of franking all letters and documents pertaining to the office of internal revenue.

Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Treasury may appoint not exceeding five revenue agents,Revenue agents, their duty and pay.
Post, p. 469. ​whose duties shall be, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, to aid in the prevention, detection, and punishment of frauds upon the internal revenue, and in the enforcement of the collection thereof, who shall be paid, in addition to the expenses necessarily incurred by them, such compensation as the Secretary of the Treasury may deem just and reasonable, not exceeding two thousand dollars per annum. The above salaries to be paid in the same manner as are other expenses for collecting the revenue.

Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Treasury may appoint inspectors in any assessment district Inspectorswhere in his judgment it may be necessary for the purposes of a proper enforcement of the internal revenue laws or the detection of frauds, and such inspectors and revenue agents aforesaid shall be subject to the rules and regulations of the said secretary, and have all the powers conferred upon any other officers of internal revenue in making any examination of persons, books, and premises which may be necessary in the discharge of the duties of their office. PayAnd the compensation of such inspectors shall be fixed and paid for such time as they may be actually employed, not exceeding four dollars per day, and their just and proper travelling expenses.

Cashier of internal revenue.
Salary, duty, bond. Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That the cashier of internal duties, who shall hereafter be called cashier of internal revenue, and whose annual salary shall be twenty-five hundred dollars, shall perform such duties as may be assigned to his office by the commissioner of internal revenue, under the regulations of the Secretary of the Treasury, and shall give a bond, with sufficient sureties, to be approved by the Secretary of the Treasury and by the solicitor, that he will faithfully account for all the moneys or other articles of value belonging to the United States which may come into his hands, and perform all the duties enjoined upon his office, according to law and regulations, as aforesaid; which bond shall be deposited with the first comptroller of the treasury.

Act of 1862, ch. 119, § 2, to remain in force.
Vol. xii, p. 433.
Collection districts may be altered. Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That the second section of an act entitled "An act to provide internal revenue to support the government and to pay interest on the public debt," approved July one, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, shall remain and continue in full force; and the President is hereby authorized to alter the respective collection districts provided for in said section as the public interests may require.

Assessment districts. Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, That each assessor shall divide his district into a convenient number of assessment districts, which may be changed as often as may be deemed necessary, subject to such regulations and limitations as may be imposed by the commissioner of internal revenue, within each of which the Secretary of the Treasury, whenever there shall be a vacancy or the public interest shall require,Post, p. 469. shall appoint, with the approval of the said commissioner, one assistant assessor,Assistant assessor for each district.
Vacancy. who shall be a resident of the district of said assessor; and in case of a vacancy occurring in the office of assessor by reason of death or any other cause, the assistant assessor of the assessment district in which the assessor resided at the time of the vacancy occurring shall act as assessor until an appointment filling the vacancy shall be made. And each assessor and assistant assessor so appointed shall, before he enters on the duties of Assessors. his office, take and subscribe, before some competent magistrate, or some collector, to be appointed by virtue of this act, (who is hereby empowered to administer the same,) the following oath or affirmation, to wit:Oath. "I, A B, do swear (or affirm, as the case may be) that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the United States of America, and will support the Constitution thereof, and that I will diligently and faithfully perform the duties of assessor (or assistant assessor) for (naming the assessment district) according to my best skill and judgment." And a certificate of such oath or affirmation shall be delivered to the collector of the district for which such assessor or assistant assessor shall be appointed.

Collector's bond. Sec. 9. And be it further enacted, That before any collector shall enter upon the duties of his office, he shall execute a bond for such amount as shall be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, with not less than five sureties, to be approved by the solicitor of the treasury, conditioned that said collector shall faithfully perform the duties of his office according to law, and shall justly and faithfully account for and pay over to the United States, in compliance with the order or regulations of the Secretary of the Treasury, all public moneys which may come into his hands or possession; which bond shall be filed in the office of the first comptroller of the treasury. And such collector shall, from time to time, renew, strengthen, and increase his official bond, as the Secretary of the Treasury may direct, with such further conditions as the said commissioner shall prescribe.

Deputy collectors. Sec. 10. And be it further enacted, That each collector shall be authorized to appoint, by an instrument of writing under his hand, as many deputies as he may think proper, to be by him compensated for their services, and also to revoke any such appointment, giving such notice thereof as the commissioner of internal revenue shall prescribe; and may require bonds or other securities, and accept the same from such deputy;Bond. and each such deputy shall have the like authority, in every respect, to collect the duties and taxes levied or assessed within the portion of the district assigned to him which is by this act vested in the collector himself; but each collector shall, in every respect,Collector responsible for acts of deputy. be responsible both to the United States and to individuals, as the case may be, for all moneys collected, and for every act done by any of his deputies whilst acting as such, and for every omission of duty.

Persons liable to tax to make returns to assistant assessor. Sec. 11. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of any person, partnership, firm, association, or corporation, made liable to any duty, license, stamp, or tax imposed by law, when not otherwise provided for, on or before the first Monday of May in each year, and in other cases before the day of levy, to make a list or return, verified by oath or affirmation, to the assistant assessor of the district where located, of the amount of annual income, the articles or objects charged with a special duty or tax, the quantity of goods, wares, and merchandise made or sold, and charged with a specific or ad valorem duty or tax, the several rates and aggregate amount, according to the respective provisions of this act, and according to the forms and regulations to be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, for which such person, partnership, firm, association, or corporation is liable to be assessed.

Instructions of commissioner binding upon assessor, &c. Sec. 12. And be it further enacted, That the instructions, regulations, and directions, as hereinbefore mentioned, shall be binding on each assessor and his assistants, and on each collector and his deputies, and on all other persons, in the performance of the duties enjoined by or under this act; pursuant to which instructions the said assessors shall, on the first Monday of May in each year, and from time to time thereafter, in accordance with this act,Assistant assessors to make lists of owners and to enumerate and direct and cause the several assistant assessors to proceed through every part of their respective districts, and inquire after and concerning all persons being within the assessment districts where they value objects of taxation. respectively reside, owning, possessing, or having the care or management of any property, goods, wares, and merchandise, articles or objects liable to pay any duty, stamp, or tax, including all persons liable to pay a license or other duty, under the provisions of this act, and to make a list of the owners, and to value and enumerate the said objects of taxation respectively, by reference to any lists of assessment or collection taken under the laws of the respective states, to any other records or documents, to the written list, schedule, or return required to be made out and delivered to the assistant assessor, and by all other lawful ways and means, in the manner prescribed by this act, and in conformity with the regulations and instructions before mentioned.

Assistant assessors to make lists where owners neglect, but disclose. Sec. 13. And be it further enacted, That if any person liable to pay any duty or tax, or owning, possessing, or having the care or management of property, goods, wares, and merchandise, articles or objects liable to pay any duty, tax, or license, shall fail to make and exhibit a list or return required by law, but shall consent to disclose the particulars of any and all the property, goods, wares, and merchandise, articles and objects liable to pay any duty or tax, or any business or occupation liable to pay any license, as aforesaid, then, and in that case, it shall be the duty of the officer to make such list or return, which being distinctly read, consented to, and signed and verified by oath or affirmation by the person so owning, possessing, or having the care and management as aforesaid, may be received as the list of such person.

Persons absent when assessors call, to send in list. Sec. 14. And be it further enacted, That in case any person shall be absent from his or her residence or place of business at the time an assistant assessor shall call to receive the annual list or return, it shall be the duty of such assistant assessor to leave at such place of residence or business, with some one of suitable age and discretion, if such be present, otherwise to deposit in the nearest post-office, a note or memorandum, addressed to such person, requiring him or her to present to such assessor the list or return required by law within ten days from the date of such note or memorandum, verified by oath or affirmation. And if any person, on being notified or required as aforesaid,If persons neglect to make lists, or make false ones, assessor to summon, &c. shall refuse or neglect to give such list or return within the time required as aforesaid, or if any person shall not deliver a monthly or other list or return without notice at the time required by law, or if any person shall deliver or disclose to any assessor or assistant assessor any list, statement, or return, which, in the opinion of the assessor, is false or fraudulent, or contains any understatement or undervaluation, it shall be lawful for the assessor to summon such person, his agent, or other person having possession, custody, or care of books of account containing entries relating to the trade or business of such person, or any other persons as he may deem proper, to appear before such assessor and produce such book, at a time and place therein named, and to give testimony or answer interrogatories under oath or affirmation respecting any objects liable to duty or tax as aforesaid, or the lists, statements, or returns thereof, or any trade, business, or profession liable to any tax or license as aforesaid. Such summons may be served by any assistant assessor of the district.Penalty for refusal to obey summons, &c. In case any person so summoned shall neglect or refuse to obey such summons according to its exigency, or to give testimony, or to answer interrogatories as required, it shall be lawful for the assessor, upon affidavit proving the facts, to apply to the judge of the district court, or a commissioner authorized to perform the duties of such judge at chambers,Arrest for contempt. for an attachment against such person as for a contempt. It shall be the duty of such judge or commissioner to hear such application, and, if satisfactory proof be made, to issue an attachment directed to some proper officer for the arrest of such person, and upon his being brought before him to proceed to a hearing of the case, and upon such hearing the judge or commissioner shall have power to make such order as he shall deem proper to enforce obedience to the requirements of the summons and punish such person for his default or disobedience. It shall be the duty of the assessor or assistant assessor of the districtAssessors to make lists and assess duties. within which such person shall have taxable property to enter into and upon the premises, if it be necessary, of such person so refusing or neglecting, or rendering a false or fraudulent list or return, and to make, according to the best information which he can obtain, including that derived from the evidence elicited by the examination of the assessor, and on his own view and information, such list or return, according to the form prescribed, of the property, goods, wares, and merchandise, and all articles or objects liable to duty or tax, owned or possessed or under the care or management of such person, and assess the duty thereon, including the amount, if any, due for license and income;Additions for fraudulent lists, for neglecting to make lists, &c. and in case of the return of a false or fraudulent list or valuation, he shall add one hundred per centum to such duty; and in case of a refusal or neglect, except in cases of sickness or absence, to make a list or return, or to verify the same as aforesaid, he shall add fifty per centum to such duty;Post, p. 469. ​and in case of neglect occasioned by sickness or absence as aforesaid, the assessor may allow such further time for making and delivering such list or return as he may judge necessary, not exceeding thirty days; and the amount so added to the duty shall, in all cases, be collected by the collector at the same time and in the same manner with the duties; and the lists or returns so made and subscribed by such assessors or assistant assessors shall be taken and reputed as good and sufficient lists or returns for all legal purposes.

Penalty for disclosing false lists, neglecting to produce books, &c. Sec. 15. And be it further enacted, That if any person shall deliver or disclose to any assessor or assistant assessor appointed in pursuance of law any false or fraudulent list, return, account, or statement, with intent to defeat or evade the valuation, enumeration, or assessment intended to be made, or if any person who being duly summoned to appear to testify, or to appear and produce such books as aforesaid, shall neglect to appear or to produce said books, he shall, upon conviction thereof before any circuit or district court of the United States, be fined in any sum not exceeding one thousand dollars, or be imprisoned for not exceeding one year, or both, at the discretion of the court, with costs of prosecution.

Property of absent owners, how assessed, &c. Sec. 16. And be it further enacted, That whenever there shall be in any assessment district any property, goods, wares, and merchandise, articles or objects, not owned or possessed by, or under the care or management of, any person within such district, and liable to be taxed as aforesaid, and no list of which shall have been transmitted to the assistant assessor in the manner provided by this act, it shall be the duty of the assistant assessor for such district to enter into and upon the premises where such property is situated, and take such view thereof as may be necessary, and to make lists of the same, according to the form prescribed, which lists, being subscribed by the said assessor, shall be taken and reputed as good and sufficient lists of such property, goods, wares, and merchandise, articles or objects as aforesaid, for all legal purposes.

Owners of property out of the districts in which they reside, may make lists, &c. Sec. 17. And be it further enacted, That any owner or person having the care or management of property, goods, wares, and merchandise, articles or objects, not lying or being within the assessment district in which he resides, shall be permitted to make out and deliver the lists thereof required by this act (provided the assessment district in which the said objects of duty or taxation are situated is therein distinctly stated) at the time and in the manner prescribed to the assistant assessor of the assessment district wherein such person resides.Duty of assessors in such cases. And it shall be the duty of the assistant assessor who receives any such list to transmit the same to the assistant assessor where such objects of taxation are situate, who shall examine such list; and if he approves the same, he shall return it to the assistant assessor from whom he received it, with his approval thereof; and if he fails to approve the same, he shall make such alterations therein and additions thereto as he may deem to be just and proper, and shall then return the said list to the assistant assessor from whom it was received, who shall proceed, in making the assessment of the tax upon the list by him so received, in all respects as if the said list had been made out by himself.

Lists to be taken with reference to what time, and how named. Sec. 18. And be it further enacted, That the lists aforesaid shall, where not otherwise specially provided for, be taken with reference to the day fixed for that purpose by this act, as aforesaid, and, where duties accrue at other and different times, the lists shall be taken with reference to the time when said duties become due, and shall be denominated annual, monthly, and special lists. And the assistant assessors, respectively, after collecting the said lists,Two general lists, shall proceed to arrange the same, and to make two general lists — the first of which shall exhibit, in alphabetical order, the names of all persons, firms, companies, or corporations liable to pay any duty, tax, or license under this act,of residents; residing within the assessment district, together with the value and assessment or enumeration, as the case may require, of the objects liable to duty or taxation within such districts for which each such person is liable, or for which any firm, company, or corporation is liable, with the amount of duty or tax payable thereon; and the second list shall exhibit, in alphabetical order,of non-residents. the names of all persons residing out of the collection district, who own property within the district, together with the value and assessment or enumeration thereof, as the case may be, with the amount of duty or tax payable thereon as aforesaid.Forms of lists. The forms of the said general list shall be devised and prescribed by the assessor, under the direction of the commissioner of internal revenue, and lists taken according to such forms shall be made out by the assistant assessors and delivered to the assessor within thirty days after the day fixed by this act as aforesaid, requiring lists from individuals; or where duties, licenses, or taxes accrue at other and different times, the lists shall be delivered from time to time as they become due.

Sec. 19. And be it further enacted, That the assessors for each collection district shall,Assessors to give notice when and where appeals may be heard. by advertisement in some public newspaper published in each county within said district, if any such there be, if not, then in some newspaper in the collection district nearest thereto, and by notifications to be posted up in at least four public places within each assessment district, advertise, by not less than ten days' notice, all persons concerned, of the time and place within said county when and where appeals will be received and determined relative to any erroneous or excessive valuations, assessments, or enumerations by the assessor or assistant assessor returned in the annual list. And it shall be the duty of the assessor for each collection district, at the time fixed for hearing such appeal, as aforesaid, to submit the proceedings of the assessors and assistant assessors, and the annual lists taken and returned as aforesaid,Lists, &c., to be open to inspection. to the inspection of any and all persons who may apply for that purpose. And the said assessor for each collection district is hereby authorized at any time to hear and determine in a summary way,Appeals, how to be determined, &c.; according to law and right, upon any and all appeals which may be exhibited against the proceedings of the said assessors or assistant assessors: Provided, That no appeal shall be allowed to any party after he shall have been duly assessed, and the annual list containing the assessment has been transmitted to the collector of the district. And all appeals to the assessor, as aforesaid, shall be made in writing, and shall specify the particular cause, matter, or thingto state what. respecting which a decision is requested, and shall, moreover, state the ground or principle of error complained of. And the assessor shall have power to reexamine and determineAssessments may be rectified; upon the assessments and valuations and rectify the same as shall appear just and equitable; but no valuation, assessment, or enumeration shall be increased without a previous notice of at least five daysnot to be increased unless, &c. to the party interested to appear and object to the same, if he judge proper, which notice shall be given by a note in writing to be left at the dwelling-house, office, or place of business of the party by such assessor, assistant assessor, Appeals, books, witnesses or other person, or sent by mail to the nearest or usual post-office address of said party: Provided, further, That on the hearing of appeals it shall be lawful for the assessor to require by summons the attendance of witnesses and the production of books of account in the same manner and under the same penalties as are provided in cases of refusal or neglect to furnish lists or returns.Attendance and mileage. ​The bills for the attendance and mileage of said witnesses shall be taxed by the assessor and paid by the delinquent parties, or otherwise by the collector of the district, on certificate of the assessor, at the rates usually allowed in said district for witnesses in courts of justice.

Assessors to make out lists. Sec. 20. And be it further enacted, That the said assessors of each collection district, respectively, shall, immediately after the expiration of the time for hearing appeals concerning taxes returned in the annual list, and from time to time as duties, taxes, or licenses become liable to be assessed, make out lists containing the sums payable according to law upon every object of duty or taxation for each collection district;Contents of lists. which lists shall contain the name of each person residing within the said district, or owning or having the care or superintendence of property lying within the said district, which is liable to any tax or duty, or engaged in any business or pursuit requiring a license, when such person or persons are known, together with the sums payable by each; and where there is any property within any collection district liable to the payment of the said duty or tax,Lists of non-residents. not owned or occupied by or under the superintendence of any person resident therein, there shall be a separate list of such property, specifying the sum payable, and the names of the respective proprietors, when known. And the assessor making out any such separate list shall transmit to the assessor of the district, where the persons liable to pay such tax reside, or shall have their principal place of business, copies of the list of property held by persons so liable to pay such tax, to the end that the taxes assessed under the provisions of this act may be paid within the collection district where the persons liable to pay the same reside, or may have their principal place of business. And in all other cases the said assessor shall furnish to the collectors of the several collection districts,Lists to be sent to collector in ten days. respectively, within ten days after the time of hearing appeals concerning taxes returned in the annual list, and from time to time thereafter as required, a certified copy of such list or lists for their proper collection districts. And in case it shall be found or discovered by any assessor that the annual list so furnished to the proper collector, as aforesaid, is imperfect or incomplete,If lists are imperfect, special lists may be made. owing to the names of persons, firms, corporations, or objects liable to tax or duty being omitted therefrom, the said assessor may, from time to time, at any time thereafter, enter on a special list all such objects of duty or taxation, with the names of persons owning or having the care or superintendence of property lying within said district liable to said tax or duty, or engaged in any business or pursuit requiring a license, with the sums payable by each, as he shall discover to have been omitted as aforesaid; and the same proceedings shall obtain and be had with respect to such objects of duty or tax as are by this act required in respect to objects of duty or taxes, and persons liable to tax regularly entered and returned on any monthly or special list:Provisos. Provided, That the office or principal place of business of the said assessor shall be always open when he is not necessarily absent therefrom during the business hours of each day, for the hearing of appeals by parties who shall appear voluntarily before him: Provided, further, That it shall be in the power of the commissioner of internal revenue to exonerate any assessor as aforesaid from forfeitures, in whole or in part, as to him shall appear just and equitable.

Penalty upon assessors and assistant assessors Sec. 21. And be it further enacted, That every assessor or assistant assessor who shall enter upon and perform the duties of his office without having taken the oath or affirmation prescribed by this act, or who shall for acting without taking oath, &c. wilfully neglect to perform any of the duties prescribed by this act at the time and in the manner herein designated, or who shall knowingly make any false or fraudulent list or valuation or assessment, or shall demand or receive any compensation, fee, or reward, other than those provided for herein, for the performance of any duty, or shall be guilty of extortion or wilful oppression in office, shall, upon conviction thereof in any circuit or district court of the United States having jurisdiction thereof, be subject to a fine of not exceeding one thousand dollars, or to imprisonment for not exceeding one year, or both, at the discretion of the court, and shall be dismissed from office, and shall be forever disqualified from holding any office under the government of the United States. And one half of the fine so imposed shall be for the use of the United States, and the other half for the use of the informer, who shall be ascertained by the judgment of the court; and the said court shall also render judgment against the said assessor or assistant assessor for the amount of damages sustained in favor of the party injured, to be collected by execution.

Pay of assessors. Sec. 22. And be it further enacted, That there shall be allowed and paid to the several assessors a salary of fifteen hundred dollars per annum, payable quarterly. And in addition thereto, where the receipts of the collection district shall exceed the sum of one hundred thousand dollars and shall not exceed the sum of four hundred thousand dollars annually, one half of one per centum upon the excess of receipts over one hundred thousand dollars. Where the receipts of a collection district shall exceed four hundred thousand dollars and shall not exceed six hundred thousand, one fifth of one per centum upon the excess of receipts over four hundred thousand dollars. Where the receipts shall exceed six hundred thousand dollars, one tenth of one per centum upon such excess; but the salary of no assessor shall, in any case, exceed the sum of four thousand dollars.Certain expenses to be allowed. And the several assessors shall be allowed and paid the sums actually and necessarily expended, with the approval of the commissioner of internal revenue; but no account for such rent shall be allowed or paid until it shall have been verified in such manner as the commissioner shall require, and shall have been audited and approved by the proper officers of the treasury department, for office-rent, not exceeding the rate of five hundred dollars per annum. And the several assessors shall be paid, after the account thereof shall have been rendered to, and approved by, the proper officers of the treasury, their necessary and reasonable charges for clerk-hire;Clerk-hire. but no such account shall be approved unless it shall state the name or names of the clerk or clerks employed, and the precise periods of time for which they were respectively employed, and the rate of compensation agreed upon, and shall be accompanied by an affidavit of the assessor stating that such service was actually required by the necessities of his office, and was actually rendered; and also by the affidavit of each clerk, stating that he has rendered the service charged in such account on his behalf, the compensation agreed upon, and that he has not paid, deposited, or assigned, or contracted to pay, deposit, or assign any part of such compensation to the use of any other person, or in any way, directly or indirectly, paid or given, or contracted to pay or give, any reward or compensation for his office or employment, or the emoluments thereof. And the chief clerk of any such assessor is hereby authorized to administer, in the absence of the assessor, such oaths or affirmations as are required by this act.Pay of assistant assessors. And there shall be allowed and paid to each assistant assessor four dollars for every day actually employed in collecting lists and making valuations, the number of days necessary for that purpose to be certified by the assessor; and three dollars for every hundred persons assessed contained in the tax list, as completed and delivered by him to the assessor; and twenty-five cents for each permit granted to any tobacco, snuff, or cigar manufacturer; and the said assessors and assistant assessors, respectively, shall be paid after the account thereof shall have been rendered to, and approved by, the proper officers of the treasury, their necessary and reasonable charges for stationery and blank booksAccounts to be verified by oath. used in the discharge of their duties, and for postage actually paid on letters and documents received or sent, and relating exclusively to official business: Provided, That no such account shall be approved unless it shall state the date and the particular item of every such expenditure, and shall be verified by the oath or affirmation of such assessor or assistant assessor; and the compensation herein specified shall be in full for all expenses not otherwise particularly authorized.Additional compensation to assessors. Provided, further, That the Secretary of the Treasury shall be, and he is hereby, authorized to fix such additional rates of compensation to be made to assessors and assistant assessors in cases where a collection district embraces more than a single congressional district, and to assessors and assistant assessors, revenue agents and inspectors, in Louisiana, North Carolina, Mississippi, Tennessee, Missouri, California, and Oregon, and the territories, as may appear to him to be just and equitable, in consequence of the greater cost of living and travelling in those states and territories, and as may, in his judgment, be necessary to secure the services of competent officers; but the rates of compensation thus allowed shall not exceed the rates paid to similar officers in such states and territories respectively.

Penalty upon assessor for receiving portion of pay of assistant, &c. Sec. 23. And be it further enacted, That if any assessor shall demand of, or receive directly or indirectly from, any assistant assessor, as a condition of his appointment to, or continuance in, his said office of assistant assessor, any portion of the compensation herein allowed such assistant assessor, or any other consideration, such assessor so offending shall be summarily dismissed from office, and shall be liable to a fine of not less than five hundred dollars upon conviction of said offence in any district or circuit court of the United States of the district in which such offence may be committed.

Accounts of assistant assessors. Sec. 24. And be it further enacted, That the assistant assessors shall make out their accounts for pay and charges allowed by law monthly, specifying each item and including the date of each day of service, and shall transmit the same, verified by oath or affirmation, to the assessor of the district, who shall thereupon examine the same, and, if it appear just and in accordance with law, he shall indorse his approval thereon, but otherwise shall return the same with objections. Any such account, so approved, may be presented by the assistant assessor to the collector of the district for payment, who shall thereupon pay the same, and, when receipted by the assistant assessor, be allowed therefor upon presentation to the commissioner of internal revenue. Where any account, so transmitted to the assessor, shall be objected to, in whole or in part, the assistant assessor may appeal to the commissioner of internal revenue, whose decision on the case shall he final. And should it appear, at any time, that any assessor has knowingly or negligently approved any account, as aforesaid, allowing any assistant assessor a sum larger than was due according to law, it shall be the duty of the commissioner of internal revenue, upon proper proof thereof, to deduct the sum so allowed from any pay which may be due to such assessor; or the commissioner as aforesaid may direct a suit to be brought in any court of competent jurisdiction against the assessor or assistant assessor in default, for the recovery of the amount knowingly or negligently allowed, as hereinbefore mentioned: Provided, That in estimating the allowance to be made to assistant assessors for periods of service less than a day, each ten hours shall be deemed the equivalent of a day.

Pay of collectors. Sec. 25. [And be it further enacted,] That there shall be allowed to collectors, in full compensation for their services and that of their deputies, a salary of fifteen hundred dollars per annum, to be paid quarterly, and in addition thereto a commission of three per centum upon the first hundred thousand dollars, and a commission of one per centum upon all sums above one hundred thousand dollars and not exceeding four hundred thousand dollars,Pay of collectors.
Post, p. 469. and a commission of one half of one per centum on all sums above four hundred thousand dollars, such commissions to be computed upon the amounts by them respectively collected and paid over and accounted for under the instructions of the treasury department. And there shall be further paid, after the account thereof has been rendered to, and approved by,Charges and expenses.
Post, p. 469. the proper officers of the treasury, to each collector his necessary and reasonable charge, for stationery and blank books used in the performance of his official duties, and for postage actually paid on letters and documents received or sent, and exclusively relating to official business; but no such account shall be approved unless it shall state the date and the particular items of every such expenditure, and shall be verified by the oath or affirmation of the collector:Pay not to exceed, &c.
[Proviso stricken out. Post, p. 469.] Provided, That the salary and commissions of no collector, exclusive of stationery, blank books, and postage, shall exceed ten thousand dollars in the aggregate, nor more than five thousand dollars exclusive of the expenses for rent, stationery, blank books, and postage, and pay of deputies and clerks, to which such collector is actually and necessarily subjected in the administration of his office: Provided, further, That the Secretary of the Treasury be authorized to make such further allowances,Further allowances. from time to time, as may be reasonable in cases in which, from the territorial extent of the district, or from the amount of internal duties collected, or from other circumstances, it may seem just to make such allowances.

Accounts of collectors and assessors, how adjusted. Sec. 26. And be it further enacted, That in the adjustment of the accounts of assessors and collectors of internal revenue which shall accrue after the thirtieth of June, eighteen hundred and sixty-four, and in the payment of their compensation for services after that date, the fiscal year of the treasury shall be observed; and where such compensation, or any part of it, shall be by commissions upon assessments or collections, and shall during any year,Post, p. 469. ​in consequence of a new apportionment [appointment,] be due to more than one assessor or collector in the same district, such commissions shall be apportioned between such assessors or collectors according to the amounts collected by them respectively; but in no case shall a greater amount of the commissions be allowed to two or more assessors or collectors in the same district than is, or may be, authorized by law to be allowed to one assessor or collector. And the salary and commissions of assessors and collectors heretofore earned and accrued shall be adjusted, allowed, and paid in conformity to the provisions of this section, and not otherwise.

Collectors to give receipts for lists; Sec. 27. And be it further enacted, That each collector, on receiving, from time to time, lists and returns from the said assessors, shall subscribe three receipts: one of which shall be made upon a full and correct copy of each list or return, and be delivered by him to, and shall remain with, the assessor of his collection district, and shall be open to the inspection of any person who may apply to inspect the same; and the other two shall be made upon aggregate statements of the lists or returns aforesaid, exhibiting the gross amount of taxes to be collected in his collection district, one of which aggregate statements and receipts shall be transmitted to the commissioner of internal revenue, and the other to the first comptroller of the treasury.

Sec. 28. And be it further enacted, That each of said collectors shall, within twenty days after receiving his annual collection list from the assessors, give notice,to give notice that duties are payable. by advertisement published in each county in his collection district, in one newspaper printed in such county, if any such there be, and by notifications to be posted up in at least four public places in each county in his collection district,[Amended, Post, pp. 469, 470.] that the said duties have become due and payable, and state the time and place within said county at which he or his deputy will attend to receive the same, which time shall not be less than than ten days after such notification; and all persons who shall neglect to pay the duties and taxes so as aforesaid assessed within the time specified, shall be liable to pay ten per centum additional upon the amount thereof, the fact of which liability shall be stated in the advertisement and notifications aforesaid.Collectors to demand payment if, &c. And if any person shall neglect to pay as aforesaid for more than ten days, it shall be the duty of the collector or his deputy to issue to such person a notice to be left at his dwelling or usual place of business, or be sent by mail, demanding the payment of said duties or taxes, stating the amount thereof, with a fee of twenty cents for the issuing and service of such notice, and with four cents for each mile actually and necessarily travelled in serving the same. And if such persons shall not pay the duties or taxes, with the penalty aforesaid, and the fee of twenty cents and mileage as aforesaid, within ten days after the service or the sending by mail of such notice, it shall be the duty of the collector or his deputy to collect the said duties or taxes, and fee of twenty cents and mileage, with ten per centum penalty as aforesaid. And with respect to all such duties or taxes as are not included in the annual lists as aforesaid, and all taxes and duties the collection of which is not otherwise provided for in this act, it shall be the duty of each collector, in person or by deputy, to demand payment thereof, in the manner last mentioned, within ten days from and after receiving the list thereof from the assessor, or within twenty days from and after the expiration of the time within which such duty or tax should have been paid; and if the annual or other duties shall not be paid within ten days from and after such demand therefor, it shall be lawful for such collector, or his deputies, to proceed to collect the said duties or taxes, with ten per centum additional thereto, as aforesaid,to collect by distraint if, &c by distraint and sale of the goods, chattels, or effects of the persons delinquent as aforesaid. And in case of distraint, it shall be the duty of the officer charged with the collection to make,Proceedings in case of distraint. or cause to be made, an account of the goods or chattels distrained, a copy of which, signed by the officer making such distraint, shall be left with the owner or possessor of such goods, chattels, or effects, or at his or her dwelling, or usual place of business, with some person of suitable age and discretion, with a note of the sum demanded, and the time and place of sale; and the said officer shall forthwith cause a notification to be published in some newspaper within the county wherein said distraint is made, if there is a newspaper published in said county, or to be publicly posted up at the post-office, if there be one within five miles, nearest to the residence of the person whose property shall be distrained, and in not less than two other public places, which notice shall specify the articles distrained, and the time and place for the sale thereof, which time shall not be less than ten nor more than twenty days from the date of such notification, and the place proposed for sale not more than five miles distant from the place of making such distraint: Provided, That, in any case of distraint for the payment of the duties or taxes aforesaid, the goods, chattels, or effects so distrained shall and may be restored to the owner or possessor, if prior to the sale payment of the amount due or tender thereof shall be made to the proper officer charged with the collection of the full amount demanded, together with such fee for levying, and such sum for the necessary and reasonable expenses of removing, advertising, and keeping the goods, chattels, or effects so distrained, as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue; but in case of non-payment or tender, as aforesaid, the said officers shall proceed to sell the said goods, chattels, or effects at public auction, and shall and may retain from the proceeds of such sale the amount demandable for the use of the United States, with the necessary and reasonable expenses of distraint and sale, and a commission of five per centum thereon for his own use, rendering the overplus, if any there be, to the person whose goods, chattels, or effects shall have been distrained:Exemptions from distress. Provided, further, That there shall be exempt from distraint the tools or implements of a trade or profession, one cow, arms, and provisions, and household furniture kept for use, and apparel necessary for a family.

Sec. 29. And be it further enacted, That in all cases where the property liable to distraint for duties or taxes under this actIf property liable to distraint, is not divisible. may not be divisible, so as to enable the collector by a sale of part thereof to raise the whole amount of the tax, with all costs, charges, and commissions, the whole of such property shall be sold, and the surplus of the proceeds of the sale, after satisfying the duty or tax, costs, and charges, shall be paid to the owner of the property, or his, her, or their legal representatives; or if he, she, or they cannot be found, or refuse to receive the same, then such surplus shall be deposited in the treasury of the United States, to be there held for the use of the owner, or his, her, or their legal representatives, until he, she, or they shall make application therefor to the Secretary of the Treasury, who, upon such application, shall, by warrant on the treasury, cause the same to be paid to the applicant. And if the property advertised for sale as aforesaid cannot be sold for the amount of the duty or tax due thereon, with the costs and charges,Collector to purchase property if, &c. the collector shall purchase the same in behalf of the United States for an amount not exceeding the said tax or duty, with the costs and charges thereon. And all property so purchased may be sold by said collector under such regulations as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue. And the collector shall render a distinct account of all charges incurred in the sale of such property to the commissioner of internal revenue, who shall, by regulation, determine the fees and costs to be allowed in cases of distraint and other seizures; and the said collector shall pay into the treasury the surplus, if any there be, after defraying the charges.

Sec. 30. And be it further enacted, That in any case where goods, chattels,If personal property is insufficient, real estate may be sold.
Proceedings.
Notice. or effects sufficient to satisfy the duties imposed by this act upon any person liable to pay the same shall not be found by the collector or deputy collector whose duty it may be to collect the same, he is hereby authorized to collect the same by seizure and sale of real estate; and the officer making such seizure and sale shall give notice to the person whose estate is proposed to be sold, by giving him in hand, or leaving at his last and usual place of abode, if he has any such within the collection district where said estate is situated, a notice, in writing, stating what particular estate is proposed to be sold, describing the same with reasonable certainty, and the time when and place where said officer proposes to sell the same; which time shall not be less than twenty, nor more than forty, days from the time of giving said notice. And the said officer shall also cause a notification to the same effect to be published in some newspaper within the county where such seizure is made, if any such there be, and shall also cause a like notice to be posted up at the post-office nearest to the estate so seized, and in two other public places within the county. And the place of said sale shall not be more than five miles distant from the estate seized, except by special order of the commissioner of internal revenue. At the time and place appointed, the officer making such seizure shall proceed to sell the said estate at public auction,Sale at auction. offering the same at a minimum price, including the amount of duties with the ten per centum additional thereon, the expense of making such levy and all charges for advertising, and an officer's fee of ten dollars. And if no person offers for said estate the amount of said minimum, the officer shall declare the same to be purchased by him for the United States, and shall deposit with the district attorney of the United States a deed thereof, as hereinafter specified and provided; otherwise, the same shall be declared to be sold to the highest bidder.Adjournment of sale. And said sale may be adjourned by said officer for a period not exceeding five days, if he shall think it advisable so to do. If the amount bid shall not be then and there paid, the officer shall forthwith proceed to again sell said estate in the same manner. If the amount bid shall be then and there paid, the officer shall give his receipt therefor, if requested, and within five days thereafter he shall make out a deed of the estate so sold to the purchaser thereof,Deed. and execute the same in his official capacity, in the manner prescribed by the laws of the state in which said estate may be situated, in which said deed shall be recited the fact of said seizure and sale, with the cause thereof, the amount of duty for which said sale was made, and of all charges and fees, and the amount paid by the purchaser, and all his acts and doings in relation to said seizure and sale, and shall have the same ready for delivery to said purchaser, and shall deliver the same accordingly, upon request therefor.Effect of deed. And said deed shall be prima facie evidence of the truth of the facts stated therein, and, if the proceedings of the officer as set forth have been substantially in pursuance of the provisions of this act, shall be considered and operate as a conveyance to the purchaser of the title to said estate, but shall not affect the rights of innocent parties acquired previously to the claim of the United States under this act. The surplus, if any, arising from such sale shall be disposed of as provided in this act for like cases arising upon sales of personal property. And any person whose estate may be seized for duties, as aforesaid, shall have the same right to pay or tender the amount due, with all proper charges thereon,Tender to stop sale. prior to the sale thereof, and thereupon to relieve his said estate from sale as aforesaid, as is provided in this act for personal property similarly situated. And any collector or deputy collector may, for the collection of duties imposed upon any person, or for which any person may be liable by this act, and committed to him for collection, seize and sell the lands of such person situated in any other collection district within the state in which said officer resides; and his proceedings in relation thereto shall have the same effect as if the same were had in his proper collection district. And the owners, their heirs, executors, or administrators, or any person having an interest therein, or a lien thereon, or any person on their behalf, shall have liberty to redeem the land sold as aforesaid,Redemption. within one year from and after recording the said deed, upon payment to the purchaser, or, in case he cannot be found in the county where the lands are situate, to the collector, for the use of the purchaser, his heirs or assigns, of the amount paid by the purchaser, with interest on the same at the rate of twenty per centum per annum. And it shall be the duty of every collector to keep a record of all sales of landRecord of sales. made in his collection district, whether by himself or his deputies, in which shall be set forth the tax for which any such sale was made, the dates of seizure and sale, the name of the party assessed, and all proceedings in making said sale, the amount of fees and expenses, the name of the purchaser, and the date of the deed; which record shall be certified by the officer making the sale. And it shall be the duty of any deputy making sale, as aforesaid, to return a statement of all his proceedings to the collector, and to certify the record thereof. And in case of the death or removal of the collector, or the expiration of his term of office from any other cause, said record shall be deposited in the office of the clerk of the district court of the United States for the district within which the said collector resided; and a copy of every such record, certified by the collector, or by the clerk, as the case may require, shall be evidence in any court of the truth of the facts therein stated. And when any lands sold, as aforesaid, shall be redeemed as hereinbefore provided, the collector or clerk, as the case may be, shall make an entry of the fact upon the record aforesaid, and the said entry shall be evidence of such redemption. And the claim of the government to lands sold under and by virtue of the foregoing provisions shall be held to have accrued at the time of seizure thereof.

Collection of taxes from non-residents. Sec. 31. And be it further enacted, That if any collector shall find, upon any list of taxes returned to him for collection, property lying within his district which is charged with any specific or ad valorem tax or duty, but which is not owned, occupied, or superintended by some person known to such collector to reside, or to have some place of business, within the United States, and upon which the duty or tax has not been paid within the time required by law,Collection of taxes from non-residents. such collector shall forthwith take such property into his custody, and shall advertise the same, and the tax charged upon the same, in some newspaper published in his district, if any shall be published therein, otherwise in some newspaper in an adjoining district, for the space of thirty days; and if the taxes thereon, with all charges for advertising, shall not be paid within said thirty days, such collector shall proceed to sell the same, or so much as is necessary, in the manner provided for the sale of other goods distrained for the non-payment of taxes, and out of the proceeds shall satisfy all taxes charged upon such property, with the costs of advertising and selling the same. And like proceedings to those provided in the preceding section for the purchase and resale of property which cannot be sold for the amount of duty or tax due thereon shall be had with regard to property sold under the provisions of this section. And any surplus arising from any sale herein provided for shall be paid into the treasury, for the benefit of the owner of the property. And the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized, in any case where money shall be paid into the treasury for the benefit of any owner of property sold as aforesaid, to repay the same, on proper proof being furnished that the person applying therefor is entitled to receive the same.

Collectors to send lists to districts where persons reside. Sec. 32. And be it further enacted, That whenever a collector shall have on any list duly returned to him the name of any person not within his collection district who is liable to tax, or of any person so liable to tax who shall have, in the collection district in which he resides, no sufficient property subject to seizure or distraint from which the money due for duties or tax can be collected, it shall and may be lawful for such collector to transmit a copy or statement containing the name of the person liable to such duty or tax as aforesaid, with the amount and nature thereof, duly certified under his hand, to the collector of any district to which said person shall have removed, or in which he shall have property, real or personal, liable to be seized and sold for duty or tax; and the collector of the district to whom the said certified copy or statement shall be transmitted shall proceed to collect the said duty or tax in the same way as if the name of the person and objects of tax contained in the certified copy or statement were on any list furnished to him by the assessor of his own collection district; and the said collector, upon receiving said certified copy or statement as aforesaid, shall transmit his receipt for it to the collector sending the same to him.

Collectors to make returns and pay over moneys monthly. Sec. 33. And be it further enacted, That the several collectors shall, at the expiration of each and every month after they shall, respectively, commence their collections, transmit to the commissioner of internal revenue a statement of the collections made by them, respectively, within the month, and pay over monthly, or at such time or times as may be required by the commissioner of internal revenue, the moneys by them respectively collected within the said term, and at such places as may be designated and required by the commissioner of internal revenue; and each of the said collectors shall complete the collection of all sums assigned to him for collection, as aforesaid, shall pay over the same into the treasury, and shall render his accounts to the treasury department as often as he may be required. And the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to designate one or more depositories in each state,Deposits. for the deposit and safe-keeping of the moneys collected by virtue of this act; and the receipt of the proper officer of such depository to a collector for the money deposited by him shall be a sufficient voucher for such collector in the settlement of his accounts at the treasury department. And the commissioner of internal revenue may, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, prescribe such regulations with reference to such deposits as he may deem necessary.

Collectors to be charged with amount in tax-lists; Sec. 34. And be it further enacted, That each collector shall be charged with the whole amount of taxes, whether contained in lists delivered to him by the assessors, respectively, or delivered or transmitted to him by assistant assessors from time to time, or by other collectors, and with the additions thereto, with the par value of all stamps deposited with him, and with all moneys collected for passports, penalties, forfeitures, fees, or costs,to be credited with what. and he shall be credited with all payments made as provided by law, with all stamps returned by him uncancelled to the treasury, with the salary, fees, commissions, and charges allowed by law, and with the amount of duties or taxes contained in the lists transmitted in the manner above provided to other collectors, and by them receipted as aforesaid; and also with the amount of the duties or taxes of such persons as may have absconded, or become insolvent, prior to the day when the duty or tax ought, according to the provisions of this act, to have been collected:Proviso. Provided, That it shall be proved to the satisfaction of the commissioner of internal revenue that due diligence was used by the collector, and that no property was left from which the duty or tax could have been recovered, who shall certify the facts to the first comptroller of the treasury. And each collector shall also be credited with the amount of all property purchased by him for the use of the United States, provided he shall faithfully account for and pay over the proceeds thereof upon a resale of the same as required by this act.

Dues from delinquent collector to be collected by distraint and sale. Sec. 35. And be it further enacted, That if any collector shall fail either to collect or to render his account, or to pay over in the manner or within the times hereinbefore provided, it shall be the duty of the first comptroller of the treasury, and he is hereby authorized and required, immediately after evidence of such delinquency, to report the same to the solicitor of the treasury, who shall issue a warrant of distress against such delinquent collector, directed to the marshal of the district, therein expressing the amount with which the said collector is chargeable, and the sums, if any, which have been paid over by him, so far as the same are ascertainable. And the said marshal shall, himself, or by his deputy, immediately proceed to levy and collect the sum which may remain due, with five per centum thereon, and all the expenses and charges of collection, by distress and sale of the goods and chattels, or any personal effects of the delinquent collector, giving at least five days' notice of the time and place of sale, in the manner provided by law for advertising sales of personal property on execution in the state wherein such collector resides. And the bill of sale of the officer of any goods, chattels, or other personal property, distrained and sold as aforesaid, shall be conclusive evidence of title to the purchaser, and prima facie evidence of the right of the officer to make such sale, and of the correctness of his proceedings in selling the same. And for want of goods and chattels, or other personal effects of such collector, sufficient to satisfy any warrant of distress, issued pursuant to the preceding section of this act, the lands and real estate of such collector, or so much thereof as may be necessary for satisfying the said warrant, after being advertised for at least three weeks in not less than three public places in the collection district, and in one newspaper printed in the county or district, if any there be, prior to the proposed time of sale, shall be sold at public auction by the marshal or his deputy, who, upon such sale, shall, as such marshal or deputy marshal, make and deliver to the purchaser of the premises so sold a deed of conveyance thereof, to be executed and acknowledged in the manner and form prescribed by the laws of the state in which said lands are situated, which said deed so made shall invest the purchaser with all the title and interest of the defendant or defendants named in said warrant, existing at the time of the seizure thereof. And all moneys that may remain of the proceeds of such sale after satisfying the said warrant of distress, and paying the reasonable costs and charges of sale, shall be returned to the proprietor of the lands or real estate sold as aforesaid.

Penalty upon collectors, &c., for extortion, &c. Sec. 36. And be it further enacted, That each and every collector, or his deputy, who shall be guilty of any extortion or wilful oppression, under color of law, or shall knowingly demand other or greater sums than shall be authorized by law, or shall receive any fee, compensation, or reward, except as herein prescribed, for the performance of any duty, or shall wilfully neglect to perform any of the duties enjoined by this act, shall, upon conviction, be subject to a fine of not exceeding one thousand dollars, or to be imprisoned for not exceeding one year, or both, at the discretion of the court, and be dismissed from office, and be forever thereafter incapable of holding any office under the government; and one half of the fine so imposed shall be for the use of the United States, and the other half for the use of the informer, who shall be ascertained by the judgment of the court; and the said court shall also render judgment against said collector or deputy collector for the amount of damages accruing to the party injured, to be collected by execution. And each and every collector, or his deputies, shall give receipts for all sums by them collected.

Collectors, assessors, &c., may enter places, &c. Sec. 37. And be it further enacted, That a collector or deputy collector, assessor, assistant assessor, revenue agent, or inspector, shall be authorized to enter, in the daytime, any brewery, distillery, manufactory, building, or place where any property, articles, or objects, subject to duty or taxation under the provisions of this act, are made, produced, or kept, within his district, so far as it may be necessary for the purpose of examining said property, articles, or objects, or inspecting the accounts required by this act from time to time to be made or kept by any manufacturer or producer, relating to such property, articles, or objects. And every owner of such brewery, distillery, manufactory, building, or place, or persons having the agency or superintendence of the same, who shall refuse to admit such officer, or to suffer him to examine said property, articles, or objects, or to inspect said accounts, shall,Penalty on owner, &c., for refusal to admit, &c.; ​for every such refusal, forfeit and pay the sum of five hundred dollars: Provided, however, That when such premises shall be open at night, such officers may enter while so open in the performance of their official duties.

Sec. 38. And be it further enacted, That if any person shall forcibly obstruct or hinder any assessor or assistant assessor,for obstructing assessors, &c., in the discharge of their duty. or any collector or deputy collector, revenue agent or inspector, in the execution of this act, or of any power and authority hereby vested in him, or shall forcibly rescue, or cause to be rescued, any property, articles, or objects, after the same shall have been seized by him, or shall attempt or endeavor so to do, the person so offending shall, upon conviction thereof, for every such offence, forfeit and pay the sum of five hundred dollars, or double the value of property so rescued, or be imprisoned for a term not exceeding two years, at the discretion of the court: Provided, That if any such officer shall divulge to any party, or make known in any manner other than is provided in this act, the operations, style of work, or apparatus of any manufacturer or producer visited by him in the discharge of official duties, he shall be subject to the penalties prescribed in section thirty-five [thirty-six] of this act.Post, p. 471.

Deputy collector may act as collector when, &c. Sec. 39. And be it further enacted, That in case of the sickness or temporary disability of a collector to discharge such of his duties as cannot under existing laws be discharged by a deputy, they may be devolved by him upon one of his deputies; and for the official acts and defaults of such deputy the collector and his sureties shall be held responsible to the United States.

If collector dies, &c., deputies to act. Sec. 40. And be it further enacted, That in case a collector shall die, resign, or be removed, the deputies of such collector shall continue to act until his successor is appointed; and the deputy of such collector longest in service at the time immediately preceding shall, until a successor shall be appointed, discharge all the duties of said collector; and for the official acts and defaults of such deputy a remedy shall be had on the official bond of the collector, as in other cases; and of two or more deputy collectors, appointed on the same day, the one residing nearest the residence of the collector at the time of his death, resignation, or removal, shall discharge the said duties until the appointment of a successor.[Proviso. Post, p. 471.] ​And any bond or security taken from a deputy by such collector, pursuant to this act, shall be available to his legal representatives and sureties to indemnify them for loss or damage accruing from any act of the deputy so continuing or succeeding to the duties of such collector.

Collectors to collect duties and fines and forfeitures. Sec. 41. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the collectors aforesaid, or their deputies, in their respective districts, and they are hereby authorized, to collect all the duties and taxes imposed by this act, however the same may be designated, and to prosecute for the recovery of any sum or sums which may be forfeited by virtue of this act; and all fines, penalties, and forfeitures which may be incurred or imposed by virtue of this act shall be sued for and recovered, in the name of the United States, in any proper form of action, or by any appropriate form of proceeding, qui tam, or otherwise, before any circuit or district court of the United States for the district within which said fine, penalty, or forfeiture may have been incurred, or before any other court of competent jurisdiction; and where not otherwise and differently provided for, one moiety thereof shall be to the use of the United States, and the other moiety thereof to the use of the person, to be ascertained by the judgment of the court, who shall first inform of the cause, matter, or thing whereby any such fine, penalty, or forfeiture was incurred: Provided, That in case of any suit brought upon information received from any person, other than a collector, deputy collector, assessor, assistant assessor, or inspector, of internal revenue,United States not liable for certain costs. ​the United States shall not be subject to any costs of suit, nor shall the fees of any attorney or counsel employed by any such officer be allowed in the settlement of his account unless the employment of such attorney or counsel shall be authorized by the commissioner of internal revenue, either express or by general regulations.

Sec. 42. And be it further enacted, That if any person, in any case, matter, hearing, or other proceeding in which an oath or affirmationFalse swearing under this act to be perjury, and so punished. ​shall be required to be taken or administered under and by virtue of this act, shall, upon the taking of such oath or affirmation, knowingly and wilfully swear or affirm falsely, every person so offending shall be deemed guilty of perjury, and shall, on conviction thereof, be subject to the like punishment and penalties now provided by the laws of the United States for the crime of perjury.

Separate accounts to be kept of duties received from each state, &c. Sec. 43. And be it further enacted, That separate accounts shall be kept at the treasury of all moneys received from internal duties or taxes in each of the respective states, territories, and collection districts; and that separate accounts shall be kept of the amount of each species of duty or tax that shall accrue, so as to exhibit, as far as may be, the amount collected from each source of revenue, with the moneys paid as compensation and for allowances to the collectors and deputy collectors, assessors and assistant assessors, inspectors, and other officers employed in each of the respective states, territories, and collection districts, an abstract in tabular form of which accounts it shall be the dutyAbstract for congress. ​of the Secretary of the Treasury, annually, in the month of December, to lay before congress.

Commissioner may remit erroneous assessments and fines, compromise suits, &c. Sec. 44. And be it further enacted, That the commissioner of internal revenue, subject to regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, shall be, and is hereby, authorized, on appeal to him made, to remit, refund, and pay back all duties erroneously or illegally assessed or collected, and all duties that shall appear to be unjustly assessed or excessive in amount, or in any manner wrongfully collected, and also repay to collectors or deputy collectors the full amount of such sums of money as shall or may be recovered against them or any of them them in any court, for any internal duties or licenses collected by them, with the costs and expenses of suit, and all damages and costs recovered against assessors, assistant assessors, collectors, deputy collectors, and inspectors, in any suit which shall be brought against them or any of them by reason of anything that shall or may be done in the due performance of their official duties, and also compromise such suits and all others relating to internal revenue. And all judgments and moneys recovered or received for taxes, costs, forfeitures, and penalties shall be paid to the collector as internal duties are required to be paid; and all sums of money which the commissioner is authorized to pay by virtue of this section shall be paid by drafts drawn on collectors of internal revenue.

Bill of sale of chattels sold by distraint, &c., to be evidence of what. Sec. 45. And be it further enacted, That in all cases of distraint and sale of goods or chattels for non-payment of taxes, duties, or licenses, as provided for, the bill of sale of such goods or chattels given by the officer making such sale, to the purchases thereof, shall be prima facie evidence of the right of the officer to make such sale, and conclusive evidence of the regularity of his proceedings in selling the same.

Proceedings in states where laws cannot now be executed. Sec. 46. And be it further enacted, That if, for any cause, at any time after this act goes into operation, the laws of the United States cannot be executed in a state or territory of the United States, or any part thereof, or within the District of Columbia, it shall be the duty of the President, and he is hereby authorized, to proceed to execute the provisions of this act within the limits of such state or territory, or part thereof, or District of Columbia, so soon as the authority of the United States therein shall be reestablished, and to collect the taxes, duties, and licenses, in such states and territories under the regulations prescribed in this act, so far as applicable; and where not applicable, the assessment and levy shall be made, and the time and manner of collection regulated, by the instructions and directions of the commissioner of internal revenue, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury.

Sec. 47. And be it further enacted, That the officers who may be appointed under this act, except within those districts within any state or territory which have been or may be otherwise especially provided for by law, shall be, and hereby are, authorized,Officers under this act to collect direct tax. ​in all cases where the payment of such tax shall not have been assumed by the state, to perform all the duties relating to or regarding the assessment and collection of any direct tax imposed, or which may be imposed by law.

Certain goods, &c., designed to be sold, &c., in fraud of the revenue, to be forfeited, &c. Sec. 48. And be it further enacted, That all goods, wares, merchandise, articles or objects on which duties are imposed by the provisions of law, which shall be found in the possession or custody, or within the control, of any person or persons, for the purpose of being sold or removed by such person or persons in fraud of the internal revenue laws, or with design to avoid payment of said duties, may be seized by any collector or deputy collector, who shall have reason to believe that the same are possessed, had, or held for the purpose or design aforesaid, and the same shall be forfeited to the United States; and also all articles of raw materials found in the possession of any person or persons intending to manufacture the same for the purpose of being sold by them in fraud of said laws, or with design to evade the payment of said duties, and also all tools, implements, instruments, and personal property whatsoever, in the place or building, or within any yard or enclosure where such articles on which duties are imposed, as aforesaid, and intended to be used by them in the fraudulent manufacture of such raw materials, shall be found, may also be seized by any collector or deputy collector, as aforesaid; and the same shall be forfeited as aforesaid;Forfeiture, how enforced. and the proceedings to enforce said forfeiture shall be in the nature of a proceeding in rem in the circuit or district court of the United States for the district where such seizure is made, or in any other court of competent jurisdiction. And any person who shall have in his custody or possession any such goods, wares, merchandise, articles or objects subject to duty as aforesaid,Penalty on person having such goods in his custody, &c. for the purpose of selling the same with the design of avoiding payment of the duties imposed thereon, shall be liable to a penalty of five hundred dollars, or not less than double the amount of duties fraudulently attempted to be evaded, to be recovered in any court of competent jurisdiction; and the goods, wares, merchandise, articles or objects which shall be so seized by any collector or deputy collector, may, at the option of the collector, during the pendency of such proceedings, be delivered to the marshal of said district, and remain in his care and custody and under his control until final judgment in such proceeding shall be rendered: Provided, however, That when the property so seized may be liable to perishPerishable articles. or become greatly reduced in value by keeping, or when it cannot be kept without great expense, the owner thereof, the collector, or the marshal of the district, may apply to the assessor of the district to examine said property; and if, in the opinion of said assessor, it shall be necessary that the said property should be sold to prevent such waste or expense, he shall appraise the same; and the owner thereupon shall have said property returned to him upon giving bond in such form as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, and in an amount equal to the appraised value, with such sureties as the said assessor shall deem good and sufficient, to abide the final order, decree, or judgment of the court having cognizance of the case, and to pay the amount of said appraised value to the collector, marshal, or otherwise, as he may be ordered and directed by the court, which bond shall be filed by said assessor with the commissioner of internal revenue. But if said owner shall neglect or refuse to give said bond, the assessor shall issue to the collector or marshal aforesaid an order to sell the same; and the said collector or marshal shall thereupon advertise and sell the said property at public auction in the same manner as goods may be sold on final execution in said district; and the proceeds of the sale, after deducting the reasonable costs of the seizure and sale, shall be paid to the court aforesaid, to abide its final order, decree, or judgment.

Subsequent provisions of this act to apply to what. Sec. 49. And be it further enacted, That all the provisions hereinafter made for the delivery of returns, lists, statements, and valuations, and for additions to the duty in case of false or fraudulent lists or returns, or in case of undervaluation or understatement on lists or returns, or in case of refusal or neglect to deliver lists or returns, and for the imposition of fines, penalties, and forfeitures, shall be held and taken to apply to all persons, associations, corporations, or companies liable to pay duty or tax; and any additions to duties, fines, penalties, or forfeitures hereinafter imposed for failure to perform any duty required to be performed, shall be held and taken to be additional to those hereinbefore provided.

Act of 1833, ch. 57, to embrace what.
Vol. iv. p. 632. Sec. 50. And be it further enacted, That the provisions of the act entitled "An act further to provide for the collection of duties on imports," approved March second, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, now in force, shall be taken and deemed as extending to and embracing all cases arising under the laws for the collection of internal duties, stamp duties, licenses, or taxes, which have been, or may be hereafter, enacted; and all persons duly authorized to assess, receive, or collect such duties or taxes under such laws are hereby declared to be,Revenue officers. and to have been, revenue officers within the true intent and meaning of the said act, and entitled to all the exemptions, immunities, benefits, rights, and privileges therein enumerated or conferred.

Act of 1846, ch. 90, §16, to apply to persons having public moneys under this act.
Vol. ix. p. 63. Sec. 51. And be it further enacted, That the provisions of the sixteenth section of the act approved August sixth, eighteen hundred and forty-six, entitled "An act to provide for the better organization of the treasury, and for the collection, safe-keeping, transfer, and disbursement of the public revenue," are hereby applied to, and shall be construed to include, all officers of the internal revenue, charged with the safe-keeping, transfer, or disbursement of the public moneys arising therefrom, and to all other persons having actual charge, custody, or control of moneys or accounts arising from the administration of the internal revenue.

Assessors, &c., may administer oaths, &c.
Post, p. 471. Sec. 52. [And be it further enacted,] That all assessors and their assistants, all collectors and their deputies, and all inspectors, are hereby authorized to administer oaths and take evidence touching any part of the administration of this law with which they are respectively charged, and where such oaths and evidence are by law authorized to be taken; and any perjury therein shall be punished in the like manner, and to the same degree, as in the case of perjury committed in proceedings in the courts of the United States.

Spirits, ale, beer, and porter.

SPIRITS, ALE, BEER, AND PORTER.

Post, p. 471. Sec. 53. And be it further enacted, That any person required by law to be licensed as a distiller, shall, in addition to what is required by other provisions of law,Applicant for license as distiller to give bond. make an application therefor to the assessor of the district, and before the same is issued the person so applying shall give bond to the United States, in such sum as shall be required by the collector, and with one or more sureties, to be approved by said collector,Conditions of bond. conditioned that in case any additional still or stills, or other implements to be used as aforesaid, shall be erected by him, his agent or superintendent, he will, before using, or causing, or permitting the same to be used, report in writing to the said assessor the capacity thereof, and information from time to time of any change in the form, capacity, ownership, agency, or superintendence, which all or either of the said stills or other implements may undergo, and that he will from day to day enter, or cause to be entered, in a book to be kept for that purpose, the number of gallons of spirits that may be distilled by said still or stills, or other implements, and also of the quantities of grain or other vegetable productions, or other substances put into the mash-tub, or otherwise used by him, his agent or superintendent, for the purpose of producing spirits; and said book shall be open at all times during the day (Sundays excepted) to the inspection of the said assessor, assistant assessor, collector, deputy collector, or inspector, who may make any memorandums or transcripts therefrom; and also that he will render to the said assessor or assistant assessor, on the first, eleventh, and twenty-first days of each and every month, or within five days thereafter, during the continuance of said license, an exact account in writing, of the number of gallons of spirits distilled, and also of the number of gallons placed in warehouse and the number sold or removed for consumption or sale by him, his agent or superintendent, and the proof thereof, and also of the quantities of grain or other vegetable productions, or other substances, put into the mash-tub, or otherwise used by him, his agent or superintendent, for the purpose of producing spirits, for the period or fractional part of a month then next preceding the date of said report, which said report shall be verified by affidavit in the manner prescribed by law; that he will not sell or permit to be sold, or removed for consumption or sale, any spirits distilled by him under and by virtue of his said license, until the same shall have been inspected, gauged, and proved, and the quantity thereof duly entered upon his books as aforesaid; and that he will, at the time of rendering said account, pay to the said collector, or his deputy, the duties which by law are imposed on the spirits so distilled. And the said bond may be renewed or changed from time to time, in regard to the amount and sureties thereof, according to the discretion of the collector.

Application to state what. Sec. 54. And be it further enacted, That the application in writing made by any person for a license for distilling as aforesaid, shall state the place of distilling, the number and capacity of the still or stills, boiler or boilers,Post, p. 471. and the name of the person, firm, company, or corporation using the same; and any person making a false statement in either Penalty for false statement. of the said particulars shall forfeit and pay the sum of one hundred dollars, to be recovered with costs of suit.

Duties on spirits in addition to licenses. Sec. 55. And be it further enacted, That in addition to the duties payable for licenses herein provided, there shall be levied, collected, and paid on all spirits that may be distilled and sold, or distilled and removed for consumption or sale, of first proof, on and after the first day of July, eighteen hundred and sixty-four,[February changed to January. Post, p. 420.] and prior to the first day of February, eighteen hundred and sixty-five, a duty of one dollar and fifty cents on each and every gallon; and on and after February first, eighteen hundred and sixty-five, a duty of two dollars on each and every gallon. And all spirits which may be in the possession of the distiller,Spirits in store, &c. or in public store or bonded warehouse, on either the first day of July or February aforesaid, no duty having been paid thereon, shall be held and treated as if distilled on those days respectively, and said duty shall be paid by the owner, agent, or superintendent of the still or other vessel in which the said spirits shall have been distilled, within five days after the time of rendering the accounts of spirits so chargeable with duty, required to be rendered by law.Duties to be a lien.
Post, p. 472. And the said duties shall be a lien on the distillery used for distilling the same, with the stills, vessels, fixtures, and tools therein, and on the lot or tract of land whereon the said distillery is situated, until the said duty shall be paid:Provisos Provided, That the duty on all spirits shall be collected at no lower rate than the basis of first proof, and shall be increased in proportion for any greater strengthPost, p. 472. than the strength of first proof: Provided, further, That any person who shall distil spirits and use the same in the manufacture of any other article, without having taken out a license and paid such duties as are prescribed by law in relation thereto, shall, in addition to all other penalties and forfeitures, be liable to pay one hundred per centum additional duties thereon.

"First proof" to mean what. Sec. 56. And be it further enacted, That the term first proof used in this act and in the laws of the United States shall be construed, and is hereby declared to mean, that proof of a liquor which corresponds to fifty degrees of Tralle's centesimal hydrometer, adopted by regulation of the Treasury Department, of August twelfth, eighteen hundred and fifty, at the temperature of sixty degrees Fahrenheit's thermometer. And in levying duties on liquors above and below proof, the table contained in the manual for inspectors of spirits, prepared by Professor McCulloch, under the superintendency of Professor Bache, and adopted by the Treasury Department, shall be used and taken as giving the proportions of absolute alcohol in the liquids gauged and proved according to which duties shall be levied, until otherwise ordered by the Secretary of the Treasury, who is hereby authorized to adopt such hydrometers and prescribe such rules and regulations[Gallon to be what. Post, p. 472.] as he may deem necessary to insure a uniform system of inspection and gauging of spirits subject to duties throughout the United States.

Distillers, &c., to keep exact accounts of spirits, &c., distilled, &c. Sec. 57. And be it further enacted, That every person who shall be the owner of any still, boiler, or other vessel, used, or intended to be used, for the purpose of distilling spirituous liquors, as hereinbefore provided, or who shall have such still, boiler, or other vessel under his superintendence, either as agent for the owner or on his own account; and every person who shall use any still, boiler, or other vessel, as aforesaid, either as owner, agent, or otherwise, shall, from day to day, make true and exact entry, or cause to be entered in a book to be kept for that purpose, the number of gallons of spirits distilled, and also the number of gallons placed in warehouse, and also the number sold, or removed for consumption or sale, and the proof thereof; which book shall always be open in the daytime, (Sundays excepted,) for the inspection of the said assessor, assistant assessor, collector, deputy collector, or inspector, who may take any minutes, memorandums, or transcripts thereof; and shall render to said assessor or assistant assessor, on the first, eleventh, and twenty-first Distillers to render accounts three times a month. days of each and every month in each year, or within five days thereafter, an account in duplicate, taken from his books, of the number of gallons of spirits distilled, and also the number of gallons sold, or removed for consumption or sale, and the proof thereof, not before accounted for; and shall also keep a book, or books, in a form to be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, and to be open at all seasonable hours for inspection by the assessor, assistant assessor, collector, deputy collector, or inspector of the district, wherein shall be entered, from day to day, the quantities of grain, or other vegetable productions, or other substances put into the mash-tub by him, his agent or superintendent, for the purpose of producing spirits; and shall verify, or cause to be verified, the said entries, reports, books, and accounts, by oath or affirmation, to be taken before the assessor or assistant assessor, or other competent officer, according to the form required by law, and shall immediately forward to the collector of the district one of the said duplicate accounts, duly verified, as aforesaid; and shall also pay to the collector the duties on the spirits so distilled and sold, or removed for consumption or sale, and in said accounts mentioned at the time of rendering the duplicate account thereof:Proviso. Provided, That distillers who distil or manufacture less than one hundred and fifty barrels of spirits per year may make returns and pay duties on the first day of each and every month in lieu of the first, eleventh, and twenty-first days of the month, and furnish bonds correspondingly, anything to the contrary notwithstanding:Brandy from grapes.
Post, p. 472. And provided, further, That brandy distilled from grapes shall pay a tax of twenty-five cents per gallon.

Inspectors of spirits, coal-oil, tobacco, &c. Sec. 58. And be it further enacted, That there shall be appointed by the Secretary of the Treasury, in every collection district where the same may be necessary, one or more inspectors of spirits, refined coal-oil or other oil, tobacco, cigars, and other articles, who shall take an oath faithfully to perform their duties, in such form as the commissioner of internal revenue shall prescribe, and who shall be entitled to receive such fees as may be fixed and prescribed by said commissioner, to be paid by the owner or manufacturer of the articles inspected, gauged, or proved. And any manufacturer of spirits, refined coal-oil, or other oil, tobacco, cigars, or other articles which may by law be required to be inspected, who shall refuse to admit an inspector upon his premises, so far as it may be necessary for the performance of his duties, or who shall obstruct an inspector in the performance of his duties,Penalty for obstructing. shall forfeit the sum of one hundred dollars, to be recovered in the manner provided for other penalties imposed by this act.

Spirits distilled to be inspected and gauged. Sec. 59. And be it further enacted, That all spirits, distilled as aforesaid by any person licensed as aforesaid, shall, before the same are used, or removed for any purpose, be inspected, gauged, and proved by some inspector appointed for the performance of such duties, who shall mark upon the cask or other package containing such spirits, in a manner to be prescribed by said commissioner, the quantity and proof of the contents of such cask or package, with the date of inspection and the name of the inspector, and shall make a return of all spirits so inspected, and the name of the distiller, to the collector, and a duplicate thereof to the assessor of the district; and the duty imposed by law shall be paid on all spirits so inspected and not removedPost, p. 472.
Penalty for changing marks fraudulently. forthwith to a bonded warehouse. And any person who shall attempt fraudulently to evade the payment of duties upon any spirits distilled as aforesaid, by changing in any manner the mark upon any such cask or package, shall forfeit the sum of one hundred dollars for each cask or package so altered or changed, to be recovered as hereinbefore provided.Post, p. 472. And any such inspector who shall knowingly put upon any such cask or package any false or fraudulent mark shall be liable to the same penalty hereinbefore provided for each cask or package so fraudulently marked. And any person who shall purchase or sell any empty cask with the inspection marks thereon, or who shall fraudulently use any cask or package so marked, for the purpose of selling any other spirits than that so inspected, or for selling spirits of a quality or quantity different from that so inspected, shall be subject to a like penalty for each cask or package so purchased, sold, or used.

Owners of distillery, &c., may provide warehouse, &c. Sec. 60. And be it further enacted, That the owner or owners of any distillery or oil refinery, may provide, at his or their own expense, a warehouse, in conformity with such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe; and such warehouse, when approved by the collector, is hereby declared a bonded warehouse of the United States, and shall be used only for storing distilled spirits or refined coal-oil, or naphtha, and to be under the custody of the collector or his deputy. And the duty on the spirits, coal-oil, or naphtha stored in such warehouse shall be paid before it is removed from such warehouse, unless removed in pursuance of law.

Spirits, oil, &c., after inspection, how may be removed without payment of duty. Sec. 61. And be it further enacted, That all distilled spirits, and all refined coal-oil and naphtha, upon which an excise duty is imposed by law, may, after being inspected, gauged, proved, and marked by the inspector according to the provisions of this act, be removed, without payment of the duty, under such rules and regulations, and upon the execution of such transportation bonds or other securityPost, p. 472. as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe. The said spirits, oil, or naphtha so removed shall be transferred directly from the distillery or refinery to a bonded warehouse, established in conformity with law and treasury regulations, and may be transported from such warehouse to any one other bonded warehouse used for the storage of distilled spirits, coal-oil, or naphtha. And after the arrival of such distilled spirits, coal-oil, or naphtha, at the bonded warehouses within the district of the assessor to which it has been transferred, it shall be again inspected, and the duty shall be assessed and paid on any deficiency or reduction of the number of proof gallons beyond such allowance for leakage as may be established by the regulations of the commissioner of internal revenue, received at the warehouse, from the number of proof gallons as stated in the bond given at the place of shipment. And any distilled spirits, coal-oil, or naphtha in the public warehouses shall be subject to the same rules and regulations, and be chargeable with the same costs and expenses in all respects to which imported goods deposited in public store or bonded warehouse may be subject; and shall be in charge of a proper officer, to be designated by the Secretary of the Treasury, who, with the owner and proprietor of the warehouse, shall have the joint custody of all the distilled spirits, oil, or naphtha so stored in said warehouse, which shall be at the risk of the owner of the said spirits, oil, or naphtha. And all labor on the same shall be performed by the owner or proprietor of the warehouse, under the supervision of the officer in charge of the same, and at the expense of said owner or proprietor of the warehouse.Drawback.
Post, p. 472. And no drawback shall in any case be allowed on any distilled spirits, coal-oil, or naphtha, upon which an excise duty shall have been paid, either before or after it shall have been placed in a bonded warehouse:Spirits, &c. may be withdrawn. Provided, That any distilled spirits, coal-oil, or naphtha may be withdrawn from the bonded warehouse after payment, to the collector of internal revenue for the district in which the warehouse is situated, of the duty imposed by law, or may be removed without payment of the duty for the purpose of being exported, or for the purpose of being redistilled for export,Post, p. 472. after the quantity and proof of the spirits, oil, or naphtha to be removed has been ascertained and inspected according to the provisions of law, under such rules and regulations and the execution of such bond or other security as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe. And any spirits, oil, or naphtha so removed for distillation shall be returned to the warehouse and shall be again inspected, and the duty shall be paid to the said collector on any deficiency or reduction beyond the allowance for loss by redistillation established by the commissioner of internal revenue, in the number of proof gallons received at the warehouse for the purpose of being exported, as aforesaid. And nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent the manufacture for exportation, without payment of duty, of medicines, preparations, compositions, perfumery, cosmetics, cordials, and other liquors manufactured wholly or in part of domestic spirits, as provided for in this act.

Entries in distillers' books to be verified by oath. Sec. 62. And be it further enacted, That the entries required to be made in the books of the distiller, as aforesaid, shall, on the first, eleventh, and twenty-first days of each and every month, or within five days thereafter, be verified by oath or affirmation of the person or persons by whom such entries shall have been made, which oath or affirmation shall be certified at the end of such entries by the assessor, or assistant assessor, or officer administering the same, and shall be, in substance, as follows: "I do swear (or affirm) that the foregoing entries were made by me on the respective days specified, and that they state, according to the best of my knowledge and belief, the whole quantity of spirituous liquors distilled and sold, or removed for consumption or sale, at the distillery owned by ——— ———, in the county of ———, amounting to ——— gallons, according to proof prescribed by the laws of the United States."

Oath where entries are not personally made. Sec. 63. And be it further enacted, That the owner, agent, or superintendent aforesaid, shall, in case the original entries required to be made in his books by this act shall not have been made by himself, subjoin to the oath or affirmation of the person by whom they were made the following oath or affirmation, to be taken as aforesaid: "I do swear (or affirm) that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing entries are just and true, and that I have taken all the means in my power to make them so."

Sec. 64. And be it further enacted, That there shall be paid on all beer, lager beer, ale, porter,Duty on beer, ale, and porter. and other similar fermented liquors, by whatever name such liquors may be called, a duty of one dollar for each and every barrel containing not more than thirty-one gallons, and at a like rate for any other quantity, or for fractional parts of a barrel, which shall be brewed or manufactured and sold, or removed for consumption or sale, within the United States or the territories thereof, or within the District of Columbia; which duty shall be paid by the owner, agent, or superintendent of the brewery or premises in which such fermented liquors shall be made, and shall be paid at the time of rendering the accounts of such fermented liquors so chargeable with duty, as hereinafter required: Provided, That fractional parts of a barrel shall be halves,Fractional parts of a barrel. thirds, quarters, sixths, eighths, and sixteenths; and any fractional part containing less than one sixteenth shall be accounted one sixteenth; more than one sixteenth, and not more than one eighth, shall be accounted one eighth; more than one eighth, and not more than one sixth, shall be accounted one sixth; more than one sixth, and not more than one quarter, shall be accounted one quarter; more than one quarter, and not more than one third, shall be accounted one third; more than one third, and not more than one half, shall be accounted one half; more than one half shall be accounted one barrel:Proviso. Provided, further, That beer, lager beer, ale, porter, and other fermented liquors in bottles, shall be assessed, according to the quantity contained therein, at the rate of one dollar for thirty-one gallons, when the duty has not been previously paid on the liquors contained therein.

Owners of breweries to make entries in books. Sec. 65. And be it further enacted, That every person owning or occupying any brewery or premises used or intended to be used for the purpose of brewing or making such fermented liquors, or who shall have such premises under his control or superintendence as agent for the owner or occupant, or shall have in his possession or custody any vessel or vessels intended to be used on said premises in the manufacture of beer, lager beer, ale, porter, or other similar fermented liquors, either as owner, agent, or otherwise, shall, from day to day, enter, or cause to be entered, in a book to be kept by him for that purpose, and which shall be open at all times, (except Sundays,) between the rising and setting of the sun, for the inspection of said assessor, assistant assessor, collector, deputy collector, or inspector, who may take any minutes or memorandums or transcripts thereof, the quantity, packages, or number of barrels and fractional parts of barrels of fermented liquors made, and also the quantity sold, or removed for consumption or sale, keeping separate account of the several kinds and descriptions;Owners of breweries to render accounts monthly. and shall render to said assessor or assistant assessor, on the first day of each month in each year, or within ten days thereafter, a general account in writing, taken from his books, of the quantity or number of barrels and fractional parts of barrels of each kind of fermented liquors made, and also of the quantity sold, or removed for consumption or sale, for one month preceding said day; and shall verify, or cause to be verified, the said entries, reports, books, and general accounts, and the facts therein set forth, on oath or affirmation, to be taken before the assessor or assistant assessor, or other competent officer, according to the form required by law; and shall immediately forward to the collector of the district one of the said duplicate accounts, duly certified by the assessor or assistant assessor, and shall also pay to the said collector the dutiesand pay duties monthly. which are imposed by law on the liquor made and sold, or removed for consumption or sale, and in the said accounts mentioned, at the time of rendering the duplicate account thereof as aforesaid. But where the manufacturer of any beer, lager beer, or ale, manufactures the same in one collection district,If manufactory is in one district and warehouse in another. and owns or occupies a depot or warehouse for the storage and sale of such beer, lager beer, or ale in another collection district, he may, instead of paying to the collector of the district where the same was manufactured the duties chargeable thereon, present to such assessor or assistant assessor an invoice of the quantity or number of barrels about to be removed for the purpose of storage and sale, specifying in such invoice the depot or warehouse in which he intends to place such beer, lager beer, or ale; and thereupon such assessor or assistant assessor shall indorse on such invoice his permission for such removal, and the assessor or assistant assessor shall, at the same time, transmit to the collector of the district in which such depot or warehouse is situated a duplicate of such invoice; and thereafter the manufacturer of the beer, lager beer, or ale so removed shall render the same account, and pay the same duties, and be subject to the same liabilities and penalties as if the beer, lager beer, or ale had been manufactured in the district to which the same has been removed. The commissioner of internal revenue may prescribe such rules as he may deem necessary for the purpose of carrying the provisions of this section into effect.

Entries to be verified by oath. Sec. 66. And be it further enacted, That the entries made in the books required to be kept by the foregoing section shall, on said first day of each and every month, or within ten days thereafter, be verified by the oath or affirmation of the person or persons by whom such entries shall have been made, which oath or affirmation shall be certified at the end of such entries by the assessor or assistant assessor, or other competent officer administering the same, and shall be, in substance, as follows: "I do swear (or affirm) that the foregoing entries were made by me on the respective days specified, and that they state, according to the best of my knowledge and belief, the whole quantity of fermented liquors either brewed, or brewed and sold at the brewery owned by ——— ———, in the county of ———, amounting to ——— barrels."

Oath where entries are not personally made. Sec. 67. And be it further enacted, That the owner, agent, or superintendent aforesaid, shall, in case the original entries required to be made in his books shall not have been made by himself, subjoin to the oath or affirmation the following oath or affirmation, to be taken as aforesaid: "I do swear (or affirm) that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing entries are just and true, and that I have taken all the means in my power to make them so."

Penalty for refusal or neglect to make entries and reports. Sec. 68. And be it further enacted, That the owner, agent, or superintendent of any vessel or vessels used in making fermented liquors, or of any still, boiler, or other vessel used in the distillation of spirits on which duty is payable, who shall neglect or refuse to make true and exact entry and report of the same, or to do, or cause to be done, any of the things by law required to be done as aforesaid, shall forfeit for every such neglect or refusal all the liquors and spirits made by or for him, and all the vessels used in making the same, and the stills, boilers, and other vessels used in distillation, together with the sum of five hundred dollars, to be recovered with costs of suits;Post, p. 472. which said liquors or spirits, with the vessels containing the same, with all the vessels used in making the same, may be seized by any collector or deputy collector of internal duties, and held by him until a decision shall be had thereon according to law:Provisos. Provided, That such seizure be made within thirty days after the cause for the same shall have come to the knowledge of the collector or deputy collector, and that proceedings to enforce said forfeiture shall have [been]Post, p. 472. commenced by such collector within twenty days after the seizure thereof. And the proceedings to enforce said forfeiture of said property shall be in the the nature of a proceeding in rem, in the circuit or district court of the United States for the district where such seizure is made, or in any other court of competent jurisdiction.

Ten per cent. to be added when duties are not paid in time, &c. Sec. 69. And be it further enacted, That in all cases in which the duties aforesaid, payable on spirits distilled and sold, or removed for consumption or sale, or beer, lager beer, ale, porter, and other similar fermented liquors, shall not be paid at the time of rendering the account of the same, or at the time when they shall have become payable, as herein required, to the collector or deputy collector of the district, the person or persons chargeable therewith shall pay, in addition, ten per centum on the amount thereof; and, until such duties, with such addition, shall be paid, they shall be and remain a lien upon the distilleryDuties until paid, to be a lien, &c. where such liquors have been distilled, and upon the brewery where such liquors have been brewed, and upon the stills, boilers, vats, and all other implements thereto belonging, and upon the lot or tract of land whereon the distillery or brewery is situate, until the same shall have been paid. And in case of refusal or neglect to pay said duties, with the addition, within ten days after the same shall have become payable, the amount thereof may be recovered by distraint and sale of the goods, chattels, and effects of the delinquent.

Sec. 70. And be it further enacted, That every person licensed as aforesaid to distil spirits, or licensed as a brewer,Penalty for not furnishing account, &c. who shall neglect or refuse to furnish the account and duplicate thereof, as hereinbefore provided, or who shall refuse to permit the said assessor, assistant assessor, collector or deputy collector, or inspector to examine the books in the manner provided for, when requested, shall, for every such refusal or neglect, forfeit the sum of three hundred dollars.

Licenses.

LICENSES.

Certain persons not to engage in business unless licensed. Sec. 71. And be it further enacted, That no person, firm, company, or corporation shall be engaged in, prosecute, or carry on any trade, business, or profession, hereinafter mentioned and described, until he or they shall have obtained a license therefor in the manner hereinafter provided.

Persons, &c., to register names, &c., with assessors. Sec. 72. And be it further enacted, That every person, firm, company, or corporation required by this act to obtain a license to engage in any trade, business, or profession, for which a license is required by law, shall register with the assistant assessor of the assessment district, in which he shall design to carry on such trade, business, or profession, first, his or their name or style, and in case of a firm or company, the names of the several Names to be registered for licenses. persons constituting such firm or company, and their places of residence; second, the trade, business, or profession for which a license is desired; third, the place where such trade, business, or profession is to be carried on; fourth, if a rectifier, the number of barrels he designs to rectify; if a peddler, whether he designs to travel on foot, or with one, two, or more horses; if an innkeeper, the yearly rental value of the house and property to be occupied for said purpose; if not rented, the assistant assessor shall value the same. All of which facts shall be returned duly certified by such assistant assessor, both to the assessor and collector of the district; and thereupon, upon payment to the collector or deputy collector of the district the amount as hereinafter provided, such collector or deputy collector shall make out and deliver a license for such trade, business, or profession.

Penalty for carrying on trade without a license. Sec. 73. And be it further enacted, That if any person or persons shall exercise or carry on any trade, business, or profession, or do any act hereinafter mentioned, for the exercising, carrying on, or doing of which trade, business, or profession, a license is required by this act, without taking out such license as in that behalf required, he, she, or they shall, for every such offence, besides being liable to the payment of the tax, be subject to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars, or both, one moiety of such fine to the use of the United States, the other moiety to the use of the person who shall first give information of the fact whereby said forfeiture was incurred.

License to state what; Sec. 74. And be it further enacted, That in every license to be taken out under or by authority of this act, shall be contained and set forth the purpose, trade, business, or profession for which such license is granted, and the name and place of abode of the person or persons taking out the same; if for a rectifier, the quantity of spirits authorized to be rectified; if by a peddler, whether authorized to travel on foot, or with or [one,]Post, p. 472. or two, or more horses, the time for which such license is to run, and the date or time of granting such license, and (except in the case of auctioneers and peddlers) the place at which the trade, business, or profession for which such license is granted shall be carried on: Provided, That a license granted under this act shall not authorize the person or persons,to authorize what; (except lawyers, physicians, surgeons, dentists, cattle brokers, horse-dealers, and auctioneers,) or firm, company, or corporation mentioned therein, to exercise or carry on the trade, business, or profession specified in such license in any other place than that mentioned therein, or otherwise provided; but nothing herein contained shall prohibit the storage of goods, wares, or merchandise in other places than the place of business, nor the sale by manufacturers or producers of their own goods, wares, and merchandise, at the place of production or manufacture, or at their principal office or place of business, provided no goods, wares, and merchandise shall be kept for sale at such office. And every person exercising or carrying on any trade, business, or profession, or doing any act for which a license is required, shall, on demand of any officer of internal revenue, produce such license, and unless he shall do so, may be taken and deemed to have no license. And in case any peddler shall refuse to produce his or her license when demanded by any officer of internal revenue, said officer may seize the horse, wagon, and contents, or pack, bundle, or basket of any person so refusing, and hold the same until the license is produced.Post, p. 472.
to continue in force how long. And all licenses granted after the first day of May in any year shall continue in force until the first day of May next succeeding, and shall be issued upon the payment of a ratable proportion of the whole amount of duty imposed for such license; and each license so granted shall be dated on the first day of the month in which the liability therefor accrued.

Sec. 75. And be it further enacted, That upon the death of any person or persons licensed under or by virtue of this act, or upon the removal of any person or persons from the houseUpon death or removal of persons licensed, what may be done. or premises at which the trade, business, or profession mentioned in such license, was authorized, it may and shall be lawful for the collector to authorize, by indorsement on such license, or otherwise, as the commissioner of internal revenue shall direct, the person or persons so removing, as aforesaid, to any other place, to carry on the trade, business, or profession specified in such license, at the place to which such person may have removed, or the executors or administrators, or the wife or child of such deceased person, or the assignee or assigns of such person or persons so removing as aforesaid, who shall be possessed of and occupy the house or premises before used for such purpose as aforesaid, in like manner to exercise or carry on the same trade, business, or profession mentioned in such license, in or upon the same house or premises at which said person or persons, as aforesaid, deceased or removing as before mentioned, by virtue of such license before exercised or carried on such trade, business, or profession, for or during the residue of the term for which such license was originally granted, without taking out any fresh license for the residue of such term, until the expiration thereof: Proviso.Provided, always, That a fresh entry of the premises at which such trade, business, or profession shall continue to be exercised or carried on, as aforesaid, shall thereupon be made by, and in the name or names of, the person or persons to whom such authority, as aforesaid, shall be granted.

If person has more than one employment, license must be taken for each. Sec. 76. And be it further enacted, That in every case where more than one of the pursuits, employments, or occupations, hereinafter described, shall be pursued or carried on in the same place by the same person at the same time, except as therein mentioned, license must be taken out for each according to the rates severally prescribed:Proviso. Provided, That in cities and towns having a less population than six thousand persons according to the last preceding census, one license, if so applied for, may embrace the business of land warrant brokers, claim agents, and real estate agents, upon payment of the highest fee for licenses applicable to either one of said pursuits.

Auctioneers not to sell goods at private sale. Sec. 77. And be it further enacted, That no auctioneer shall be authorized, by virtue of his license as such auctioneer, to employ any other person to act as auctioneer in his behalf, except in his own store or warehouse, or in his presence, or by virtue of said license to sell any goods or other property at private sale; and any auctioneer who shall sell any goods or commodities, otherwise than by auction, without having taking out a license for that purpose, shall be subject and liable to the penalty imposed upon persons dealing in, or retailing, trading, or selling any such goods or commodities without license, notwithstanding any license granted, as aforesaid, for the purpose of exercising or carrying on the trade or business of an auctioneer; and where such goods or commodities are the property of any person or persons duly licensed to deal in, or retail, or trade in, or sell the same, such person or persons having made lawful entry of his, her, or their house or premises for such purpose, it shall and may be lawful for any person exercising or carrying on the trade or business of an auctioneer being duly licensed for that purpose, to sell such goods or commodities for and on behalf of such person or persons in said house or premises, without taking out a separate license for such sale. Judicial sales, &c.The provisions of this section shall not apply to judicial or executive officers making auction sales by virtue of any judgment or decree of any court, nor public sales made executors and administrators.

Licenses not to exempt from operation of state laws. Sec. 78. And be it further enacted, That no license hereinbefore provided for shall, if granted, be held, or construed to exempt any person carrying on the trade, business, or profession specified in said license from any penalty or punishment provided by the laws of any state for carrying on such trade, business, or profession, within such state, or in any manner to authorize the commencement or continuance of such trade, business, or profession, contrary to the laws of such state, or in places prohibited by municipal law; nor shall any such license be held or construed to prevent or prohibit any state from placing a duty or tax for state or other purposes on any trade, business, or profession, for which a license is required by this act; no[r] shall any person carrying on any trade, business, or profession,State laws not to exempt from procuring license. for which a license is required by this act, be exempted from procuring such license, or from any penalty or punishment herein provided, by, or in consequence of, any state law either authorizing or prohibiting such trade, business, or profession.

Sums for licenses.
Post, p. 472.
Copartners to pay but one license, except, &c. Sec. 79. And be it further enacted, That there shall be paid annually for each license granted, the sum herein stated, respectively. Any number of persons, except lawyers, conveyancers, claim agents, physicians, surgeons, dentists, cattle brokers, horse-dealers, and peddlers, carrying on such business in copartnership, may transact such business at the place specified in their license, and not otherwise, that is to say:—

Bankers. One. Bankers, using or employing a capital not exceeding the sum of fifty thousand dollars, shall pay one hundred dollars for each license; when using or employing a capital exceeding fifty thousand dollars, for every additional thousand dollars in excess of fifty thousand dollars, two dollars. Every person, firm, or company, and every incorporated or other bank, having a place of business where credits are opened by the deposit or collection of money or currency, subject to be paid or remitted upon draft, check, or order, or where money is advanced or loaned on stocks, bonds, bullion, bills of exchange, or promissory notes, or where stocks, bonds, bullion, bills of exchange, or promissory notes are received for discount or sale, shall be regarded a banker under this act: Provided, That any savings-bank having no capital stock,Savings-banks need not have license. and whose business is confined to receiving deposits and loaning the same for the benefit of its depositors, and which does no other business of banking, shall not be liable to pay for a license as a banker.

Wholesale dealers. Two. Wholesale dealers, whose annual sales do not exceed fifty thousand dollars, shall pay fifty dollars for each license; and if exceeding fifty thousand dollars, for every additional thousand dollars in excess of fifty thousand dollars, one dollar. Every person shall be regarded as a wholesale dealer under this act whose business it is to sell, or offer to sell, any goods, wares, or merchandise of foreign or domestic production, not including wines, spirits, or malt liquors, whose annual sales exceed twenty-five thousand dollars. And the license required by any wholesale dealer shall not be for a less amount than his sales for the previous year, unless he has made or proposes to make some change in his business that will, in the judgment of the assessor or assistant assessor, reduce the amount of his annual sales; nor shall any license as a wholesale dealer allow any such person to act as a commercial broker: Provided, That any license understated may and shall be again assessed, and that no person holding a license as a wholesale dealer in liquors shall be required to take an additional license on account of the sale of other goods, wares, or merchandise on the same premises.

Retail dealers. Three. Retail dealers shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person whose business or occupation it is to sell or offer for sale any goods, wares, or merchandise of foreign or domestic production, not including spirits, wines, ale, beer, or other malt liquors, and whose annual sales exceed one thousand, and do not exceed twenty-five thousand dollars, shall be regarded as a retail dealer under this act.

Wholesale dealers in liquors. Four. Wholesale dealers in liquors, whose annual sales do not exceed fifty thousand dollars, shall pay fifty dollars for each license; and if exceeding fifty thousand dollars, for every additional one thousand dollars in excess of fifty thousand dollars, one dollar. Every person who shall sell, or offer for sale, any distilled spirits, fermented liquors, or wines of any kind, in quantities of more than three gallons at one time to the same purchaser, or whose annual sales, including sales of other merchandise, shall exceed twenty-five thousand dollars, shall be regarded a wholesale dealer in liquors.

Retail dealers in liquors. Five. Retail dealers in liquors shall pay twenty-five dollars for each license. Every person who shall sell or offer for sale foreign or domestic spirits, wines, ale, beer, or other malt liquors in quantities of three gallons or less, or whose annual sales, including all sales of other merchandise, do not exceed twenty-five thousand dollars, shall be regarded as a retail dealer in liquors under this act. But nothing herein contained shall authorize the sale of any spirits, wines, or malt liquors to be drank on the premises.

Lottery-ticket dealers. Six. Lottery-ticket dealers shall pay one hundred dollars for each license. Every person, association, firm, or corporation who shall make, sell, or offer to sell lottery tickets, or fractional parts thereof, or any token, certificate, or device representing,Post, p. 472. or intended to represent, a lottery ticket, or any fractional part thereof, or any policy of numbers in any lottery, or shall manage any lottery or prepare schemes of lotteries, or superintend the drawing of any lottery, shall be deemed a lottery-ticket dealer under this act.

Horse-dealers. Seven. Horse-dealers shall pay for each license the sum of ten dollars. Any person whose business it is to buy or sell horses or mules shall be regarded a horse-dealer under this act: Proviso.Provided, That one license having been paid, no additional license shall be required of any horse-dealer who keeps a livery-stable, nor of any livery-stable keeper who may also be a horse-dealer.

Livery-stable keepers. Eight. Livery-stable keepers shall pay ten dollars for each license. Any person whose business it is to keep horses for hire, or to let, or to keep, feed, or board horses for others, shall be regarded as a livery-stable keeper under this act.

Brokers Nine. Brokers shall pay fifty dollars for each license. Every person, firm, or company, except such as hold a license as a banker, whose business it is as a broker to negotiate purchases or sales of stocks, exchange, bullion, coined money, bank notes, promissory notes, or other securities, shall be regarded as a broker,Post, p. 472. under this act, and shall make oath or affirmation, according to the form to be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, that all their transactions are made for a commission: Provided, That any person holding a license as a banker shall not be required to take out a license as a broker.

Pawnbrokers. Ten. Pawnbrokers, using or employing a capital of not exceeding fifty thousand dollars, shall pay fifty dollars for each license, and when using or employing a capital exceeding fifty thousand dollars, for every additional thousand dollars in excess of fifty thousand dollars, two dollars. Every person whose business or occupation it is to take or receive, by way of pledge, pawn, or exchange, any goods, wares, or merchandise, or any kind of personal property whatever, for the repayment or security of money lent thereon, shall be deemed a pawnbroker under this act.

Land-warrant brokers. Eleven. Land-warrant brokers shall pay twenty-five dollars for each license. Any person shall be regarded as a land-warrant broker within the meaning of this act who makes a business of buying and selling land-warrants, or of furnishing them to settlers or other persons.

Cattle brokers. Twelve. Cattle brokers, whose annual sales do not exceed ten thousand dollars, shall pay for each license the sum of ten dollars; and if exceeding the sum of ten thousand dollars, one dollar for each additional thousand dollars. Any person whose business it is to buy, or sell, or deal in cattle, hogs, or sheep, shall be considered as a cattle broker.

Produce brokers. Thirteen. Produce brokers, whose annual sales do not exceed the sum of ten thousand dollars, shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person, other than one holding a license as a broker, wholesale or retail dealer, whose occupation it is to buy or sell agricultural or farm products and whose annual sales do not exceed ten thousand dollars, shall be regarded as a produce broker under this act.

Commerical brokers. Fourteen. Commercial brokers shall pay twenty dollars for each license. Any person or firm, whose business it is, as a broker, to negotiate sales or purchases of goods, wares, produce, or merchandise, not otherwise provided for in this act, or seek orders therefor, in original or unbroken packages, or to negotiate freights and other business for the owners of vessels, or for the shippers or consignors or consignees of freight carried by vessels, shall be regarded a commercial broker under this act.

Custom-house brokers. Fifteen. Custom-house brokers shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person whose occupation it is, as the agent of others, to arrange entries and other custom-house papers, or transact business at any port of entry relating to the importation or exportation of goods, wares, or merchandise, shall be regarded a custom-house broker under this act.

Distillers. Sixteen. Distillers shall pay fifty dollars for each license. Every person, firm, or corporation who distils or manufactures spirits for sale shall be deemed a distiller under this act: Provided, That any person, firm, or corporation, distilling or manufacturing less than three hundred barrels per year shall pay twenty-five dollars for a license: And provided, further, That no license shall be required for any still, stills, or other apparatus used by druggists and chemists for the recovery of alcohol for pharmaceutical and chemical or scientific purposes which has been used in those processes: And provided, further, That distillers of apples, grapes, and peaches, distilling or manufacturing less than one hundred and fifty barrels per year from the same, shall pay twelve and one half dollars for a license for that purpose.

Brewers. Seventeen. Brewers shall pay fifty dollars for each license. Every person, firm, or corporation, who manufactures fermented liquors of any name or description, for sale, from malt, wholly or in part, or from any substitute therefor, shall be deemed a brewer under this act: Provided, That any person, firm, or corporation who manufactures less than five hundred barrels per year shall pay the sum of twenty-five dollars for a license.

Rectifiers. Eighteen. Rectifiers shall pay twenty-five dollars for each license to rectify any quantity of spirituous liquors, not exceeding five hundred barrels, packages, or casks, containing not more than forty gallons to each barrel, package, or cask of liquor so rectified; and twenty-five dollars additional for each additional five hundred such barrels, packages, or casks, or any fractional part thereof. Every person, firm, or corporation, who rectifies, purifies, or refines spirituous liquors or wines by any process, or mixes distilled spirits, whiskey, brandy, gin, or wine, with any materials for sale under the name of whiskey, rum, brandy, gin, wine, or any other name, shall be regarded as a rectifier under this act.

Coal-oil distillers. Nineteen. Coal-oil distillers shall pay for each license the sum of fifty dollars. Any person, firm, or corporation, who shall refine, produce, or distil crude or refined petroleum or rock-oil, or crude coal-oil, or crude or refined oil made of asphaltum, shale, peat, or other bituminous substances, or shall manufacture coal illuminating oil, shall be regarded a coal-oil distiller under this act.

Hotels, inns, and taverns. Twenty. Hotels, inns, and taverns shall be classified and rated according to the yearly rental, or, if not rented, according to the estimated yearly rental, of the house and property intended to be occupied for said purposes, as follows, to wit: All cases where the rent or valuation of the yearly rental of said house and property shall be two hundred dollars, or less, shall pay ten dollars. And if exceeding two hundred dollars, for any additional one hundred dollars or fractional part thereof in excess of two hundred dollars, five dollars. Every place where food and lodging are provided for and furnished to travellers and sojourners, in view of payment therefor, shall be regarded as a hotel, inn, or tavern under this act: Proviso.Provided, That nothing herein contained shall be construed to exempt keepers of hotels, taverns, and eating-houses in which liquors are sold by retail, to be drank upon the premises, from taking out a license for such sale, for which license they shall pay a tax of twenty-five dollars. The yearly rental shall be fixed and established by the assessor of the proper district at its proper value, but if rented, at not less than the actual rent agreed on by the parties. All steamers and vessels, upon waters of the United States, on board of which passengers or travellers are provided with food or lodgings, shall be subject to, and required to pay, twenty-five dollars for each license: Proviso.Provided, That if there be any fraud or collusion in the return of actual rent to the assessor, there shall be a penalty equal to double the amount of licenses required by this section, to be collected as other penalties under this act are collected.

Eating-houses. Twenty-one. Eating-houses shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every place where food or refreshments of any kind, not including spirits, wines, ale, beer, or other malt liquors, are provided for casual visitors and sold for consumption therein, shall be regarded as an eating-house under this act. But the keeper of an eating-house, having taken out a license therefor, shall not be required to take out a license as a confectioner, anything in this act to the contra[r]y notwithstanding.

Confectioners. Twenty-two. Confectioners shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person who sells at retail confectionery, sweetmeats, comfits, or other confects, in any building, shall be regarded as a confectioner under this act. But wholesale and retail dealers, having taken out a license therefor, shall not be required to take out a license as confectioner, anything in this act to the contrary notwithstanding.

Claim-agents, &c. Twenty-three. Claim-agents and agents for procuring patents shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person whose business it is to prosecute claims in any of the executive departments of the federal government, or procure patents, shall be deemed a claim or patent agent, as the case may be, under this act.

Patent-right dealers. Twenty-four. Patent-right dealers shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person whose business it is to sell, or offer for sale, patent-rights shall be regarded a patent-right dealer under this act.

Real-estate agents. Twenty-five. Real-estate agents shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person whose business it is to sell, or offer for sale, real estate for others, or to rent houses, stores, or other buildings or real estate, or to collect rent for others, shall be regarded as a real-estate agent under this act.

Conveyancers. Twenty-six. Conveyancers shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person, other than one holding a license as a lawyer or claim-agent, whose business it is to draw deeds, bonds, mortgages, wills, writs, or other legal papers, or to examine titles to real estate, shall be regarded a conveyancer under this act.

Intelligence-office keepers. Twenty-seven. Intelligence-office keepers shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person whose business it is to find or furnish places of employment for others, or to find or furnish servants upon application in writing or otherwise, receiving compensation therefor, shall be regarded as an intelligence-office keeper under this act.

Insurance agents. Twenty-eight. Insurance agents shall pay ten dollars for each license. Any person who shall act as agent of any fire, marine, life, mutual, or other insurance company or companies, shall be regarded as an insurance agent under this act: Proviso.
[Stricken out. Post, p. 473].Provided, That no license shall be required of any insurance agent or broker whose receipts, as such agent, are less than the sum of three hundred dollars in any one year.

Foreign insurance agents. Twenty-nine. Foreign insurance agents shall pay fifty dollars for each license. Every person who shall act as agent of any foreign fire, marine, life, mutual, or other insurance company or companies, shall be regarded as a foreign insurance agent under this act.

Auctioneers. Thirty. Auctioneers, whose annual sales do not exceed ten thousand dollars, shall pay ten dollars for each license; auctioneers, whose annual sales exceed ten thousand dollars, shall pay twenty dollars for each license. Every person shall be deemed an auctioneer within the meaning of this act, whose business it is to offer property for sale to the highest or best bidder.

Manufacturers. Thirty-one. Manufacturers shall pay ten dollars for each license. Any person, firm, or corporation, who shall manufacture by hand or machinery any goods, wares, or merchandise, exceeding annually the sum of one thousand dollars, shall be regarded a manufacturer under this act.

Peddlers. Thirty-two. Peddlers shall be classified and rated as follows, to wit: when travelling with more than two horses, or mules, the first class, and shall pay fifty dollars for each license; when travelling with two horses, or mules, the second class, and shall pay twenty-five dollars for each license; when travelling with one horse, or mule, the third class, and shall pay fifteen dollars for each license; when travelling on foot, the fourth class, and shall pay ten dollars for each license. Any person, except persons peddling only newspapers, Bibles, or religious tracts, who sells or offers to sell, at retail, goods, wares, or other commodities, travelling from place to place, in the street, or through different parts of the country, shall be regarded a peddler under this act: Provisos.Provided, That any peddler who sells, or offers to sell, dry goods, foreign and domestic, by one or more original packages or pieces, at one time, to the same person or persons, shall pay fifty dollars for each license. And any person who peddles jewelry shall pay fifty dollars for each license: Provided, further, That manufacturers and producers of agricultural tools and implements, garden-seeds, stoves, and hollow ware, brooms, wooden ware, and powder, delivering and selling at wholesale any of said articles, by themselves or their authorized agents, at places other than the place of manufacture, shall not be required, for any sale thus made, to take out any additional license therefor: [Additional proviso. Post, p. 473.]Provided, further, That nothing contained in this paragraph shall authorize the sale of wine, spirits, or malt liquors.

Apothecaries. Thirty-three. Apothecaries shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person who keeps a shop or building where medicines are compounded or prepared according to prescriptions of physicians, or where medicines are sold, shall be regarded an apothecary under this act. But wholesale and retail dealers, who have taken out a license therefor, shall not be required to take out a license as apothecary, anything in this act to the contrary notwithstanding; nor shall apothecaries, who have taken out a license as such, be required to take out a license as retail dealers in liquor in consequence of selling alcohol.

Photographers. Thirty-four. Photographers shall pay ten dollars for each license when the receipts do not exceed five hundred dollars; when over five hundred dollars and under one thousand dollars, fifteen dollars; when over one thousand dollars, twenty-five dollars. Any person or persons who make for sale photographs, ambrotypes, daguerreotypes, or pictures, by the action of light, shall be regarded a photographer under this act.

Tobacconists. Thirty-five. Tobacconists shall pay ten dollars for each license. Any person, firm, or corporation whose business it is to sell, at retail, cigars, snuff, or tobacco in any form, shall be regarded a tobacconist under this act. But wholesale and retail dealers, and keepers of hotels, inns, taverns, and eating-houses, having taken out a license therefor, shall not be required to take out a license as tobacconists, anything in this act to the contrary notwithstanding.

Butchers. Thirty-six. Butchers shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person whose business it is to sell butchers' meat at retail shall be regarded as a butcher under this act: Proviso.Provided, That no butcher having taken out a license, and paid ten dollars therefor, shall be required to take out a license as retail dealer on account of selling other articles at the same store, stall, or premises: Proviso.Provided, further, That butchers whose annual sales do not exceed one thousand dollars, and butchers who retail butchers' meat exclusively by themselves or agents, and persons who sell shell or other fish, or both, travelling from place to place, and not from any shop or stand, shall be required to pay five dollars only for each license, any existing law to the contrary notwithstanding; and having taken out a license therefor, shall not be required to take out a license as a peddler for retailing butchers' meat or fish, as aforesaid. And no license shall be required of persons who sell shell or other fish from handcarts or wheelbarrows exclusively.

Theatres, museums, concert-halls, &c. Thirty-seven. Proprietors of theatres, museums, and concert-halls receiving pay as entrance-money, shall pay one hundred dollars for each license. Every edifice used for the purpose of dramatic or operatic or other representations, plays, or performances, and not including halls rented or used occasionally for concerts or theatrical representations, shall be regarded as a theatre under this act: Proviso.Provided, That when any such edifice is under lease at the passage of this act, the fee for license shall be paid by the lessee, unless otherwise stipulated between the parties to said lease.

Circuses. Thirty-eight. The proprietor or proprietors of circuses shall pay one hundred dollars for each license. Every building, tent, space, or area, where feats of horsemanship or acrobatic sports or theatrical performances are exhibited, shall be regarded as a circus under this act: Proviso.Provided, That no license procured in one state shall be held to authorize exhibitions in another state. And but one license shall be required under this act to authorize exhibitions within any one state.

Jugglers. Thirty-nine. Jugglers shall pay for each license twenty dollars. Every person who performs by sleight of hand shall be regarded as a juggler under this act. The proprietors or agents of all other public exhibitions or shows for money, not enumerated in this section, shall pay for each license ten dollars: Proviso.Provided, That no license procured in one state shall be held to authorize exhibitions in another state. And but one license shall be required under this act to authorize exhibitions within any one state.

Bowling-alleys and billiard-rooms. Forty. Bowling-alleys and billiard-rooms shall pay ten dollars for every alley or table in the building or place to be licensed. Every place or building where bowls are thrown or billiards played, and open to the public with or without price, shall be regarded as a bowling-alley or billiard-room, respectively, under this act.

Gift enterprises. Forty-one. Proprietors of gift enterprises shall pay fifty dollars for each license. Every person, firm, or corporation, who shall sell, or offer for sale, any article of merchandise of any description whatsoever, with a promise, express or implied, to give or bestow, or in any manner to hold out to the public the promise of gift or bestowal of any article or thing for and in consideration of the purchase by any person of any other article, or thing, shall be regarded a proprietor of a gift enterprise under this act: Proviso.Provided, That no such proprietor, in consequence of being thus licensed, shall be exempt from paying any other license or tax required by law, and the license herein required shall be in addition thereto.

Stallions and jacks. Forty-two. Owners of stallions and jacks shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person who keeps a male horse or a jack for the use of mares, requiring or receiving pay therefor, shall be required to take out a license under this act, which shall contain a brief description of the animal, its age, and place or places where used or to be used: Provided, That all accounts, notes, or demands, for the use of any such horse or jack without a license, as aforesaid, shall be invalid and of no force in any court of law or equity.

Lawyers. Forty-three. Lawyers shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person who, for fee or reward, shall prosecute or defend causes in any court of record or other judicial tribunal of the United States, or of any of the states, or give legal advice in relation to any cause or matter whatever, shall be deemed to be a lawyer within the meaning of this act.

Physicians, surgeons, and dentists. Forty-four. Physicians, surgeons, and dentists shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person (except apothecaries) whose business it is, for fee and reward, to prescribe remedies or perform surgical operations for the cure of any bodily disease or ailing, shall be deemed a physician, surgeon, or dentist, as the case may be, within the meaning of this act.

Architects and civil engineers. Forty-five. Architects and civil engineers shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person whose business it is to plan, design, or superintend the construction of buildings, or ships, or of roads, or bridges, or canals, or railroads, shall be regarded as an architect and civil engineer under this act: Provided, That this shall not include a practical carpenter who labors on a building.

Builders and contractors Forty-six. Builders and contractors shall pay twenty-five dollars for each license; and if his said contracts in any one year exceed in amount twenty-five thousand dollars, he shall pay one dollar on every additional thousand dollars in excess thereof. Every person whose business it is to construct buildings, or ships, or bridges, or canals, or railroads by contract, shall be regarded as a builder and contractor under this act: Provided, That no license shall be required from any person whose building contracts do not exceed two thousand five hundred dollars in any one year.

Plumbers and gas-fitters. Forty-seven. Plumbers and gas-fitters shall pay ten dollars for each license. Every person, firm, or corporation, whose business it is to fit, furnish, or sell plumbing materials, gas-pipes, gas-burners, or other gas-fixtures, shall be regarded a plumber and gas-fitter within the meaning of this act.

Assayers. Forty-eight. Assayers, assaying gold and silver, or either, of a value not exceeding in one year two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, shall pay one hundred dollars for each license, and two hundred dollars when the value exceeds two hundred and fifty thousand dollars and does not exceed five hundred thousand dollars, and five hundred dollars when the value exceeds five hundred thousand dollars. Any person or persons or corporation whose business or occupation it is to separate gold and silver from other metals or mineral substances with which such gold or silver, or both, are alloyed, combined, or united, or to ascertain or determine the quantity of gold or silver in any alloy or combination with other metals, shall be deemed an assayer for the purpose of this act.

Other trade or business. Forty-nine. A license fee of ten dollars shall be required of every person, firm, or corporation engaged in any business, trade, or profession whatsoever, for which no other license is herein required,[Stricken out. Post, p. 473] whose gross annual receipts therefrom exceed the sum of one thousand dollars per annum.

Apothecaries, &c., whose sales do not exceed one thousand dollars, need not take license. Sec. 80. And be it further enacted, That where the annual gross receipts or sales of any apothecaries, confectioners, eating-houses, tobacconists, or retail dealers, except retail dealers in spirituous and malt liquors, shall not exceed the sum of one thousand dollars, such apothecaries, confectioners, eating-houses, tobacconists, and retail dealers shall not be required to take out or pay for license, anything in this act to the contrary notwithstanding; the amount or estimated amount of such annual sales to be ascertained or estimated in such manner as the commissioner of internal revenue shall prescribe, and so of all other annual sales or receipts, where the rate of the license is graduated by the amount of sales or receipts; and where the amount of the license or the rate has been increased, or is liable to be increased, by law above the amount of any existing license to any person, firm, or company, or has been understated or underestimated, such person, firm, or company shall be again assessed and pay the amount of such increase, which shall be indorsed on the original license, which shall thereafter be held good and sufficient.

Manufacturers, &c., may sell their own articles at, &c., without license. Sec. 81. And be it further enacted, That nothing contained in the preceding sections of this act, requiring licenses, shall be construed to require an additional license as a dealer for the sale of goods, wares, and merchandise made or produced and sold by the manufacturer or producer at the manufactory or place where the same is made or produced, or at the principal office or place of business, as provided in section seventy-three [seventy-four] of this act; Post, p. 473.[nor] to vinters [vintners] who sell, at the place where the same is made, wine of their own growth; nor to apothecaries, as to wines or spirituous liquors which they use exclusively in the preparation or making up of medicines; nor shall any provisions be construed to prohibit physicians from keeping on hand medicines solely for the purpose of making up their own prescriptions for their own patients.

Manufactures, articles, and products.

MANUFACTURES, ARTICLES, AND PRODUCTS.

Specific and ad valorem duty.

Specific and ad valorem duty.

Sec. 82. And be it further enacted, That every individual, partnership, firm, association, or corporation, (and any word or words in this act indicating or referring to person or Word "persons" to include partnerships, corporations, &c.persons shall be taken to mean and include partnerships, firms, associations, or corporations, when not otherwise designated or manifestly incompatible with the intent thereof,) shall comply with the following requirements, that is to say:—

Manufacturer to give assessors a statement. First. Before commencing, or, if already commenced, before continuing, any manufacture liable to be assessed, under the provisions of this act, and which shall not be differently provided for elsewhere, every person shall furnish, without previous demand therefor, to the assistant assessor a statement, subscribed and sworn to, or affirmed, setting forth the place where the manufacture is to be carried on, and the principal place of business for sales, the name of the manufactured article, the proposed market for the same, whether foreign or domestic, and generally the kind and quality manufactured or proposed to be manufactured.

To make monthly return. Second. He shall within ten days after the first day of each and every month, or on or before a day prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, make return under oath or affirmation of the products and sales or delivery of such manufacture in form and detail as may be required, from time to time, by the commissioner of internal revenue.

Form of returns. Third. All such returns, statements, descriptions, memoranda, oaths, and affirmations, shall be in form, scope, and detail as may be prescribed, from time to time, by the commissioner of internal revenue.

Duties to be paid monthly. Sec. 83. And be it further enacted, That upon the amounts, quantities, and values of produce, goods, wares, merchandise, and articles produced or manufactured, and sold or delivered, hereinafter enumerated, the manufacturer or producer thereof,[Amended, Post, p. 473.] whether manufactured or produced for himself or for others, shall pay to the collector of internal revenue within his district, monthly, or on or before a day to be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, the duties on such products or manufactures. And for neglect to pay such duties within ten days after demand,Penalty for neglect. in writing delivered to him in person, or left at his house or place of business, or manufactory, or sent by mail, the amount of such duties, with the additions hereinbefore prescribed, may be levied upon the real and personal property of any such producer or manufacturer. Duties to be a lien.And such duties and additions, and whatever shall be the expenses of levy, shall be a lien from the day prescribed by the commissioner for their payment aforesaid, in favor of the United States, upon the said real and personal property of such producer or manufacturer; and such lien may be enforced by distraint, as provided in this act. And in all cases of goods manufactured or produced, in whole or in part upon commission, or where the material is furnished by one party and manufactured by another, if the manufacturer shall be required to pay under this act the tax hereby imposed, such person or persons so paying the same shall be entitled to collect the amount thereof of the owner or owners, and shall have a lien for the amount thus paid upon the produced or manufactured goods.

Articles to be forfeited for neglect to pay duty. Sec. 84. And be it further enacted, That for neglect or refusal to pay the duties provided by law on manufactured articles, or articles produced, as aforesaid, the goods, wares, and merchandise manufactured or produced and unsold by, or not passed out of the possession of, such manufacturer or producer, shall be forfeited to the United States, and may be sold or disposed of for the benefit of the same, in manner as shall be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury. Collector to take possessionIn such case the collector or deputy collector may take possession of said articles, and may maintain such possession in the premises and buildings where they may have been manufactured, or deposited, or may be. Subsequent proceedings.He shall summon, giving notice of not less than two, nor more than ten, days, the parties in possession of said goods, enjoining them to appear before the assessor or assistant assessor, at a day and hour in such summons fixed, then and there to show cause,Summons. if any there be, why, for such neglect or refusal, such articles should not be declared forfeited to the United States. The manufacturers or producers thereof shall be deemed to be the parties interested, if the articles shall be, at the time of taking such possession, upon the premises where manufactured or produced; if they shall at such time have been removed from the place of manufacture or production, the parties interested shall be deemed to be the persons or parties in whose custody or possession the articles shall be found. Such summons shall be served upon such parties in person,Service. or by leaving a copy thereof at the place of abode or business of the party to whom the same may be directed. In case no such party or place can be found, which fact shall be determined by the collector's return on the summons, such notice, in the nature of a summons, shall be given by advertisement for the term of three weeks in one newspaper in the county nearest to the place of such sale. If at or before such hearing such duties shall not have been paid, and the assessor or assistant assessor shall adjudge the summons and notice, service and return of the same to be sufficient,Articles when to be declared forfeit. the said articles shall be by him declared forfeit, and shall be sold, disposed of, or turned over by the collector to the use of any department of the government as may be directed by the Secretary of the Treasury, who may require of any officer of the government, into whose possession the same may be turned over, the proper voucher therefor; and the proceeds of sale of said articles, if any there be after deducting the duties and additions thereon, together with the fees, costs, and expenses of all proceedings incident to the seizure and sale, to be determined by said commissioner, shall be refunded and paid to the owner, or, if he cannot be found, to the manufacturer or producer in whose custody the articles were when seized, as the said commissioner may deem just, by draft on the same, or some other collector; or if the said articles are turned over without sale to the use of any department of the government, the excess of the value of said articles, after deducting the amount of the duties, additions, fees, costs, and expenses accrued thereon when turned over as aforesaid, shall be refunded and paid by the said department to the owner, or, if he cannot be found, to the manufacturer or producer in whose custody or possession the said articles were when seized as aforesaid. The commissioner of internal revenue, with the approval of the Secretary of [the] Treasury,Secretary may review decision. may review any such case of forfeiture, and do justice in the premises. If the forfeiture shall have been wrongly declared, and sale made, the Secretary is hereby authorized, in case the specific articles cannot be restored to the party aggrieved in as good order and condition as when seized, to make up to such party in money his loss and damage from the contingent fund of his department. Immediate notice of any seizure of manufactured articles or products shall be given to the commissioner of internal revenue by the collector or deputy collector, who shall also make return of his proceedings to the said commissioner after he shall have sold or otherwise disposed of the articles or products so forfeited; and the assessor or assistant assessor shall also make return of his proceedings relating to such forfeiture to the said commissioner. Causes for seizure and forfeiture.And any violation of, or refusal to comply with, the provisions of the eighty-first [eighty-second] section of this act, shall be good cause for seizure and forfeiture, substantially in manner as detailed in this section;Post, p. 473. but before forfeiture shall be declared by virtue of the provisions of this section, the amount of duties which may be due from the person whose manufactures or products are seized, shall first be ascertained in the manner prescribed in the eighty-fourth [eighty-fifth] section of this act; and such violation or refusal to comply shall further make any party so violating, or refusing to comply, liable to a fine or penalty of five hundred dollars, to be recovered in manner and form as provided in this act. Articles which the collector may adjudge perishable may be sold or disposed ofSale of perishable articles. before declaration of forfeiture. Said sales shall be made at public auction, and notice thereof shall be given as the said commissioner shall prescribe.

Amount, &c., of manufactures to be estimated. Sec. 85. And be it further enacted, That in case of the manufacture and sale, or production and sale, consumption, or delivery of any goods, wares, merchandise, or articles as hereinafter mentioned, without compliance on the part of the party manufacturing or producing the same with all the requirements and regulations prescribed by law in relation thereto, the assistant assessor may, upon such information as he may have, assume and estimate the amount and value of such manufactures or products, and upon such assumed amount assess the duties, and add thereto fifty per centum; and said duties shall be collected in like manner as in case the provisions of this act in relation thereto had been complied with, and to such articles all the foregoing provisions for liens, fines, penalties, and forfeitures, shall in like manner apply.

Manufacturers, &c., to render account of sales. Sec. 86. And be it further enacted, That any person, firm, company, or corporation, manufacturing or producing goods, wares, and merchandise, sold or removed for consumption or use, upon which duties or taxes are imposed by law, shall, in their return of the value and quantity, render an account of the full amount of actual sales made by the manufacturer, producer, or agent thereof, and shall state in a separate column the items and account of the deductions, if any, claimed; whether any part, and if so, what part, of said goods, wares, and merchandise has been consumed or used by the owner, owners, or agent, or used for the production of another manufacture or product, together with the market value of the same at the time of such use or consumption; whether such goods, wares, and merchandise were shipped for a foreign port, or consigned to auction or commissioned merchants, other than agents, for sale; and shall make a return, according to the value at the place of shipment, when shipped for a foreign port, or according to the value at the place of manufacture or production, when removed for use or consumption, or consigned to others than agents of the manufacturer or producer. The value and quantity of the goods, wares, and merchandise required to be stated as aforesaid, shall be estimated by the actual sales made by the manufacturer, or by his, her, or their agent, or person or persons acting in his, her, or their behalf. And where such goods, wares, and merchandise have been removed for consumption or for delivery to others, or placed on shipboard, or are no longer within the custody or control of the manufacturer or his agent, not being in his factory, store, or warehouse, the value shall be estimated at the average of the market value of the like goods, wares, and merchandise, at the time when the same became liable to duty. And when goods, wares, and merchandise are sold by the manufacturer or producer, or the agent thereof having the charge of the business, Deductions.the following deductions only may be allowed, viz.:—

Freight.
Post, p. 474. First. Freight from the place of deposit at the time of sale to the place of delivery.

Commissions. Second. That [The] reasonable commission, not exceeding three per centum, and other expenses of sale bona fide paid; and no commission shall be deducted when the sale is made at the place of manufacture or production: Provided, That no deduction shall be made on the market value at the place of manufacture or production, on goods, wares, and merchandise consigned to auction or commission merchants for sale, or placed on shipboard to be removed from the United States, or when consigned to other than agents having charge of the business of such manufacturer or producer, nor when used or consumed by the manufacturer, producer, or agent thereof.

Manufactories of tobacco, snuff, and cigars. Sec. 87. And be it further enacted, That any person, firm, company, or corporation who shall now be engaged in the manufacture of tobacco, snuff, or cigars, or who shall hereafter commence or engage in such manufacture, before commencing, or, if already commenced, before continuing, such manufacture for which they may be liable to be assessed under the provisions of law, shall, in addition to a compliance with all other provisions of law, furnish to the assessor or assistant assessor a statement,Statement.
Post, p. 474. subscribed under oath or affirmation, accurately setting for[th] the place, and if in a city, the street and number of the street, where the manufacturing is, or is to be, carried on, the name and description of the manufactured article, the proposed market for the same, whether foreign or domestic, and if the same shall be manufactured for, or to be sold and delivered to, any other person or party, the name and residence and business or occupation of the person or party for whom the said article is to be manufactured or delivered, and generally the kind and quality manufactured or proposed to be manufactured; and shall, within the time above mentioned, apply to, and obtain from, the assessor or assistant assessor of the district in which said manufacture is carried on, or proposed to be carried on, in addition to the license required by existing laws,Permit in addition to license. a permit in writing, to be signed by said assessor or assistant assessor, in such form as shall be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, which permit shall be kept by such manufacturer suspended in some open and conspicuous place in the principal room in which such manufacturing is so carried on. And such manufacturer shall also give notice to the assessor [or] assistant assessor, in writing,Removal. of any and every change or removal made, accurately setting forth, as hereinbefore mentioned, the place where the said manufacture is to be carried on; and whenever such change or removal takes place, before it shall be lawful to commence such manufacture, a new permit in writing shall be applied for and obtained in manner aforesaid. And the assistant assessor of the proper assessment district shall be entitled to demand and receive from such manufacturer for each pe[r]mit so granted the sum of twenty-five cents.Fee for permit. And if any person or agent of any firm, company, or corporation shall manufacture for sale tobacco, snuff, or cigars of any description without first obtaining the permit herein required, such person or agent shall be subject,Penalty for working without permit. upon conviction thereof, to a penalty of three hundred dollars, and in addition thereto shall be liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, at the discretion of the court.

Assessor to keep alphabetical record. Sec. 88. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the assistant assessor of each district to keep a record in a book or books, to be provided for the purpose, to be open to the inspection of any person upon reasonable request, in which shall be arranged alphabetically the name of any and every person, firm, company, or corporation who may be engaged in the manufacture of tobacco, snuff, or cigars within his district, to whom a permit has been issued, together with the place where such manufacture is carried on and place of residence of the person or persons engaged therein; a copy of which record shall be, by said assistant assessor, forwarded to the assessor of the district, who shall preserve the same in his office.

Duty on manufactured tobacco, &c., how paid when manufactured on shares, &c. Sec. 89. And be it further enacted, That in all cases where tobacco, snuff, or cigars, of any description, are manufactured, in whole or in part upon commission or shares, or where the material from which any such articles are made, or are to be made, is furnished by one party and manufactured by another, or where the material is furnished or sold by one party with an understanding or contract with another that the manufactured article is to be received in payment therefor, or any part thereof, the duty or tax imposed by law thereon, when paid by the manufacturer, may be collected at the time, or at any time subsequently, of the party for whom the same was made, or to whom the same was delivered, as aforesaid. Fraud.And in case of any fraud or collusion by which the government shall be defrauded, or attempted to be defrauded, by a party who furnishes the material and the manufacturer of any of the articles aforesaid, such material shall be liable to forfeiture, and such articles shall be liable to be assessed the highest rates of duty imposed by law upon any article belonging to its grade or class.

Statements of different kinds of tobacco, &c. Sec. 90. And be it further enacted, That any person, firm, company, or corporation, now or hereafter engaged in the manufacture of tobacco, snuff, or cigars, of any description whatsoever, shall be, and hereby is, required to make out and deliver[Amended, Post, p. 474.] to the assistant assessor of the assessment district a true statement or inventory of the quantity of each of the different kinds of tobacco, snuff-flour, snuff, cigars, tin-foil, licorice, and stems held or owned by him or them on the day this act takes effect, or at the time of commencing business under this act, setting forth what portion of said goods was manufactured or produced by him or them, and what was purchased from others, whether chewing, smoking, fine-cut, shorts, pressed, plug, snuff-flour, or prepared snuff, the several kinds of cigars and the market price thereof, which statement or inventory shall be verified by the oath or affirmation of such person or persons, and be in manner and form as prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue; and the said person, firm, company, or corporation engaged as aforesaid, on the first day of January in every year hereafter, shall make out and deliver to the said assistant assessor a true statement or or inventory,Annual statement. in manner and form as aforesaid, and verified as aforesaid, of all such articles, aforesaid, then held or owned by him or them, setting forth all and singular what is required to be set forth in the statement or inventory first aforesaid; and every such person, company, or corporation shall keep in a book,Books. in such manner and form as said commissioner may prescribe, an accurate account of all the articles aforesaid thereafter purchased by him or them, the quantity of tobacco, snuff, snuff-flour, or cigars, of whatever description sold, consumed, or removed for consumption or sale, or removed from the place of manufacture; and he or they shall, on Wednesday of each week, furnish to the assistant assessor of the district a true and accurate copy of the entries in said bookCopies of entries to be given assessors weekly. during the week ending on the preceding Saturday, which copy shall be verified by oath or affirmation, on the receipt whereof an assessment of the duties due by said person, company, or corporation shall be immediately made and transmitted to the collector of the district, to whom said duties shall be paid within five days thereafter; and in case the duties shall not be paid within the said five days, the said collector may, on one day's notice, distrain for the same, with ten per centum additional on the amount thereof, subject to all the provisions of law relating to licenses, returns, assessments, payment of taxes, liens, fines, penalties, and forfeitures, not inconsistent herewith in the case of other manufacturers; and such duty shall be paid by the manufacturer, or the person for whom the goods are manufactured, as the assessor may deem best for the collection of the revenue: Provided,Tin-foil manufacturers or venders. That it shall be the duty of any manufacturer or vender of tin-foil used in covering manufactured tobacco, on demand of any officer of internal revenue, to render to such officer a correct statement, verified by oath or affirmation, of the quantity and amount of tin-foil sold or delivered to any person or persons named in such demand; and in case of refusal or neglect to render such statement, or of cause to believe such statement to be incorrect or fraudulent, the assessor of the district may cause an examination of persons, books, and papers to be made in the same manner as provided in the fourteenth section of this act: Provided,Proviso. That manufactured tobacco, snuff, or cigars may be transferred, without payment of the duty, directly from the place of manufacture to a bonded warehouse established in conformity with law and treasury regulations, under such rules and regulations, and upon the execution of such transportation bonds, as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe; said bonds or other security to be taken by the assessor of the district from which such removal is made, and may be transported from such warehouse to a bonded warehouse used for the storage of merchandise at any port of entry and withdrawn therefrom for consumption or [on] payment of the duty, or removed for export to a foreign country without payment of duty, in conformity with the provisions of this act relating to the removal of distilled spirits; all the rules, regulations, and conditions of which, so far as applicable, shall apply to tobacco, snuff, or cigars, in bonded warehouse. And no drawback shall in any case be allowed upon any manufactured tobacco, snuff, or cigars, upon which any excise duty has been paid either before or after it has been placed in bonded warehouse.

Monthly declarations. Sec. 91. And be it further enacted, That every manufacturer of tobacco, snuff, or cigars of any description, as hereinbefore mentioned, or his chief workman, agent, or superintendent, shall,[Amended, Post, p. 475.] at the end of each and every month, make and sign a declaration, in writing, that no such article or commodity, as aforesaid, has, during such preceding month or time when the last declaration was made, been removed, carried, or sent, or caused, or suffered, or known to have been removed, carried, or sent from the premises of such manufacturer other than such as have been duly assessed and the duties imposed by law paid thereon, on pain of forfeiting for every refusal or neglect to make such declaration, one hundred dollars. And if any such manufacturer, or his chief workman, agent, or superintendent, shall make any false or untrue declaration, such manufacturer or chief workman, agent, or superintendent, making the same, upon conviction thereof, shall forfeit three hundred dollars, or, at the discretion of the court, be liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year.

Penalty for sale of tobacco, &c., on which duties are not paid, &c. Sec. 92. And be it further enacted, That if any person other than the manufacturer shall sell, or consign, or remove for sale, or part with the possession of any manufactured tobacco, snuff, or cigars, upon which the duties imposed by law have not been paid, with the knowledge thereof, such person shall be liable to a penalty of one hundred dollars for each and every offence. And any person who shall purchase or receive for sale any such tobacco, snuff, or cigars, which has not been inspected, branded, or stamped, as required by this act,Post, p. 475. or upon which the tax has not been paid, if it has accrued or become payable with knowledge thereof, shall be liable to a penalty of fifty dollars for each and every offence. And any person who shall purchase or receive for sale any such tobacco, snuff, or cigars, from any manufacturer who has not a permit to manufacture, shall be liable for each and every offence to a penalty of one hundred dollars, and, in addition thereto, a forfeiture of all the articles, as aforesaid, so purchased or received, or the full value thereof.

Sec. 93. And be it further enacted, That all goods, wares, and merchandise,What manufactures exempt from duty. or articles manufactured or made (except refined petroleum, refined coal-oil, gold and silver, spirituous and malt liquors, manufactured tobacco, and snuff and cigars) by any person or firm, where the product shall not exceed the rate of six hundred dollars per annum, and shall be made or produced by the labor of such person or firm, or by his or their family, shall be, and are hereby, exempt from duty; where the product shall exceed such rate and not exceed the rate of one thousand dollars, the duty shall be levied, assessed, and collected only upon the excess above the rate of six hundred dollars per annum; and in all other cases the whole annual product, (including any business or transaction where one party has been furnished with materials, or any part thereof, and employed by another party to manufacture, make, or finish the goods, wares, and merchandise, or articles, paying or promising to pay therefor, and to whom the same are returned when so made and finished,) shall be assessed, and the duty paid thereon by the producer or manufacturer: Provided, That whenever a producer or manufacturer shall use or consume, or shall remove for consumption or use, any articles, goods, wares, or merchandise, which if removed for sale would be liable to taxation, he shall be assessed upon the salable value of the articles, goods, wares, or merchandise so used or so removed for consumption or use.

Duties on, &c.
Post, p. 483. Sec. 94. And be it further enacted, That upon the articles, goods, wares, and merchandise hereinafter mentioned, except where otherwise provided, which shall be produced and sold, or be manufactured or made and sold, or be consumed or used by the manufacturer or producer thereof, or removed for consumption, or for delivery to others than agents of the manufacturer or producer within the United States or territories thereof, there shall be levied, collected, and paid the following duties, to be paid by the producer or manufacturer thereof, that is to say:—

Candles. On candles, of whatever material made, a duty of five per cent. ad valorem.

Mineral coals.
Post, p. 475.
Proviso. On mineral coals, except such as are known in the trade as pea coal and dust coal, a duty of five cents per ton: Provided, That in case of contracts of lease of coal lands made prior to the passage of this act the lessee shall pay the tax, if not otherwise agreed; and all duties or taxes on coal mined and delivered by coal operators on contracts heretofore made shall be paid by the purchasers thereof, if not otherwise agreed by the parties.

Oils, animal or vegetable. On lard oil, mustard-seed oil, linseed oil, and on all animal or vegetable oils, not exempted or provided for elsewhere, whether pure or adulterated, a duty of five cents per gallon.

Illuminating gas. On gas, illuminating, made of coal, wholly or in part, or any other material, when the product shall not be above two hundred thousand cubic feet per month, a duty of ten cents per one thousand cubic feet; when the product shall be above two and not exceeding five hundred thousand cubic feet per month, a duty of fifteen cents per one thousand cubic feet; when the product shall be above five hundred thousand and not exceeding five millions of cubic feet per month, a duty of twenty cents per one thousand cubic feet; when the product shall be above five millions, a duty of twenty-five cents per one thousand cubic feet. And the general average of the monthly product for the year preceding the return required by this act shall regulate the rate of duty herein imposed. And where any gasworks have not been in operation for the next year preceding the return as aforesaid, then the rate shall be regulated upon the estimated average of the monthly product: Provided,Provisos.
Post, p. 475. That the product required to be returned by law by any gas company shall be understood to be the product charged in the bills actually rendered by the gas company during the month preceding the return; and all gas companies are hereby authorized to add the duty or tax imposed by law to the price per thousand cubic feet on gas sold: Provided, further, That all gas furnished for lighting street lamps, and not measured, and all gas made for and used by any hotel, inn, tavern, and private dwelling-house, shall be subject to duty, whatever the amount of product, and may be estimated; and if the returns in any case shall be understated or under-estimated, it shall be the duty of the assistant assessor of the district to increase the same as he shall deem just and proper: And provided, further,Provisos. That gas companies located within the corporate limits of any city or town, whether in the district or otherwise, or so located as to compete with each other, shall pay the rate imposed by law upon the company having the largest production: And provided, further,Post, p. 475. That coal-tar produced in the manufacture of illuminating gas, and the products of the redistillation of coal-tar thus produced, shall be exempt from duty.

Illuminating oil, &c. On coal illuminating oil, refined, and naphtha, benzine, and benzole, produced by the distillation of coal, asphaltum, shale, peat, petroleum, or rock-oil, and all other bituminous substances used for like purposes,Post, p. 476.
Provisos. a duty of twenty cents per gallon: Provided, That such oil, refined and produced by the distillation of coal, asphaltum, or shale, exclusively, shall be subject to pay a duty of fifteen cents per gallon,Post, p. 484. anything to the contrary notwithstanding: And provided, further, That distillers of coal—oil, or naphtha, benzine, or benzole, shall be subject to all the provisions of law applicable to distillers of spirits, with regard to licenses, bonds, returns, assessments, liens, penalties, drawbacks,Post, p. 476. and all other provisions designed for the purpose of ascertaining the quantity distilled, and securing the payment of duties, so far as the same may, in the judgment of the commissioner of internal revenue, and under regulations prescribed by him, be deemed necessary for that purpose: And provided, also, That naphtha of specific gravity exceeding eighty degrees,Post, p. 476. according to Baume's hydrometer, and of the kind usually known as gasoline, shall be subject to a tax of five per centum ad valorem.

Spirits of turpentine. On spirits of turpentine, a duty of twenty cents per gallon: Provided, That all the provisions of law relating to the assessment and collection of the duties on cotton, under rules and regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, so far as the same may be deemed applicable thereto, shall apply to the assessment and collection of duties on spirits of turpentine.

Ground coffee. On ground coffee, and on all ground substitutes for coffee, or preparations of which coffee forms a part, and on all unground substitutes for coffee, a duty of one cent per pound.

Ground pepper. On ground pepper, ground mustard, ground pimento, ground cloves, and ground clove stems, ground cassia, and ground ginger, and all imitations of the same, a duty of one cent per pound.

Molasses. On molasses produced from the sugar-cane, and not from sorghum or imphee, a duty of five cents per gallon.

Sirups. On sirup of molasses or sugar-cane juice, when removed from the plantation, concentrated molasses or melado, and cistern bottoms, of sugar produced from the sugar-cane and not made from sorghum or imphee, a duty of one cent and one fourth of one cent per pound.

Brown, &c., sugar. On brown or Muscovado sugar not above number twelve Dutch standard in color, produced from the sugar-cane and not from sorghum or imphee, other than those produced by the refiner,Post, p. 476. a duty of two cents per pound.

Refined sugars. On all clarified or refined sugars above number twelve and not above number eighteen Dutch standard in color, produced directly from the sugar-cane and not from sorghum or imphee, a duty of two and one-half cents per pound.

On all clarified or refined sugars above number eighteen Dutch standard in color, produced directly from the sugar-canePost, p. 476. and not from sorghum or imphee, a duty of three and one half cents per pound.

Sales of sugar refiners. On the gross amount of the sales of sugar refiners, including all the products of their manufactories or refineries, a duty of two and a half of one per centum ad valorem: Provided, That every person shall be regarded as a sugar refiner, and pay the duties levied by law, whose business it is to advance the quality and value of sugar upon which a duty has been assessed and paid, by melting and recrystalization, or by liquoring, claying, or other washing process, or by any other chemical or mechanical means, or who shall advance the quality or value of molasses, concentrated molasses or melado, upon which a duty has been assessed and paid, by boiling or other process.

Sugar-candy. On sugar-candy and all confectionery made wholly or in part of sugar, valued at not exceeding twenty cents per pound, a duty of two cents per pound; exceeding twenty and not exceeding forty cents per pound, a duty of four cents per pound; when exceeding forty cents per pound, or sold by the box, package, or otherwise than by the pound, a duty of ten per centum ad valorem.

Chocolate, &c. On chocolate and cocoa prepared, a duty of one and a half cent per pound.

Saleratus. On saleratus and bicarbonate of soda, a duty of five mills per pound.

Starch. On starch made of potatoes, a duty of two mills per pound; made of corn or wheat, a duty of three mills per pound; made of rice or any other material, a duty of one cent per pound.

Gunpowder. On gunpowder, and all explosive substances used for mining, blasting, artillery, or sporting purposes, when valued at twenty-eight cents per pound or less, a duty of one cent per pound; when valued at above twenty-eight cents per poundPost, p. 476. and not exceeding thirty-eight cents per pound, a duty of one and a half cent per pound; and when valued above thirty-eight cents per pound, a duty of eight cents per pound.

White lead. On white lead, a duty of thirty-five cents per one hundred pounds.

Oxide of zinc. On oxide of zinc, a duty of thirty-five cents per one hundred pounds.

Sulphate of barytes. On sulphate of barytes, a duty of twelve cents per one hundred pounds: Provided, That white lead, oxide of zinc, and sulphate of barytes, paints and painters' colors, or any one of them, shall not be subject to any additional duty in consequence of being mixed or ground with linseed oil, when the duties upon all the materials so mixed or ground shall have been previously paid.

Paints, &c. On all paints and painters' colors, dry or ground in oil, or in paste with water, not otherwise provided for, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Varnish, &c. On varnish or japan, made wholly or in part of gum copal, or other gums or substances, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Glue, &c. On glue and gelatine of all descriptions, in the solid state, a duty of one cent per pound.

On glue and cement, made wholly or in part of glue, to be sold in the liquid state, a duty of forty cents per gallon.

Pins. On pins, solid head or other, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Screws. On screws, commonly called wood-screws, a duty of ten per centum ad valorem.

Clocks. On clocks and timepieces, and on clock movements, when sold without being cased, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Umbrellas, &c. On umbrellas and parasols made of cotton or silk, or other material, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Gold leaf, &c. On gold leaf, eighteen cents per pack, containing not more than twenty books of twenty-five leaves each.

On gold foil, two dollars per ounce troy weight.

Paper. On paper of all descriptions, including pasteboard, binders' board, and tarred paper for roofing or other purposes, a duty of three per centum ad valorem.

Soap, &c.

On soap, castile, palm-oil, erasive, and soap of all other descriptions, white or colored, except soft soap and soap otherwise provided for, valued at not above five cents per pound, a duty of two mills per pound; valued at above five cents per pound, a duty of one cent per pound.

On soap, fancy, scented, honey, cream, transparent, and all descriptions of toilet and shaving soap, a duty of five cents per pound.

On soft soap, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Uncompounded chemicals. On all uncompounded chemical productions, not otherwise provided for, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Essential oils. On essential oils, of all descriptions, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Pickles. On pickles, preserved fruits, preserved vegetables, preserved meats, fish, and shellfish in cans, kegs, or air-tight packages, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Bill-heads.
Post, p. 476. On bill-heads, printed, printed cards, and printed circulars, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Books, &c.
Post, p. 476. On all printed books, magazines, pamphlets, reviews, and all other similar printed publications, except newspapers, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

On productions of stereotypers, lithographers, and engravers, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Photographs.
Post, p. 476. On photographs, or any other sun picture, being copies of engravings or works of art, or used for the illustration of books, and on photographs so small in size that stamps cannot be affixed, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Repairs of engines, &c. On all repairs of engines, cars, carriages, or other articles, when such repairs increase the value of the articles so repaired ten per centum or over, a duty of three per centum on such increased value: Provided, That on such repairs made upon ships, steamboats, or other vessels, a duty of two per centum only on the increased value shall be assessed.

Hulls of vessels. On the hulls, as launched, of all ships, barks, brigs, schooners, sloops, sail-boats, steamboats, canal-boats, and all other vessels or water craft, (not including engines or rigging,) hereafter built, made, constructed, or finished,Post, p. 476. a duty of two per centum ad valorem.

Slate, &c. On slate, freestone, sandstone, marble, and building-stone of any other description, when dressed, hewn, or finished, a duty of three per centum ad valorem: Provided, That the cost for the erection, fitting, adjusting, or setting building-stone of any description, shall not be included in the assessment of any duties thereon.

Marble. On marble, and other monumental stones, with or without inscriptions, five per centum ad valorem.

Cement. On lime and Roman or water cement, a duty of three per centum ad valorem.

Brick, &c. On brick, draining tiles, and earthern and stone water-pipes, a duty of three per centum ad valorem.

Masts, spars, &c. On masts, spars, and ship or vessel blocks, whether made to order or for sale, a duty of two per centum ad valorem.

Furniture. On all furniture, or other articles made of wood, sold in the rough or unfinished, a duty of five per centum ad valorem: Provided, That all furniture, or other articles made of wood, previously assessed, and a duty paid thereon, shall be assessed a duty of five per centum ad valorem upon the increased value only thereof when sold in a finished condition.

Salt. On salt, a duty of six cents per one hundred pounds.

Sails, &c. On sails, tents, shades, awnings, and bags, made of cotton, flax, or hemp, or part of either or other material, five per centum ad valorem: Provided, That when the material from which any of the foregoing articles are made was imported, or has been subject to and paid a duty, and the same is made by sewing,Post, p. 476. a duty shall be assessed only on the increased value thereof.

Mineral waters, &c. On artificial mineral waters, soda waters, sarsaparilla water, and all beverages used for like purposes, sold in bottles, or from fountains, or otherwise, and not otherwise provided for, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

On mineral or medicinal waters, or waters from springs impregnated with minerals, a duty of one half cent for each bottle containing not more than one pint; when containing more than one pint and not more than one quart, one cent; when containing more than one quart, for each additional quart or fractional part thereof, one cent.

Pig iron. On pig iron, a duty of two dollars per ton.

Blooms, &c. On blooms, slabs, or loops, when made in forges or bloomeries, directly from the ore, a duty of three dollars per ton.

Railroad iron. On railroad iron, a duty of three dollars per ton.

On railroad iron, rerolled, a duty of two dollars per ton: Provided, That the term rerolled shall apply only to rails for which the manufacturer receives pay for remanufacturing, and not for new iron.

On all iron advanced beyond blooms, slabs, or loops, and not advanced beyond bars, and band, hoop, and sheet iron, not thinner than number eighteen wire gauge, and plate iron not less than one eighth of an inch in thickness, a duty of three dollars per ton: Provided, That a ton shall, for all the purposes of this act,Ton to be two thousand pounds. be deemed and taken to be two thousand pounds.

Band, hoop, and sheet iron. On band, hoop, and sheet iron, thinner than number eighteen wire gauge, plate iron less than one eighth of an inch in thickness, and cut nails and spikes, not including nails, tacks, brads, or finishing nails, usually put up and sold in papers, whether in papers or otherwise, nor horseshoe nails wrought by machinery, a duty of five dollars per ton: Provided, That bars, rods, axe-polls, bands, hoops, sheets, plates, nails, and spikes, not including such as are usually put up in papers, nor horseshoe nails wrought by machinery, as before mentioned, manufactured from iron, upon which the duty of three dollars has been levied and paid, shall be subject only to a duty of two dollars per ton in addition thereto, anything in this act to the contrary notwithstanding.

Iron castings. On iron castings used for bridges or other permanent structures, a duty of three dollars per ton.

Stoves and hollow-ware.
[Railroad chairs, &c., post, p. 476.] On stoves and hollow-ware and castings of iron exceeding ten pounds in weight for each casting, not otherwise provided for, a duty of three dollars per ton.

On rivets exceeding one fourth of an inch in diameter, nuts and washers not less than two ounces each in weight, and bolts exceeding five sixteenths of one inch in diameter,Rivets. a duty of five dollars per ton: Provided, That when a duty upon the iron from which rivets, nuts, washers, and bolts, as aforesaid, shall have been made, has paid a duty of not less than three dollars per ton, a duty only, in addition thereto, shall be paid of two dollars per ton: Provided, further, That castings of iron, and iron of all descriptions advanced beyond pig iron, blooms, slabs, or loops, upon which no duty has been assessed or paid in the form of pig iron, blooms, slabs, or loops, shall be assessed and pay, in addition to the foregoing rates of iron so advanced, a duty of three dollars per ton.

Steel. On steel, in ingots, bars, sheets, or wire, not less than one fourth of an inch in thickness, valued at seven cents per pound or less, a duty of five dollars per ton; valued at above seven cents per pound, and not above eleven cents per pound, a duty of ten dollars per ton; valued at above eleven cents, a duty of twelve dollars and fifty cents per ton: Provided, That steel rolled, and sheet, rod, or wire made of steel upon which a duty has been assessed and paid, shall be assessed and pay a duty of five per centum ad valorem upon the increased value only thereof.

Steam-engines.
Post, p. 476. On steam-engines, including locomotive and marine engines, a duty of three per centum ad valorem.

Quicksilver.
Post, p. 476. On quicksilver produced from the ore, a duty of two per centum ad valorem.

Copper, &c.
Post, p. 477. On copper and lead ingots, pigs or bars, and spelter and brass, a duty of three per centum ad valorem.

On rolled brass, copper rolled, yellow sheathing-metal, in rods or sheets, and shot, sheet lead, and lead pipes,Shot, sheet lead, &c. a duty of three per centum ad valorem: Provided, That when any of the articles herein mentioned shall not have been assessed and a duty paid thereon of three per centum, in the form of ingots, pigs, or bars, a duty of five per centum shall be assessed and paid thereon.

Goat, &c., skins. On goat, calf, kid, sheep, horse, hog, and dog skins, tanned or dressed in the rough, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

On goat, calf, kid, sheep, horse, hog, and dog skins, curried or finished, a duty of five per centum ad valorem: Provided, That all goat, calf, kid, sheep, horse, hog, and dog skins, previously assessed in the rough, and upon which duties have been actually paid, shall be assessed on the increased value only when curried or finished.

Post, p. 477. On patent, enamelled, and japanned leather and skins of every description, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

On oil-dressed leather and deer skins, dressed or smoked, a duty of five per centum ad valorem: Provided, That when leather or skins, upon which a duty has been previously assessed and paid, shall be manufactured into gloves, mittens or moccasins, the duty shall only be assessed upon the increased value thereof when so manufactured.

Leather. On leather of all descriptions, tanned or partially tanned, in the rough, a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

On leather of all descriptions, curried or finished, a duty of five per centum ad valorem: Provided, That all leather previously assessed in the rough and upon which duties have been actually paid shall be assessed on the increased value only when curried or finished.

Wine. On wine made of grapes, a duty of five cents per gallon.

On all other wines or liquors known or denominated as wine, not made from currants, rhubarb, or berries, produced by being rectified or mixed with other spirits, or into which any matter whatever may be infused to be sold as wine, or by any other name, and not otherwise provided for in this act, a duty of fifty cents per gallon: Provided,Post, p. 477. that the returns, assessment, and collections of the duties on such wines shall be subject to the regulations of the commissioner of internal revenue. AndPenalty. any person who shall willingly and knowingly sell, or offer for sale, any such wine made after the passage of this act, upon which the duty herein imposed has not been paid, or which has been fraudulently evaded, shall, upon conviction thereof, be subject to a penalty of one hundred dollars, or to imprisonment not exceeding two years, at the discretion of the court.

Furs. On furs of all descriptions, when made up or manufactured, a duty of five per centum ad valorem: Provided, That all manufactured furs, on which a duty has been previously assessed and paid before manufacture, it shall be assessed only on the increased value thereof when so manufactured.

Cloth, &c. On cloth and all textile or knitted or felted fabrics of cotton, wool, or other materials, before the same has been dyed, printed, or bleached, and on all cloth painted, enamelled, shirred,Post, p. 477. tarred, varnished, or oiled, a duty of five per centum ad valorem: Provided, That thread and yarn, and warps for weaving shall be regarded as manufactures, and be subject to a duty of five per centum ad valorem.

Clothing. On ready-made clothing, boots and shoes, gloves, mittens, and moccasins, caps, hats, and bonnets, or other articles of dress for the wear of men, women, or children, five per centum ad valorem: Provided,Post, p. 477. That any tailor, boot or shoe maker, hat, cap, or bonnet maker, milliner or dressmaker, exclusively engaged in manufacturing any of the foregoing articles to order as custom work, and not for sale generally, who shall make affidavit to the assessor or assistant assessor, that the entire amount of such manufactures so madePost, p. 477. does not exceed the sum of six hundred dollars per annum, shall be exempt from duty; when exceeding six hundred dollars per annum, a duty of three per centum ad valorem on the excess above six hundred dollars.

Cotton On cotton upon which no duty has been levied, collected, or paid, and which is not exempted by law, a duty of two cents per pound, which shall be and remain a lien thereon, until said duty shall have been paid, in the possession of any person or persons whomsoever.

Manufactures, &c., of cotton. On all manufactures of cotton, wool, silk, worsted, flax, hemp, jute, India-rubber, gutta-percha, wood, willow, glass, pottery-ware, leather, paper, iron, steel, lead, tin, copper, zinc, brass, gold, silver, horn, ivory, bone, bristles, wholly or in part, or of other materials not in this act otherwise provided for, a duty of five per centum ad valorem: Provided, That on all cloths dyed, printed, or bleached,Post, p. 477. on which a duty or tax shall have been paid before the same were so dyed, printed, or bleached, the said duty or tax of five per centum shall be assessed only upon the increased value thereof: And provided, further, That any cloth or fabrics, as aforesaid, when made of thread, yarn, or warps, upon which a duty, as aforesaid, shall have been assessed and paid, shall be assessed and pay a duty on the increased value only thereof.

Diamonds.
Post, p. 477. On all diamonds, emeralds, precious stones, and imitations thereof, and all other jewelry, a duty of ten per centum ad valorem: Provided, That when diamonds, emeralds, precious stones, or imitations thereof, imported from foreign countries, or upon which import duties have been paid, shall be set or reset in gold, or any other material, the duty shall be assessed and paid upon the value only of the settings.

Cavendish, &c., tobacco.
[Amended, Post, pp. 477, 478.] On cavendish, plug, twist, and all other kinds of manufactured tobacco, not herein provided for, from which the stem has been taken out in whole or in part, or which is sweetened, thirty-five cents per pound.

On smoking tobacco manufactured with all the stem in, the leaf not having been butted or stripped from the stem, and on refuse tobacco known as fine-cut shorts, twenty-five cents per pound.

On smoking-tobacco made exclusively of stems, and not mixed with leaf or leaf and stems, fifteen cents per pound.

Snuff.
Post, p. 477. On snuff, manufactured of tobacco, or any substitute for tobacco, ground dry or damp, pickled, scented, or otherwise, of all descriptions, thirty-five cents per pound.

Chewing-tobacco.
Post, p. 477. On fine-cut chewing-tobacco, whether manufactured with the stems in or not, or however sold, whether loose, in bulk, or in packages, papers, wrappers, or boxes, thirty-five cents per pound.

Cigarettes. On cigarettes made of tobacco, enclosed in a paper wrapper, valued at not over five dollars per hundred packages, each containing not more than twenty-five cigarettes, one dollar per hundred packages. AndPost, p. 477. all cigarettes made of tobacco enclosed in a paper wrapper, valued at over five dollars per hundred packages, as aforesaid, shall be subject to the same duties herein provided for cigars of like value.

On cigarettes made wholly of tobacco, and also on cigars known as cheroots, or short sixes, valued in each case at not over five dollars per thousand, three dollars per thousand.

Cigars.
Post, p. 477. On cigars, valued at over five dollars and not over fifteen dollars per thousand, eight dollars per thousand.

On cigars, valued at over fifteen dollars and not over thirty dollars per thousand, fifteen dollars per thousand.

On cigars, valued at over thirty dollars per thousand and not over forty-five dollars, twenty-five dollars per thousand.

On cigars, at over forty-five dollars per thousand, forty dollars per thousand, and the valuation of cigars herein mentioned shall in all cases be the value of the cigars exclusive of the tax.

Cigars, how to be packed and stamped.
Post, p. 478. And all cigars manufactured after the passage of this act shall be packed in bundles, boxes, or packages open to inspection, and correctly labelled with the number and kind contained therein, and after inspection unless the same shall be removed to a bonded warehouse for exportation, shall be stamped by the inspector with stamps to be provided by the commissioner of internal revenue, denoting the tax thereon, and so affixed that the bundle or box cannot be opened without effacing or destroying said stamp. And any bundle, box, or package of cigars which shall be sold, or pass out of the hands of the manufacturer, except into a bonded warehouse, without such stamps so affixed by an inspector,Cigars sold without stamps to be forfeited. shall be forfeited, and may be seized wherever found, and sold, one half of the proceeds of such sale to be paid to the informer and the other to the United States. And every person, before making any cigars after the passage of this act, shall apply for and procure from the assistant assessor of the district in which he or she resides,Makers to obtain permit. a permit authorizing such person to carry on the trade of cigar-making, for which permit he or she shall pay said assistant assessor the sum of twenty-five cents.Post, p. 478. And every person employed, or working at the business of cigar-making in any other district than that in which he or she is a resident, shall, before making any cigars in such other district, present said permit to the assistant assessor of the district where so employed or working, and procure the indorsement of said assistant assessor thereon, authorizing said business in said district, for which indorsement the assistant assessor shall be entitled to receive from the applicant the sum of ten cents. And it shall be the duty of every assistant assessor, upon application of any person residing in his district, to furnish a permit, or to indorse upon the permit of the applicant, if resident in another district, authority to pursue the trade of cigar-making within the proper district of such assistant assessor; and said assistant assessor shall keep a record of all permits granted, or indorsed by him, showing the date of each permit, the name, residence, and place of employment of the party named therein, the name and district of the officer who originally granted the same, or who may have made any subsequent indorsements thereon, and the name or names of the party or parties by whom the person named in such permit is employed, or, if working for himself or herself, stating such fact; and every person making cigars shall keep an accurate accountMonthly account. of all the cigars made by him or her, for whom, and their kind or quality; and, if made for any other person, shall state in said account the name of the person or persons for whom the same were made, and his or their place of business, and shall, on the first Monday of every month, deliver to the assistant assessor of the district, if required by him, a copy of such account, verified by oath or affirmation that the same is true and correct. And if any person shall make any cigars without procuring such permit, or the proper indorsement thereon, he or she shall be punished by a fine of five dollars for each day he or she shall so offend, or by imprisonment for such time as the court may order for each day's offence, not exceeding thirty days in the whole upon any one conviction. And if any person making cigars shall fail to make the return herein required,Penalty for making without permit, &c. or shall make a false return, he or she shall be punished by a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding thirty days. And if any person, firm, company, or corporation shall employ or procure any person to make any cigars, who has not the permit or the indorsement thereon required by this act, he, she, or they shall be punished by a fine of ten dollars for each day he, she, or they shall so employ such person, or by imprisonment not exceeding ten days. And if any person shall be found making cigars without such permit, or the indorsement thereon, the collector of the district may seize any cigars, or tobacco for making cigars, which may be found in possession of such person, and the same shall be forfeited to the United States and sold; and one half of the proceeds paid to the United States, one fourth to the informer, and the other fourth to the collector making the seizure.

Bullion. On bullion in lump, ingot, bar, or otherwise, a duty of one half of one per centum ad valorem, to be paid by the assayer of the same, who shall stamp the product of the assay as the commissioner of internal revenue, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, may prescribe by general regulations. AndSales, &c., of gold, &c., not stamped, to be unlawful. every and all sales, transfers, exchanges, transportation, and exportation of gold or silver assayed at any mint of the United States, or by any private assayer, unless stamped as prescribed by general regulations, as aforesaid, is hereby declared unlawful; and every person or corporation who shall sell, transfer, transport, exchange, export, or deal in the same, shall be subject to a penalty of one thousand dollars for each offence, and to a fine not exceeding that sum, and to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years nor less than six months. No jeweler, worker, or artificer in gold and silver, shall use either of those metals except it shall have first been stamped as aforesaid, as required by this act; and every violation of this section shall subject the offender to the penalties contained herein. No person or corporation shall take, transport, or cause to be transported, export, or cause to be exported from the United States any gold or silver in its natural state, uncoined or unassayed, and unstamped, as aforesaid; and for every violation of this provision every offender shall be subject to the penalties contained herein: Provided, That the foregoing subdivision of this section providing for a tax on gold and silver shall only be in forceWhen this part of act takes effect. from and after sixty days after the passage of this act.

Duty on articles increased in value by polishing, &c. Sec. 95. And be it further enacted, That whenever any manufactured articles, goods, wares, or merchandise on which an excise or impost duty has been paid, and which are not specially provided for, are increased in value by being polished, painted, varnished, waxed, oiled, gilded, electrotyped, galvanized, plated, framed, ground, pressed, colored, dyed, trimmed, ornamented, or otherwise more completely finished or fitted for use or sale, without changing the original character or purposes for which the same are intended to be used, there shall be levied, collected, and paid a tax of five per centum ad valorem upon the amount of such increased value, to be ascertained by deducting from the value of the finished article when sold, or removed for sale, delivery, or consumption, the cost or value of the original article to the person, firm, or company liable to the duty imposed upon the increased value thereof. The increasing of values in the manner aforesaid shall be deemed manufacturing, and any person, firm, company, or corporation engaged therein shall be liable to all the provisions of law for the collection of internal duties relating to manufacturers, as to licenses, returns, payment of taxes, liens, fines, penalties, and forfeitures.

Exempt from duty. Sec. 96. And be it further enacted, That newspapers, boards, shingles, laths, and other lumber, staves, hoops, shooks, headings, and timber partially wrought and unfinished for chairs, tubs, pails, hubs, spokes, felloes, snaths, lasts, shovel and fork handles, matchwood, umbrella stretchers, alcohol made or manufactured of spirits or materials upon which the duties imposed by law shall have been paid, bone dust, plaster or gypsum, malt, burning fluid, printers' ink, flax prepared for textile or felting purposes until actually woven, marble and slate, or other building-stones in block, rough and unwrought, charcoal, coke, all flour and meal made from grain, bread and breadstuffs, butter, cheese,Post, p. 478. concentrated milk, paraffine, whale and fish oil, value of the bullion used in the manufacture of silver ware, silver bullion rolled or prepared for platers' use exclusively, materials prepared for the manufacture of hoop-skirts exclusively and unfit for other use, (such as cut tapes and small wares for joining hoops together,) shall be, and hereby are, exempt from duty. AndPost, p. 478. also all goods, wares, and merchandise, and articles made or manufactured from materials which have been subject to, and upon which internal duties have been actually paid, or materials imported upon which duties have been paid, or upon which no duties have been imposed by law, where the increased value of such goods, wares, or merchandise, and articles so made or manufactured, shall not exceed the amount of five per centum ad valorem, shall be, and hereby are, exempt from duty.

Existing contracts. Sec. 97. And be it further enacted, That every person, firm, or corporation, who shall have made any contract prior to the passage of this act, and without other provision therein for the payment of duties imposed by law enacted subsequent thereto, upon articles to be delivered under such contract, is hereby authorized and empowered to add to the price thereof so much money as will be equivalent to the duty so subsequently imposed on said articles, and not previously paid by the vendee, and shall be entitled by virtue hereof to he paid, and to sue for and recover, the same accordingly: Provided,Proviso. That where the United States is the purchaser under such prior contract, the certificate of the proper officer of the department by which the contract was made, showing, according to regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, the articles so purchased by the United States, and liable to such subsequent duty, shall be taken and received, so far as the same is applicable, in discharge of such subsequent duties on articles so contracted to be delivered to the United States and actually delivered according to such contract:—

Auction sales.

AUCTION SALES.

What sales included. Sec. 98. And be it further enacted, That there shall be levied, collected, and paid, on all sales of real estate, goods, wares, merchandise, articles, or things at auction, including all sales of stocks, bonds, and other securities, a duty of one fourth of one per centum on the gross amount of such sales; and every auctioneer or other person making such sales, as aforesaid, shall, at the end of each and every month, or within ten days thereafter, make a list or return to the assistant assessor of the district of the gross amount of such sales, made as aforesaid, with the amount of duty which has accrued, or should accrue thereon, which list shall have annexed thereto a declaration under oath or affirmation, in form and manner as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, that the same is true and correct, and shall, at the same time, as aforesaid, pay to the collector or deputy collector the amount of duty or tax thereupon, as aforesaid, and in default thereof shall be subject to and pay a penalty of five hundred dollars. In all cases of delinquency in making said list or payment the assessment and collection shall be made in the manner prescribed in the general provisions of this act: Provided,Proviso. That no duty shall be levied under the provisions of this section upon any sales by judicial or executive officers making auction sales by virtue of a judgment or decree of any court, nor to public sales made by guardians, executors, or administrators.

Brokers, &c.

BROKERS.

Duty on sales. Sec. 99. And be it further enacted, That all brokers, and bankers doing business as brokers, shall be subject to pay the following duties and rates of duty upon the sales of merchandise, produce, gold and silver bullion, foreign exchange, uncurrent money,Post, p. 478. promissory notes, stocks, bonds, or other securities as hereinafter mentioned, and shall be subject to all the provisions, where not inapplicable thereto, for the returns, assessment, collection of the duties, and liens and penalties as are prescribed for the persons, firms, companies, or corporations, owning or possessing, or having the management of railroads, steamboats, and ferry-boats, that is to say: Upon all sales of merchandise, produce, or other goods, one eighth of one per centum; upon all sales and contracts for sales of stocks and bonds, one twentieth of one per centum on the par value thereof; and of gold and silver bullion and coin, foreign exchange, promissory notes, or other securities, one twentieth of one per centum on the amount of such sales, and of all contracts for such sales: Provided, That any person, firm, or company, not being licensed as a broker, or banker, or wholesale or retail dealer, who shall sell, or offer to sell, any merchandise, produce, or gold and silver bullion, foreign exchange, uncurrent money, promissory notes, stocks, bonds, or other securities, not bona fide at the time his own property, and actually on hand, shall be liable, in addition to all other penalties provided in such cases, to pay fifty per centum in addition to the foregoing duties and rates of duty.

Carriages, yachts, billiard-tables, &c. Sec. 100. And be it further enacted, That there shall be levied annually, on every carriage, yacht, billiard-table, gold watch, or pianoforte, or other musical instruments, and on all gold and silver plate the several duties or sums of money set down in figures against the same respectively, or otherwise specified and set forth in schedule A, hereto annexed, to be paid by the person or persons owning, possessing, or keeping the same on the first Monday of May in each year, and the same shall be and remain a lien thereon until paid.

SCHEDULE A.

Carriages. Carriage, gig, chaise, phæton, wagon, buggy wagon, carryall, rockaway, or other like carriage, and any coach, hackney coach, omnibus, or four-wheeled carriage, the body of which rests upon springs of any description, which may be kept for use, for hire, or for passengers, and which shall not be used exclusively in husbandry or for the transportation of merchandise, valued at fifty dollars and not exceeding one hundred dollars, including harness used therewith, each, one dollar	$1 00
Carriages of like description, valued at above one hundred dollars and not above two hundred dollars, each, two dollars	2 00
Carriages of like description, valued at above two hundred dollars and not above three hundred dollars, each, three dollars	3 00
Carriages of like description, valued at above three hundred dollars and not above five hundred dollars, each, six dollars	6 00
Carriages of like description, valued at above five hundred dollars, each, ten dollars	10 00
Watches. On gold watches, composed wholly or in part of gold or gilt, kept for use, valued at one hundred dollars or less, each, one dollar	1 00
On gold watches, composed wholly or in part of gold or gilt, kept for use valued at above one hundred dollars, each, two dollars	2 00
Pianofortes. On pianofortes, organs, melodions, or other parlor musical instruments, kept for use, not including those placed in churches or public edifices, valued at not less than one hundred dollars and not above two hundred dollars, each, two dollars	2 00
When valued at above two hundred dollars and not above four hundred dollars, each, four dollars	4 00
When valued above four hundred dollars, each, six dollars	6 00
Yachts. On yachts, pleasure or racing boats, by sail or steam, measuring by customhouse measurement ten tons or less, each, five dollars	5 00
Exceeding ten and not exceeding twenty tons, each, ten dollars	10 00
Exceeding twenty and not exceeding forty tons, each, twenty-five dollars	25 00
Exceeding forty and not exceeding eighty tons, each, fifty dollars	50 00
Exceeding eighty and not exceeding one hundred and ten tons, each, seventy-five dollars	75 00
Exceeding one hundred and ten tons, each, one hundred dollars	100 00
Billiard-tables. Billiard-tables, kept for use, ten dollars	10 00
Provided, That billiard-tables kept for hire, and upon which a license tax has been imposed, shall not be required to pay the tax on billiard-tables kept for use as aforesaid, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding.
Plate. On plate, of gold, kept for use, per ounce troy, fifty cents	50
On plate, of silver, kept for use, per ounce troy, five cents	05
Proviso. Provided, That silver spoons or plate of silver used by one family to an amount not exceeding forty ounces as aforesaid, belonging to any one person, plate belonging to religious societies, and souvenirs and keepsakes actually given and received as such, and not kept for use; also, all premiums awarded as a token of merit by any agricultural society, corporation, or association of persons, for any purpose whatever, shall be exempt from duty.

Slaughtered cattle, swine and sheep.

SLAUGHTERED CATTLE, SWINE, AND SHEEP.

Sec. 101. And be it further enacted, That there shall be paid by any person, firm, company, or agent or employee thereof, the following duties or taxes, that is to say:—

Slaughtered cattle, &c. On all cattle and calves exceeding three months old, slaughtered, except when slaughtered for the hides and tallow exclusively, forty cents per head.

On all cattle and calves under three months old, slaughtered, five cents per head.

On all swine slaughtered, ten cents per head.

On all sheep and lambs slaughtered, five cents per head.

Proviso. Provided, That cattle, not exceeding five in number, and calves, swine, sheep, and lambs, not exceeding in all twenty in number, slaughtered by any person for his or her own consumption, in any one year, shall be exempt from duty; and all sheep slaughtered for the pelts shall pay two cents only per head.

Persons slaughtering to render lists monthly. Sec. 102. And be it further enacted, That on and after the date on which this act shall take effect, any person or persons, firms, or companies, or agents or employees thereof, who shall slaughter for sale, [any cattle, calves, sheep, lambs, or swine,] or who shall be the occupant of any building or premises in which such cattle, sheep, or swine shall be slaughtered, any cattle, calves, sheep, lambs, or swine, shall be required to make and render a list within ten days after the first day of each and every month to the assistant assessor of the district where the slaughtering is done, stating the number of cattle, calves, if any, the number of swine, if any, and the number of sheep and lambs, if any, slaughtered, as aforesaid, with the several rates of duty as fixed therein in this act, together with the whole amount thereof, which list shall have annexed thereto a declaration of said person or persons, agents or employees thereof, as aforesaid, under oath or affirmation, in such manner and form as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, that the same is true and correct, and shall, within the time and in the manner prescribed for the payment of duties on manufactures, pay the full amount of duties accruing thereon, as aforesaid, to the collector or deputy collector of the district, as aforesaid; and in case of default in making the return or payment of the duties, as aforesaid, the assessment and collection shall be made as in the provisions of this act required; and in case of fraud or evasion, the party offending shall forfeit and pay a penalty of ten dollars per head for any cattle, calves, swine, sheep, or lambs so slaughtered upon which the duty is fraudulently withheld, evaded, or attempted to be evaded; and the commissioner of internal revenue may prescribe such further rules and regulations as he may deem necessary for ascertaining the correct number of cattle, calves, swine, sheep, and lambs liable to be taxed under the provisions of this act.

Railroads, steamboats, ferry-boats, and bridges.

RAILROADS, STEAMBOATS, FERRY-BOATS, AND BRIDGES.

Sec. 103. And be it further enacted, That every person, firm, company, or corporation owning or possessing, or having the care or management of, any railroad, canal, steamboat, ship,Post, p. 493. barge, canal-boat, or other vessel, or any stage-coach or other vehicle engaged or employed in the business of transporting passengers or property for hire, or in transporting the mails of the United States, or any canal, the water of which is used for mining purposes, shall be subject to and pay a duty of two and one half per centum upon the gross receipts of such railroad,Post, p. 478. canal, steamboat, ship, barge, canal-boat, or other vessel, or such stage-coach or other vehicle: Provided, That the duty hereby imposed shall notProviso. be charged upon receipts for the transportation of persons or property, or mails, between the United States and any foreign port;Post, p. 478. and any person or persons, firms, companies, or corporations, owning, possessing, or having the care or management of any toll-road, ferry, or bridge, authorized by law to receive toll for the transit of passengers, beasts, carriages, teams, and freight of any description, over such toll-road, ferry, or bridge, shall be subject to and pay a duty of three per centum on the gross amount of all their receipts of every description. But when the gross receipts of any such bridge or toll-road shall not exceed the amount necessarily expended to keep such bridge or road in repair, no tax shall be imposed on such receipts: Provided, That all such persons, companies, and corporations shall have the right to add the duty or tax imposed herebyPost, p. 485. to their rates of fare whenever their liability thereto may commence, any limitations which may exist by law or by agreement with any person or company which may have paid or be liable to pay such fare to the contrary notwithstanding.Post, p. 478.

Express companies.

EXPRESS COMPANIES.

Sec. 104. And be it further enacted, That any person, firm, company, or corporation carrying on or doing an express business, shall be subject to and pay a duty of three per centum on the gross amount of all the receipts of such express business.

Insurance companies.

INSURANCE COMPANIES.

Sec. 105 And be it further enacted, That there shall be levied, collected, and paid a duty of one and a half of one per centum upon the gross receipts of premiums, or assessments for insurance from loss or damage by fire or by the perils of the sea, made by every insurance company, whether inland or marine or fire insurance company, and by every association or individual engaged in the business of insurance against loss or damage by fire or by the perils of the sea; and by every person, firm, company, or corporation, who shall issue tickets or contracts of insurance against injury to persons while travelling by land or water; and a like duty shall be paid by the agent of any foreign insurance company having an office or doing business within the United States; and that in the account or return to be rendered, they shall state the amount insured, renewed, or continued, the gross amount of premiums received and assessments collected, and the duties by law accruingPost, p. 478. thereon for the quarter then next preceding.

Passports.

PASSPORTS.

Sec. 106. And be it further enacted, That for every passport issued from the office of the Secretary of State, there shall be paid the sum of five dollars; which amount may be paid to any collector appointed under this act, and his receipt therefor shall be forwarded with the application for such passport to the office of the Secretary of State, or any agent appointed by him, to be transmitted to the commissioner of internal revenue, there to be charged to the account of such collector. And the collectors shall account for all moneys received for passports in the manner hereinbefore provided, and a like amount shall be paid for every passport issued by any minister or consul of the United States, who shall account therefor to the treasury.

Telegraph companies.

TELEGRAPH COMPANIES.

Sec. 107. And be it further enacted, That any person, firm, company, or corporation owning or possessing or having the care or management of any telegraphic line by which telegraphic despatches or messages are received or transmitted, shall be subject to, and pay a duty of, five per centum on the gross amount of all receipts of such person, firm, company or corporation.

Theatres, &c.

THEATRES, OPERAS, CIRCUSES, AND MUSEUMS.

Sec. 108. And be it further enacted, That any person, firm, or corporation, or the manager or agent thereof, owning, conducting, or having the care or management of any theatre, opera, circus, museum, or other pub1ic exhibition of dramatic or operatic representations, plays, performances, musical entertainments, feats of horsemanship, acrobatic sports, or other shows which are opened to the public for pay, but not including occasional concerts, school exhibitions, lectures, or exhibitions of works of art, shall be subject to and pay a duty of two per centum on the gross amount of all receipts derived by such person, firm, company, or corporation from such representations, plays, performances, exhibitions, shows, or musical entertainments.

Persons having charge of railroads, &c., to make monthly returns to assessors, and pay duties monthly. Sec. 109. And be it further enacted, That any person, firm, company, or corporation owning or possessing, or having the care or management of, any railroad, canal, steamboat, ship, barge, canal-boat, or other vessel, or any ferry, toll-road or bridge, as enumerated and described in section one hundred and two [three] of this act; or carrying on or doing an express business; or engaged in the business of insurance, as hereinbefore described; or owning or having the carePost, p. 479. and management of any telegraph line, or owning, possessing, leasing, or having the control or management of any circus, theatre, opera, or museum, shall within twenty days after the end of each and every month, make a list or return in duplicate to the assistant assessor of the district, stating the gross amount of their receipts, respectively, for the month next preceding, which return shall be verified by the oath or affirmation of such owner, possessor, manager, agent, or other proper officer, in the manner and form to be prescribed from time to time by the commissioner of internal revenue; and shall also pay to the collector the full amount of duties which have accrued on such receipts for the month aforesaid. And in case of neglect or refusal to make said lists or return for the space of ten days after such return should have been made as aforesaid, the assessor or assistant assessor shall proceed to estimate the amount received and the duties payable thereon, and shall add thereto ten per centum, as hereinbefore provided in other cases of delinquency, to make return for purposes of assessment; and for the purpose of making such assessment, or of ascertaining the correctness of any such return, the books of any such person, firm, company, or corporation shall be subject to the inspection of the assessor or assistant assessor on his demand or request therefor. And in case of neglect or refusal to pay the duties,Proceedings in case of neglect or refusal. with the addition aforesaid, when the same have been ascertained, for the space of ten days after the same shall have become payable, the owner, possessor, or person having the management as aforesaid, shall pay, in addition, ten per centum on the amount of such duties and addition; and for any attempt knowingly to evade the payment of such duties, the said owner, possessor, or person having the care or management as aforesaid, shall be liable to pay a penalty of one thousand dollars for every such attempt, to be recovered as provided in this act for the recovery of penalties. And all provisions of this act in relation to liens and collections by distraint, not incompatible herewith, shall apply to this section and the objects therein embraced.

Banks and banking.

BANKS AND BANKING.

Duty on deposits; Sec. 110. And be it further enacted, That there shall be levied, collected, and paid a duty of one twenty-fourth of one per centum each month upon the average amount of the deposits of money, subject to payment by check or draft, or represented by certificates of deposit or otherwise, whether payable on demand or at some future day, with any person, bank, association, company or corporation engaged in the business of banking; and a duty of one twenty-fourth of one per centum each month as aforesaid, upon the average amount of the capitalon capital. of any bank, association, company, or corporation, or person engaged in the business of banking beyond the amount invested in United States bonds; and a duty of one twelfth of one per centum each month upon the average amount of circulation issued by any bank, association,Duty on circulation. corporation, company, or person, including as circulation all certified checks and all notes and other obligations calculated or intended to circulate or to be used as money, but not including that in the vault of the bank, or redeemed and on deposit for said bank; and an additional duty of one sixth of one per centum, each month, upon the average amount of such circulation, issued as aforesaid, beyond the amount of ninety per centum of the capital of any such bank, association, corporation, company, or person, and upon any amount of such circulation, beyond the average amount of the circulation that had been issued as aforesaid by any such bank, association, corporation, company, or person, for the six months preceding the first day of July, eighteen hundred and sixty-four. AndMonthly returns. on the first Monday of August next, and of each month thereafter, a true and accurate return of the amount of circulation, of deposit, and of capital as aforesaid, for the previous month, shall be made and rendered in duplicate by each of such banks, associations, corporations, companies, or persons to the assessor of the district in which any such bank, association, corporation, or company may be located, or in which such person may reside, with a declaration annexed thereto, and the oath or affirmation of such person, or of the president or cashier of such bank, association, corporation, or company, in such form and manner as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, that the same contains a true and faithful statement of the amount of circulation, deposits, and capital as aforesaid, subject to duty as aforesaid, and shall transmit the duplicate of said return to the commissioner of internal revenue, and within twenty days thereafterMonthly payments. shall pay to the said commissioner of internal revenue the duties hereinbefore prescribed upon the said amount of circulation, of deposits, and of capital, as aforesaid, and for any refusal or neglect to make or to render such return and payment as aforesaid, any such bank, association, corporation, company, or person so in default shall be subject to and pay a penalty of two hundred dollars, besides the additional penalty and forfeitures in other cases provided in this act; and the amount of circulation, deposit, and capital, as aforesaid, in default of the proper return, shall be estimated by the assessor or assistant assessor of the district as aforesaid, upon the best information he can obtain; and every such penalty, together with the duties as aforesaid, may be recovered for the use of the United States in any court of competent jurisdiction. AndBranch-banks. in the case of banks with branches, the duty herein provided for shall be imposed upon the circulation of each branch, severally, and the amount of capital of each branch shall be considered to be the amount allotted to such branch; and so much of an act entitled "An act to provide ways and means1863, ch. 73, §7. Vol. xii. p. 712. for the support of the government," approved March three, eighteen hundred and sixty-three, as imposes any tax on banks, their circulation, capital, or deposits, other than is herein provided, is hereby repealed: Provided, That this section shall not apply to associations which are taxed under and by virtue of the act1863, ch. 58, Vol. xii. p. 665. "to provide a national currency, secured by a pledge of United States bonds, and to provide for the circulation and redemption thereof;" nor to any savings-bank having no capital stock,[Clause stricken out, post, p. 479.] and whose business is confined to receiving deposits and loaning the same on interest for the benefit of the depositors only, and which do no other business of banking: And provided, further,What banks exempt. That any bank ceasing to issue notes for circulation, and which shall deposit in the treasury of the United States, in lawful money, the amount of its outstanding circulation, to be redeemed at par, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, shall be exempt from any tax upon such circulation.

Lotteries.

LOTTERIES.

Sec. 111. And be it further enacted, That every individual partnership, firm, and association, being proprietors, managers, or agents of lotteries, shall pay a tax of five per centumDuty. on the gross amount of the receipts from the said business; and all persons making such sales shall, withinMonthly lists; ten days after the first day of each and every month, make and render a list or return in duplicate to the assistant assessor of the grossto be given to &c. amount of such sales, made as aforesaid, with the amount of duty which has accrued or should accrue thereon; which list shall have annexed thereto a declaration, under oath or affirmation, in such form and signed by such officer, agent, or clerk, as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, that the same is true and correct, and that the said proprietors, managers, and agents shall, on or before the twentieth day of each and every month, as aforesaid,Monthly payments. pay the collector or deputy collector of the proper district the amount of the duty or tax as aforesaid. And in default of making such lists or returns, the said proprietors, managers, and agents, and all other persons making such sales, shall be subject to and pay a penalty of one thousand dollars,Penalty for default in making lists. besides the additions, penalties, and forfeitures in other cases provided; and the said proprietors, managers, and agents shall, in default of paying the said duty or tax at the time herein required, be subject to and pay a penalty of one thousand dollars, or be imprisoned not exceeding one year. In all cases of delinquency in making said list, return, or payment, the assessments and collections shall be made in the manner prescribed in the provisions of this act in relation to manufactures, articles, and products: Provided, That the managers of any sanitary fair,Raffles at fairs. or of any charitable, benevolent, or religious association, may apply to the collector of the district and present to him proof that the proceeds of any contemplated lottery, raffle, or gift enterprise will be applied to the relief of sick and wounded soldiers, or to some other charitable use, and thereupon the commissioner shall grant a permit to hold such lottery, raffle, or gift enterprise, and the said sanitary fair, or charitable or benevolent association, shall be exempt from all charge, whether from tax or license, in respect of such lottery, raffle, or gift enterprise: Provided, further,No lottery legalized. That nothing in this section contained shall be construed to legalize any lottery.

Lottery tickets to be stamped. Sec. 112. And be it further enacted, That each lottery ticket, or certificate supplementary thereto, shall be legibly stamped at the time of sale with the name of the vendor and the date of such sale, under a penalty of fifty dollars, to be paid by the vendor of each lottery ticket or certificate supplementary thereto sold without being first stamped as aforesaid.

Sec. 113. And be it further enacted, That in addition to all other penalties and forfeitures now imposed by lawPenalty for selling lottery tickets without license. for the evasion of license fees or other taxes upon the lottery business, any person who shall hereafter sell or dispose of any lottery ticket or certificate supplementary thereto, or any device in the nature thereof, without having first duly obtained a license, as hereinbefore mentioned, shall incur a penalty of five hundred dollars for each and every such offence; and any person who shall purchase, obtain, or receive any lottery ticket, or any policy of numbers, tokens, certificate, wager, or device, representing or intended to represent a lottery ticket, or fractional part thereof, from any person not having a license to deal in lottery tickets, as provided by law, may recover from such person of whom the same was purchased, obtained, or received, at any time within three years thereafter, before any court of competent jurisdiction, a sum equal to twice the amount paid for the same, with just and legal costs.

Advertisements.

ADVERTISEMENTS.

Sec. 114. And be it further enacted, That there shall be levied, collected, and paid by any person or persons, firm, or company, publishing any newspaper, magazine, review, or other literary, scientific, or news publication, issued periodically, on the gross receipts for all advertisements, or all matters for the insertion of which in said newspaper or other publication, as aforesaid, or in extras, supplements, sheets, or fly-leaves accompanying the same, pay is required or received, a duty of three per centum; and the person or persons, firm, or company, owning, possessing, or having the care or management of any and every such newspaper, or other publication, as aforesaid, shall make a list or return on the first day of January, April, July, and October of each year,Quarterly returns. containing the gross amount of receipts as aforesaid, and the amount of duties which have accrued thereon, and render the same in duplicate to the assistant assessor of the district where such newspaper, magazine, review, or other literary or news publication is or may be published; which list or return shall have annexed a declaration, under oath or affirmation, to be made according to the manner and form which may be from time to time prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, of the owner, possessor, or person having the care or management of such newspaper, magazine, review, or other publication, as aforesaid, that the same is true and correct; and shall also, quarterly, within ten days after the time of making said list or return,Payments. pay to the collector or deputy collector of the district the full amount of said duties. And in case of neglect or refusal to comply withPenalty for neglect; any of the provisions contained in this section, or to make and render said list or return, for the space of ten days after the time when said list or return ought to have been made, as aforesaid, the assistant assessors of the respective districts shall proceed to estimate the duties as heretofore provided in other cases of delinquency; and in case of neglect or refusal to pay the duties, as aforesaid, for the space of ten days after said duties become due and payable, and have been demanded, said owner, possessor, or person or persons having the care or management of said newspapers or publications, as aforesaid, shall pay, in addition thereto, a penalty of ten per centum on the amount due. Andfor fraud or evasion. in case of fraud or evasion, whereby the revenue is attempted to be defrauded, or the duty withheld, said owners, possessors, or person or persons having the care or management of said newspapers or other publications, as aforesaid, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of one thousand dollars for each offence, or for any sum fraudulently unaccounted for. And all provisions in this act in relation to returns, additions, penalties, forfeitures, liens, assessments, and collection, not incompatible herewith, shall apply to this section and the objects herein embraced: Provided,Proviso. That in all cases where the rate or price of advertising is fixed by any law of the United States, state, or territory, it shall be lawful for the company, person or persons, publishing said advertisements, to add the duty or tax imposed by this act to the price of said advertisements, any law to the contrary notwithstanding; and that the receipts for advertisements to the amount of six hundred dollars annually,Exemption. by any person or persons, firm, or company publishing any newspaper, magazine, review, or other literary, scientific, or news publication, issued periodically, shall be exempt from duty: And provided, further, That all newspapers whose average circulation does not exceed two thousand copies, shall be exempted from all taxes for advertisements.

If a person has more than one place of business, tax to be collected where. Sec. 115. And be it further enacted, That whenever by this act any license, duty, or tax of any description has been imposed on any person or corporate body, or property of any person, or incorporated or unincorporated company, having more than one place of business, it shall be lawful for the commissioner of internal revenue to prescribe and determine in what district such tax shall be assessed and collected, and to what officer thereof the official notices required in that behalf shall be given, and of whom payment of such tax shall be demanded: Provided,Tax on manufactures, collected where. That all taxes on manufactures, manufacturing companies, and manufacturing corporations shall be assessed, and the tax collected, in the district within which the place of manufacture is located, unless otherwise provided.

Income duty.

INCOME.

[Amended, Post, p. 479.] Sec. 116. And be it further enacted, That there shall be levied, collected, and paid annually upon the annual gains, profits, or income of every person residing in the United States, or of any citizen of the United States residing abroad, whether derivedSources of income. from any kind of property, rents, interests, dividends, salaries, or from any profession, trade, employment, or vocation, carried on in the United States or elsewhere, or from any other source whatever, except as hereinafter mentioned, if such annual gains, profits, or income, exceed the sum of six hundred dollars, a duty of five per centum on the excessRate. over six hundred dollars and not exceeding five thousand dollars; and a duty of seven and one half of one per centum per annum on the excess over five thousand dollars and not exceeding ten thousand dollars; and a duty of ten per centum on the excess over ten thousand dollars. And the duty herein provided for shall be assessed, collected, and paid upon the gains,When assessed and payable. profits, or income for the year ending the thirty-first day of December next, preceding the time for levying, collecting, and paying said duty: Provided,Provisos. That income derived from interest upon notes, bonds, and other securities of the United States, shall be included in estimating incomes under this section: Provided,Deductions. That only one deduction of six hundred dollars shall be made from the aggregate incomes of all the members of any family composed of parents and minor children, or husband and wife, except in cases where such separate income shall be derived from the separate and individual estate, gains, or labor of the wife or child: And provided, further,Profits and losses on sales of real estate. That net profits realized by sales of real estate purchased within the year for which income is estimated, shall be chargeable as income; and losses on sales of real estate purchased within the year, for which income is estimated, shall be deducted from the income of such year.

Taxes to be deducted. Sec. 117. And be it further enacted, That in estimating the annual gains, profits, or income of any person, all national, state, and municipal taxes, other than the national income tax,[Amended, Post, p. 479.] lawfully assessed within the year upon the property or sources of income of any person, as aforesaid, from which said annual gains, profits, or income is or should be derived, shall be deducted, in addition to six hundred dollars, from the gains, profits, or income of the person who has actually paid the same, whether owner, tenant, or mortgagor; also the salary or pay received for services in the civil, military, naval, or other service of the United States, including senators, representatives, and delegates in congress, above the rate of six hundred dollars per annum;Dvidends on shares already assessed. and there shall also be deducted the income derived from dividends on shares in the capital stock of any bank, trust company, savings institution, insurance, railroad, canal, turnpike, canal navigation, or slack-water company, and the interest on any bonds or other evidences of indebtedness of any such corporation or company, which shall have been assessed and the tax paid, as hereinafter provided; also the amount paid by any person for the rent of the homestead used or occupied by himself or his family, and the rental value of any homestead used or occupied by any person, or by his family, in his own right or in the right of his wife, shall not be included and assessed as part of the income of such person. InAnnual gains, how estimated. estimating the annual gains, profits, or income of any person, the interest over and above the amount of interest paid upon all notes, bonds, and mortgages, or other forms of indebtedness, bearing interest, whether due and paid or not, if good and collectable, shall be included and assessed as part of the income of such person for each year; and also all income or gains derived from the purchase and sale of stocks or other property, real or personal, and the increased value of live stock, whether sold or on hand, and the amount of sugar, wool, butter, cheese, pork, beef, mutton, or other meats, hay, and grain, or other vegetable or other productions of the estate of such person sold, not including any part thereof unsold or on hand during the year next preceding the thirty-first of December, shall be included and assessed as part of the income of such person for each year, and the gains and profits of all companies, whether incorporated or partnership, other than the companies specified in this section, shall be included in estimating the annual gains, profits, or income of any person entitled to the same, whether divided or otherwise. InAnnual deductions, how estimated. estimating deductions from income, as aforesaid, when any person rents buildings, lands, or other property, or hires labor to carry on land, or to conduct any other business from which such income is actually derived, or pays interest upon any actual incumbrance thereon, the amount actually paid for such rent, labor, or interest shall be deducted; and also the amount paid out for usual or ordinary repairs, not exceeding the average paid out for such purposes for the preceding five years, shall be deducted, but no deduction shall be made for any amount paid out for new buildings, permanent improvements, or betterments, made to increase the value of any property or estate: Provided,Proviso. That in cases where the salary or other compensation paid to any person in the employment or service of the United States, shall not exceed the rate of six hundred dollars per annum, or shall be by fees, or uncertain or irregular in the amount or in the time during which the same shall have accrued or been earned, such salary or other compensation shall be included in estimating the annual gains, profits, or income of the person to whom the same shall have been paid, in such manner as the commissioner of internal revenue, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, may prescribe.

Lists of income to be returned under oath; Sec. 118. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of all persons of lawful age, and all guardians and trustees, whether such trustees are so by virtue of their office as executors, administrators, or in other fiduciary capacity, to make a list[Amended, Post, p. 480.] or return under oath or affirmation, in such form and manner as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, to the assistant assessor of the district in which he resides, of the amount of his or her income, or the income of such minors or persons as may be held in trust as aforesaid, according to the requirements hereinbefore mentioned, statingto state what. the sources from which said income is derived, whether from any kind of property, or the purchase and sale of property, rents, interest, dividends, salaries, or from any profession, trade, employment, or vocation, or otherwise. AndIn case of neglect, &c., to make return. in case of neglect or refusal to make such return, the assessor or assistant assessor shall assess the amount of his or her income, and the duty thereon, in the same manner as is provided for in other cases of neglect and refusal to furnish lists or returns in the provisions of this act, where not otherwise incompatible; and the assistant assessor may increase the amount of the list or return, or of any party making such return, if he shall be satisfied that the same is understated: Provided,Proviso. That any party, in his or her own behalf, or as guardian or trustee, as aforesaid, shall be permitted to declare, under oath or affirmation, the form and manner of which shall be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, that he or she was not possessed of an income of six hundred dollars, liable to be assessed according to the provisions of this act, or may declare that he or she has been assessed elsewhere in the same year for, and has paid an income duty under authority of the United States, and shall thereupon be exempt from income duty in said district; or, if the list or return of any party shall have been increased by the assistant assessor,Proceedings, if list has been increased by assessors. in manner as aforesaid, such party may be permitted to declare, under oath or affirmation, the amount of annual income, or the amount held in trust, as aforesaid, liable to be assessed, and the same, so declared, shall be received by such assistant assessor as true, and as the sum upon which duties are to be assessed and collected, except that the deductions claimed in such cases shall not be made or allowed until approved by the assistant assessor. But any person feeling aggrieved by the decision of the assistant assessor in such cases, may appeal to the assessor of the district,Appeal. and his decision thereon shall be final; and the form, time, and manner of proceedings shall be subject to rules and regulations to be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue.

Duties on incomes, when payable. Sec. 119. And be it further enacted, That the duties on incomes herein imposed shall be levied on the first day of May, and be due and payable on or before the thirtieth day of June, in each year, until and including the year eighteen hundred and seventy, and no longer; and to any sum or sums annually due and unpaidPost, p. 481. for thirty days after the thirtieth of June, as aforesaid, and for ten days after demand thereof by the collector, there shall be levied in addition thereto the sum of ten per centum on the amount of duties unpaid, as a penalty, except from the estates of deceased and insolvent persons. And if any person liable to pay such duty shall neglect or refusePenalty for neglect or refusal to pay. to pay the same, after such demand, the amount due shall be a lien in favor of the United States from the time it was due until paid, with the interest, penalties, and costs that may accrue in addition thereto, upon all the property and rights to property belonging to such person; and in default of the payment of said duty aforesaid, said lien may be enforced by distraint upon such property, rights to property, stocks, securities, and evidences of debt, by whomsoever holden; and for this purpose the collector, after demands duly given, as aforesaid, shall issue a warrant, in form and manner to be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, under the directions of the Secretary of the Treasury, and by virtue of such warrant there may be levied on such property, rights to property,Levy. stocks, securities, and evidences of debt, a further sum, to be fixed and stated in such warrant, over and above the said annual duty, interest, and penalty for non-payment, sufficient for the fees, costs, and expenses of such levy. And in all cases of sale, as aforesaid, the certificate of such saleSale. by the collector shall vest in the purchaser all right, title, and interest of such delinquent in and to such property, whether the property be real or personal; and where the subject of sale shall be stocks, the certificate of said sale shall be lawful authority and notice to the proper corporation, company, or association, to record the same on the books or records, in the same manner as if transferred or assigned by the person or party holding the same, to issue new certificates of stock therefor in lieu of any original or prior certificates, which shall be void whether cancelled or not. And said certificates of sale of the collector, where the subject of sale shall be securities or other evidences of debt, shall be good and valid receipts to the person holding the same, as against any person holding, or claiming to hold, possession of such securities or other evidences of debt.

Duty on dividends in scrip. Sec. 120. And be it further enacted, That there shall be levied and collected a duty of five per centum on all dividends in scrip or money thereafter declared due, and whenever the same shall be payable, to stockholders, policy-holders, or depositors, as part of the earnings, income, or gains of any bank, trust company, savings institution, and of any fire, marine, life, inland insurance company, either stock or mutual, under whatever name or style known or called, in the United States or territories, whether specially incorporated or existing under general laws, and on all undistributed sums, or sums made or added during the year to their surplus or contingent funds; and said banks, trust companies, savings institutions, and insurance companies shall pay the said duty, and are hereby authorized to deduct and withhold from all payments made on account of any dividends or sums of money that may be due and payable as aforesaid, the said duty of five per centum. AndLists in duplicate. a list or return shall be made and rendered to the assessor or assistant assessor in duplicate, and one of said lists or returns shall be transmitted, and the duty paid to the commissioner of internal revenue within thirty days after the time when any dividends or sums of money become due or payable as aforesaid; and said list or return shall contain a true and faithful account of the amount of duties as aforesaid; and there shall be annexed thereto a declaration of the president, cashier, or treasurer of the bank, trust company, savings institution, or insurance company, under oath or affirmation, in form and manner as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, that the same contains a true and faithful account of the duties as aforesaid. AndPenalty for default in making duplicate. for any default in the making or rendering of such list or return, with such declaration annexed, the bank, trust company, savings institution, or insurance company, making such default, shall forfeit as a penalty the sum of one thousand dollars; and in case of any default in making or rendering said list or return, or of any default in the payment of the duty as required, or any part thereof, the assessment and collection of the duty and penalty shall be in accordance with the general provisions of law in other cases of neglect and refusal: Provided,Proviso. That the duty upon the dividends of life insurance companies shall not be deemed due or to be collected until such dividends shall be payable by such companies, nor shall the portion of premiums returned by mutual life insurance companies to their policy holders be consideredPost, p. 481. as dividends or profits under this act.

Banks neglecting to make additions to surplus fund, to return semi-annually amount of profits. Sec. 121. And be it further enacted, That any bank legally authorized to issue notes as circulation, which shall neglect or omit to make dividends or additions to its surplus or contingent fund as often as once in six months, shall make a list or return in duplicate, under oath or affirmation of the president or cashier, to the assessor or assistant assessor of the district in which it is located, on the first day of January and July in each year, or within thirty days thereafter, of the amount of profits which have accrued or been earned and received by said bank during the six months next preceding said first days of January and July; and shall present one of said lists or returns and pay to the collector of the district a duty of five per centum on such profits; and in case of default to make such list or return and payment within the thirty days as aforesaid, shall be subject to the provisions of the foregoing section of this act: Provided,Proviso. That when any dividend is made which includes any part of the surplus or contingent fund of any bank, trust company, savings institution, insurance or railroad company, which has been assessed and the duty paid thereon, the amount of duty so paid on that portion of the surplus or contingent fund may be deducted from the duty on such dividend.

Railroad and other corporation bonds. Sec. 122. And be it further enacted, That any railroad, canal, turnpike, canal navigation, or slackwater company indebted for any money for which bonds or other evidence of indebtedness have been issued, payable in one or more years after date, upon which interest is stipulated to be paid, or coupons representing the interest, or any such company that may have declared any dividend in scrip, or money due or payable to its stockholders, as part of the earnings, profits, income, or gains of such company, and all profits of such company carried to the account of any fund, or used for construction, shall be subject to and pay a duty of five per centum on the amount of all such interest, or coupons, dividends, or profits, whenever the same shall he payable; and said companies are hereby authorized to deduct and withhold from all payments, on account of any interest, or coupons and dividends due and payable as aforesaid, the duty of five per centum; and the payment of the amount of said duty so deducted from the interest, or coupons, or dividends, and certified by the president or treasurer of said company, shall discharge said company from that amount of the dividend, or interest, or coupon, on the bonds or other evidences of their indebtedness so held by any person or party whatever, except where said companies may have contracted otherwise. AndReturns. a list or return shall be made and rendered to the assessor or assistant assessor in duplicate, and one of said lists or returns shall be transmitted and the duty paid to the commissioner of internal revenue within thirty days after the time when said interest, coupons, or dividends become due and payable, and as often as every six months; and said list or return shall contain a true and faithful account of the amount of the duty, and there shall be annexed thereto a declaration of the president or treasurer of the company, under oath or affirmation, in form and manner as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, that the same contains a true and faithful account of said duty. AndDefault in making returns. for any default in making or rendering such list or return, with the declaration annexed, or of the payment of the duty as aforesaid, the company making such default shall forfeit as a penalty the sum of one thousand dollars; and in case of any default in making or rendering said list or return, or of the payment of the duty, or any part thereof, as aforesaid, the assessment and collection of the duty and penalty shall be made according to the provisions of law in other cases of neglect or refusal.

Duty on income of those in the United States service. Sec. 123. And be it further enacted, That there shall be levied, collected, and paid, on all salaries of officers, or payments for services to persons in the civil, military, naval, or other employment or service of the United States, including senators and representatives and delegates in congress, when exceeding the rate of six hundred dollars per annum, a duty of five per centum on the excess above the said six hundred dollars; and it shall be the duty of all paymasters, and all disbursing officers, under the government of the United States, or in the employ thereof, when making any payments to officers andDisbursing officers to deduct the amounts. persons as aforesaid, or upon settling and adjusting the accounts of such officers and persons, to deduct and withhold the aforesaid duty of five per centum, and shall, at the same time, make a certificate stating the name of the officer or person from whom such deduction was made, and the amount thereof, which shall be transmitted to the office of the commissioner of internal revenue, and entered as part of the internal duties; and the pay-roll, receipts, or account of officers or persons paying such duty, as aforesaid, shall be made to exhibit the fact of such payment. And it shall be the duty of the several auditors of the Treasury Department, when auditing the accounts of any paymaster or disbursing officer, or when settling or adjusting the accounts of any such officer, to require evidence that the duties or taxes mentioned in this section have been deducted or paid over to the commissioner of internal revenue: Provided, That payments of prize money shall be regarded as income from salaries, and the duty thereon shall be adjusted and collected in like manner.

Legacies, &c.

LEGACIES AND DISTRIBUTIVE SHARES OF PERSONAL PROPERTY.

Sec. 124. And be it further enacted, That any person or persons having in charge or trust, as administrators, executors, or trustees, any legacies or distributive shares arising from personal property, where the whole amount of such personal property, as aforesaid, shall exceed the sum of one thousand dollars in actual value, passing, after the passage of this act, from any person possessed of such property, either by will or by the intestate laws of any state or territory, or any personal property or interest therein, transferred by deed, grant, bargain, sale, or gift, made or intended to take effect in possession or enjoyment after the death of the grantor or bargainor, to any person or persons, or to any body or bodies politic or corporate, in trust or otherwise, shall be, and hereby are, made subject to a duty or tax, to be paid to the United States, as follows, that is to say:—

First. Where the person or persons entitled to any beneficial interest in such property shall be the lineal issue or lineal ancestor, brother or sister, to the person who died possessed of such property, as aforesaid, at the rate of one dollar for each and every hundred dollars of the clear value of such interest in such property.

Second. Where the person or persons entitled to any beneficial interest in such property shall be a descendant of a brother or sister of the person who died possessed, as aforesaid, at the rate of two dollars for each and every hundred dollars of the clear value of such interest.

Third. Where the person or persons entitled to any beneficial interest in such property shall be a brother or sister of the father or mother, or a descendant of a brother or sister of the father or mother, of the person who died possessed, as aforesaid, at the rate of four dollars for each and every hundred dollars of the clear value of such interest.

Fourth. Where the person or persons entitled to any beneficial interest in such property shall be a brother or sister of the grandfather or grandmother, or a descendant of the brother or sister of the grandfather or grandmother, of the person who died possessed as aforesaid, at the rate of five dollars for each and every hundred dollars of the clear value of such interest.

Fifth. Where the person or persons entitled to any beneficial interest in such property shall be in any other degree of collateral consanguinity than is hereinbefore stated, or shall be a stranger in blood to the person who died possessed, as aforesaid, or shall be a body politic or corporate, at the rate of six dollars for each and every hundred dollars of the clear value of such interest: Provided,What exempt from tax. That all legacies or property passing by will, or by the laws of any state or territory, to husband or wife of the person who died possessed, as aforesaid, shall be exempt from tax or duty.

Duty to be a lien. Sec. 125. And be it further enacted, That the tax or duty aforesaid shall be a lien and charge upon the property of every person who may die as aforesaid, for twenty years, or until the same shall, within that period, be fully paid to and discharged by the United States; and every executor, administrator, or trustee, before payment and distribution to the legatees, or any parties entitled to beneficial interest therein, shall pay to the collector or deputy collector of the district of which the deceased person was a resident, the amount of the duty or tax assessed upon such legacy or distributive share, and shall also make and render to the assessor or assistant assessor of the said district a schedule,Lists. list, or statement, in duplicate, of the amount of such legacy or distributive share, together with the amount of duty which has accrued, or shall accrue, thereon, verified by his oath or affirmation, to be administered and certified thereon by some magistrate or officer having lawful power to administer such oaths, in such form and manner as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, which schedule, list, or statement shall contain the names of each and every person entitled to any beneficial interest therein, together with the clear value of such interest, the duplicate of which schedule, list, or statement shall be by him immediately delivered, and the tax thereon paid to such collector; and upon such payment and delivery of such schedule, list, or statement, said collector or deputy collector shall grant to such person, paying such duty or tax, a receipt or receipts for the same in duplicate, which shall be prepared as hereinafter provided. Such receipt or receipts, duly signed and delivered by such collector or deputy collector, shall be sufficient evidence to entitle such executor, administrator, or trustee, to be credited and allowed such payment by every tribunal which, by the laws of any state or territory, is, or may be, empowered to decide upon and settle the accounts of executors and administrators.Refusal or neglect to pay. And in case such executor, administrator, or trustee, shall refuse or neglect to pay the aforesaid duty or tax to the collector or deputy collector, as aforesaid, within the time hereinbefore provided, or shall neglect or refuse to deliver to said collector or deputy collector the duplicate of the schedule, list, or statement of such legacies, property, or personal estate, under oath, as aforesaid, or shall neglect or refuse to deliver the schedule, list, or statement of such legacies, property, or personal estate, under oath, as aforesaid, or shall deliver to said assessor or assistant assessor a false schedule or statementFalse schedules. of such legacies, property, or personal estate, or give the names and relationship of the persons entitled to beneficial interests therein untruly, or shall not truly and correctly set forth and state therein the clear value of such beneficial interest, or where no administration upon such property or personal estate shall have been granted or allowed under existing laws, the assistant assessor shall make out such lists and valuation as in other cases of neglect or refusal, and shall assess the duty thereon; and the collector shall commence appropriate proceedings before any court of the United States, in the name of the United States, against such person or persons as may have the actual or constructive custody or possession of such property or personal estate, or any part thereof, and shall subject such property or personal estate,Property to be sold. or any portion of the same, to be sold upon the judgment or decree of such court, and from the proceeds of such sale the amount of such tax or duty, together with all costs and expenses of every description to be allowed by such court, shall be first paid, and the balance, if any, deposited according to the order of such court, to be paid under its direction to such person or persons as shall establish title to the same. The deed or deeds, or any proper conveyance of such property or personal estate, or any portion thereof, so sold under such judgment or decree, executed by the officer lawfully charged with carrying the same into effect,Effect of deed of sale. shall vest in the purchaser thereof all the title of the delinquent to the property or personal estate sold under and by virtue of such judgment or decree, and shall release every other portion of such property or personal estate from the lien or charge thereon created by this act. AndPersons having papers relating to succession to exhibit them to assessor, &c. every person or persons who shall have in his possession, charge, or custody, any record, file, or paper containing, or supposed to contain, any information concerning such property or personal estate, as aforesaid, passing from any person who may die, as aforesaid, shall exhibit the same at the request of the assessor or assistant assessor of the district, and to any law officer of the United States, in the performance of his duty under this act, his deputy or agent, who may desire to examine the same. And if any such person, having in his possession, charge, or custody, and [any]Post, p. 481. such records, files, or papers, shall refuse or neglect to exhibit the same on request, as aforesaid, he shall forfeit and pay the sum of five hundred dollars: Provided, [That] in all legal controversies where such deed or title shall be the subject of judicial investigation, the recital in said deed shall be prima facie evidence of its truth, and that the requirements of the law had been complied with by the officers of the government.

Succession to real estate.

SUCCESSION TO REAL ESTATE.

Sec. 126. And be it further enacted, That for the purposes of this act the term "real estate" shall includeReal estate to include what. all lands, tenements, and hereditaments, corporeal and incorporeal; that the term "succession" shall denote the devolution of title to any real estate; and that the term "person" shall be held to include persons, body corporate, company, or association.

Sec. 127. And be it further enacted, That every past or future disposition of real estate by will, deed, or laws of descent, by reason whereof any perso[n] shall become beneficially entitled, in possession or expectancy, to any real estate, or the income thereof, upon the death of any person dying after the passing of this act, shall be deemed to confer, on the person entitled by reason of any such disposition,"Succession," "successor," "predecessor" to mean what. a "succession;" and the term "successor" shall denote the person so entitled; and the term "predecessor" shall denote the grantor, testator, ancestor, or other person from whom the interest of the successor has been or shall be derived.

A charge upon real estate terminated by death to be a "succession." Sec. 128. And be it further enacted, That where any real estate shall, at or after the passing of this act, be subject to any charge, estate, or interest, determinable by the death of any person, or at any period ascertainable only by reference to death, the increase of benefit accruing to any person upon the extinction or determination of such charge, estate, or interest, shall be deemed to be a succession accruing to the person then entitled, beneficially, to the real estate or the income thereof.

Persons taking succession jointly, how to pay duty. Sec. 129. And be it further enacted, That where any persons, after the passing of this act, shall take any succession jointly, they shall pay the duty chargeable thereon by this act in proportion to their respective interests in the succession; and any beneficial interest in such succession, accruing to any of them by survivorship, shall be deemed to be a new succession, derived from the predecessor from whom the joint title shall have been derived.

Benefits accruing from termination by death of charge on real estate to be a "succession." Sec. 130. And be it further enacted, That where any disposition of real estate shall be accompanied by the reservation or assurance of, or contract for, any benefit to the grantor, or any other person, for any term of life, or for any period ascertainable only by reference to death, such disposition shall be deemed to confer at the time appointed for the determination of such benefit an increase of beneficial interest in such real estate, as a succession equal in annual value to the yearly amount or yearly value of the benefit so reserved, assured, or contracted for, on the person in whose favor such disposition shall be made.

Where title passes, but beneficial ownership remains. Sec. 131. And be it further enacted, That where any disposition of real estate shall purport to take effect presently, or under such circumstances as not to confer succession, but, by the effect or in consequence of any engagement, secret trust, or arrangement capable of being enforced in a court of law or equity, the beneficial ownership of such real estate shall not, bona fide, pass according to the terms of such disposition, but shall, in fact, be reserved to the grantor or other person for some period ascertainable only by reference to death, the person shall be deemed, for the purposes of this act, to acquire the real estate so passing as a succession derived from the person making the disposition as the predecessor.

Deed without valuable consideration to confer a succession upon grantee. Sec. 132. And be it further enacted, That if any person shall, by deed of gift, or other assurance of title, made without valuable and adequate consideration, and purporting to vest the estate either immediately or in the future, whether or not accompanied by the possession, convey any real estate to any person, such disposition shall be held and taken to confer upon the grantee a succession within the meaning of this act.

Sec. 133. And be it further enacted, That there shall be levied and paid to the United States in respect of everyDuties on successions. such succession as aforesaid, according to the value thereof, the following duties, that is to say:—

Where the successor shall be the lineal issue or lineal ancestor of the predecessor, a duty at the rate of one dollar per centum upon such value.

Where the successor shall be a brother or sister, or a descendant of a brother or sister of the predecessor, a duty at the rate of two dollars per centum upon such value.

Where the successor shall be a brother or sister of the father or mother, or a descendant of a brother or sister of the father or mother of the predecessor, a duty at the rate of four dollars per centum upon such value.

Where the successor shall be a brother or sister of the grandfather or grandmother, or a descendant of the brother or sister of the grandfather or grandmother of the predecessor, a duty at the rate of five dollars per centum upon such value.

Where the successor shall be in any other degree of collateral consanguinity to the predecessor than is hereinbefore described, or shall be a stranger in blood to him,Post, p. 481. a duty at the rate of six dollars per centum upon such value.

If interest of any successor has passed to other successors, only one duty to be paid. Sec. 134. And be it further enacted, That where the interest of any successor in any real estate shall, before he shall have become entitled thereto in possession, have passed by reason of death to any other successor or successors, then one duty only shall be paid in respect of such interest, and shall be due from the successor who shall first become entitled thereto in possession; but such duty shall be at the highest rate which, if every such successor had been subject to duty, would have been payable by any one of them.

When any succession has become vested by alienation. Sec. 135. And be it further enacted, That wherever, after the passing of this act, any succession shall, before the successor shall have become entitled thereto in possession, have become vested by alienation, or by any title not conferring a new succession, in any other person, then the duty payable in respect thereof shall be paid at the same rate and time as the same would have been payable if no such alienation had been made or derivative title created; and where the title to any succession shall be accelerated by the surrender or extinction of any prior interests, then the duty thereon shall be payable at the time of such surrender or extensionPost, p. 481. [extinction] of prior title.

Real estate subject to trust for charitable purposes. Sec. 136. And be it further enacted, That where real estate shall become subject to a trust for any charitable or public purposes, under any past or future disposition, which, if made in favor of an individual, would confer on him a succession, there shall be payable in respect of such real estate upon its becoming subject to such trusts, a duty at the rate of six per centum upon the amount or principal value of such real estate.

When duty is to be paid. Sec. 137. And be it further enacted, That the duty imposed by this act shall be paid at the time when the successor, or any person in his right or on his behalf, shall become entitled in possession, to his succession, or to the receipt of the income and profits thereof, except that if there shall be any prior charge, estate, or interest, not created by the successor himself upon or in the succession, by reason whereof the successor shall not be presently entitled to the full enjoyment or value thereof, the duty, in respect of the increased value accruing upon the determination of such charge, estate, or interest, shall, if not previously paid, compounded for, or commuted, be paid at the time of such determination.

Interest in proceeds of sale of real estate to be a succession; Sec. 138. And be it further enacted, That the interest of any successor in moneys to arise from the sale of real estate, under any trust for the sale thereof, shall be deemed to be a succession chargeable with duty under this act, and the said duty shall be paid by the trustee, executor, or other person having control of the funds.

in personal property subject to trust. Sec. 139. And be it further enacted, That the interest of any successor in personal property, subject to any trust for the investment thereof in the purchase of real estate to which the successor would be absolutely entitled, shall be chargeable with duty under this act as a succession, and the tax shall be payable by the trustee, executor, or other person having control of the funds.

No allowance for contingent incumbrances; Sec. 140. And be it further enacted, That in estimating the value of a succession no allowance shall be made in respect of any contingent incumbrance thereon; but in the event of such incumbrance taking effect as an actual burden on the interest of the successor, he shall be entitled to a return of a proportionate amount of the duty so paid by him in respect of the amount or value of the incumbrance when taking effect.

nor for certain other contingencies. Sec. 141. And be it further enacted, That in estimating the value of a succession no allowance shall be made in respect of any contingency upon the happening of which the real estate may pass to some other person; but in the event of the same so passing, the successor shall be entitled to a return of so much of the dutyDuty to be returned, if, &c. paid by him as will reduce the same to the amount which would have been payable by him if such duty had been assessed in respect of the actual duration or extent of his interest: Provided,Provisos. That if the estate of the successor shall be defeated, in whole or in part, by its application to the payment of the debts of the predecessor, the executor, administrator, or trustee so applying it shall pay out of the proceeds of the sale thereof the amount so refunded: And provided, also, That if the estate of the successor shall be defeated, in whole or in part, by any person claiming title from and under the predecessor, such person shall be chargeable with the amount of duty so refunded, and such amounts shall be collected in the manner herein provided for the collection of duties.

Duty to be charged only on portion of succession received. Sec. 142. And be it further enacted, That where a successor shall not have obtained the whole of his succession at the time of the duty becoming payable, he shall be chargeable only with duty on the value thereof from time to time obtained by him; and whenever any duty shall have been paid on account of any succession, and it shall afterwards be proved, to the satisfaction of the Secretary of the Treasury, that such duty, not being due from the person paying the same, was paid by mistake, or was paid in respect of real estate, which the successor shall have been unable to recover, or of which he shall have been evicted or deprived by any superior title, or that for any other reason it ought to be refunded, the Secretary of the Treasury shall thereupon refund the same to the person entitled thereto, by draft drawn on any collector of internal revenue.

Where commissioner may compound the duty payable; Sec. 143. And be it further enacted, That where, in the opinion of the commissioner of internal revenue, any succession shall be of such a nature, or so disposed or circumstanced, that the value thereof shall not be fairly ascertainable under any of the preceding directions, or where, from the complication of circumstances affecting the value of a succession, or affecting the assessment or recovery of the duty thereon, the commissioner shall think it expedient to exercise this present authority, it shall be lawful for him to compound the duty payable on the succession upon such terms as he shall think fit, and to give discharges to the successor, upon payment of duty according to such composition; and it shall be lawful for him, in any special cases in which he may think it expedient so to do, to enlarge the time for payment of any duty.

when may commute. Sec. 144. And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for the commissioner, in his discretion, upon application made by any person who shall be entitled to a succession in expectancy, to commute the duty presumptively payable in respect of such succession for a certain sum to be presently paid, and for assessing the amount which shall be so payable he shall cause a present value to be set upon such presumptive duty, regard being had to the contingencies affecting the liability to such duty, and the interest of money involved in such calculation being reckoned at the rate for the time being allowed by the commissioner in respect of duties paid in advance, and upon the receipt of such certain sum he shall give discharges to the successor accordingly.

Duty to be a first charge. Sec. 145. And be it further enacted, That the duty imposed by this act shall be a first charge on the interest of the successor, and of all persons claiming in his right, in all the real estate in respect whereof such duty shall be assessed for five years, unless sooner paid.

Separate assessments may be made for interests in separate tracts. Sec. 146. And be it further enacted, That the commissioner shall, at the request of any successor, or any person claiming in his right, cause to be made so many separate assessments of the duty payable in respect of the interest of the successor in any separate tracts of real estate, or in defined portions of the same tract, as shall be reasonably required; and in such cases the respective tracts shall be chargeable only with the amount of duty separately assessed in respect thereof.

Sec. 147. And be it further enacted, That any person liable to pay duty in respect to any succession, shall give notice to the assessor or assistant assessor of his liability to such duty, and shall, at the same time, deliver to the assessor or assistant assessor a full and true account of said succession, for the duty whereon he shall be accountable, and of the value of the real estate involved, and of the deductions claimed by him, together with the names of the successor and predecessor, and their relation to each other, and all such other particulars as shall be necessary or proper for enabling the assessor or assistant assessor fully and correctly to ascertain the duties due; and the assessor or assistant assessor, if satisfied with such account and estimate as originally delivered, or with any amendments that may be made therein upon his requisition, may assess the succession duty on the footing of such account and estimate; but it shall be lawful for the assessor or assistant assessor,If assessor is dissatisfied. if dissatisfied with such account, or if no account and estimate shall be delivered to him, to assess the duty on the best information he can obtain, subject to appeal as hereinafter provided; and if the duty so assessed shall exceed the duty assessible according to the return made to the assessor or assistant assessor, and with which he shall have been dissatisfied, or if no account and estimate has been delivered, and if no appeal shall be takenWhen expenses may be added. against such assessment, then it shall be in the discretion of the assessor, having regard to the merits of each case, to assess the whole or any part of the expenses incident to the taking of such assessment, in addition to such duty; and if there shall be an appeal against such last-mentioned assessment, then the payment of such expenses shall be in the discretion of the commissioner of internal revenue.

Penalty for neglect in furnishing lists. Sec. 148. And be it further enacted, That if any person required to give any such notice, or deliver such account, as aforesaid, shall wilfully neglect to do so for the period of ten days after being notified, he shall be liable to pay to the United States a sum equal to ten per centum upon the amount of duty payable by him; and if any person liable under this act to pay any duty in respect of his succession shall, after such duty shall have been finally ascertained, wilfully neglect to do so within ten days after being notified, he shall also be liable to pay to the United States a sum equal to ten per centum upon the amount of duty so unpaid, at the same time and in the same manner as the duty to be collected.

Appeals. Sec. 149. And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for any party, liable to pay duty in respect of his succession, who shall be dissatisfied with the assessment of the assistant assessor, within thirty days after the date of such ass[ess]ment,Post, p. 481. to appeal to the assessor from such assessment, who shall decide on such appeal, and give notice thereof to such party, who, if still dissatisfied, may, within twenty days after notice as aforesaid, appeal from such decision to the commissioner of internal revenue, and furnish a statement of the groundsDecision of commissioner to be final. of such appeal to the commissioner, whose decision upon the case, as presented by the statements of the assessor or assistant assessor and such party, shall be final.

Duties upon successions to be collected by what officers. Sec. 150. And be it further enacted, That the duties levied and assessed upon successions by this act shall be collected by the same officers, in the same manner, and by the same processes as are or may be prescribed by law for the collection of direct taxes assessed upon lands under the authority of the United States.

Stamp duties.

STAMP DUTIES.

Sec. 151. And be it further enacted, That all laws in force at the time of the passage of this act in relationPost, p. 491. to stamp duties shall continue in force until the first day of August, eighteen hundred and sixty-four, and on and after the first day of August, eighteen hundred and sixty-four, there shall be levied, collected, and paid, for and in respect of the several instruments, matters, and things mentioned and described in the schedule (marked B) hereunto annexed, or for or in respect of the vel[l]um, parchment, or paper upon which such instruments, matters, or things, or any of them shall be written or printed, by any person or persons or party who shall make, sign, or issue the same,Stamp duties to be paid by party signing instrument, &c. or for whose use or benefit the same shall be made, signed, or issued, the several duties or sums of money set down in figures against the same, respectively, or otherwise specified or set forth in the said schedule.

Instruments not to be recorded without a stamp. Sec. 152. And be it further enacted, That it shall not be lawful to record any instrument, document, or paper required by law to be stamped, unless a stamp or stamps of the proper amount shall have been affixed; and the record of any such instrument, upon which the proper stamp or stamps aforesaid shall not have been affixed, shall be utterly void, and shall not be used in evidence.

What stamp may be used. Sec. 153. And be it further enacted, That no instrument, document, writing, or paper of any description, required by law to be stamped, shall be deemed or held invalid and of no effect for the want of the particular kind or description of stamp designated for and denoting the duty charged on any such instrument, document, writing, or paper, provided a legal stamp, or stamps, denoting a duty of equal amount, shall have been duly affixed and used thereon: Provided,Proviso. That the provisions of this section shall not apply to any stamp appropriated to denote the duty charged on proprietary articles, or articles enumerated in schedule C.

Official United State documents exempt, &c. Sec. 154. And be it further enacted, That all official instruments, documents, and papers, issued or used by the officers of the United States government, shall be, and hereby are, exempt from duty.

Penalty for forging, &c., stamps, &c. Sec. 155. And be it further enacted, That if any person shall forge or counterfeit, or cause or procure to be forged or counterfeited, any stamp or die, or any part of any stamp or die, which shall have been provided, made, or used in pursuance of this act,or the impression of stamps, &c.; or shall forge, counterfeit, or resemble, or cause or procure to be forged, counterfeited, or resembled, the impression, or any part of the impression, of any such stamp or die, as aforesaid, upon any vellum, parchment, or paper, or shall stamp or mark, or cause or procure to be stamped or marked,for stamping with forged stamps; any vellum, parchment, or paper, with any such forged or counterfeited stamp or die, or part of any stamp or die, as aforesaid, with intent to defraud the United States of any of the duties hereby imposed, or any part thereof; or if any person shall utter or sell, or expose to sale,for selling paper, &c., with forged stamp, &c. thereon; any vellum, parchment, or paper, article, or thing, having thereupon the impression of any such counterfeited stamp or die, or any part of any stamp or die, or any such forged, counterfeited, or resembled impression, or part of impression, as aforesaid, knowing the same respectively to be forged, counterfeited, or resembled; or if any person shall knowingly usefor using forged stamps; any stamp or die which shall have been so provided, made, or used as aforesaid, with intent to defraud the United States; or if any personfor fraudulently, &c., removing impression of dies, &c.; shall fraudulently cut, tear, or remove, or cause or procure to be cut, torn, or removed, the impression of any stamp or die which shall have been provided, made, or used in pursuance of this act, from any vellum, parchment, or paper, or any instrument or writing charged or chargeable with any of the duties hereby imposed; or if any person shall wilfully remove, or cause to be removed, from any stamped envelope the cancelling or defacing marks thereon, with intent to use the same, or cause the use of the same, the second time, or shall knowingly or wilfully sell or buyfor selling washed or restored stamps, &c. such washed or restored stamps, or offer the same for sale, or give or expose the same to any person for use, or knowingly use the same, or prepare the same with intent for the second use thereof, then, and in every such case, every person so offending, and every person knowingly and wilfully aiding, abetting, or assisting in committing any such offence as aforesaid, shall be deemed guilty of felony, and shall, on conviction thereof, forfeit the said counterfeit stamps and the articles upon which they are placed, and be punished by fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment and confinement to hard labor, not exceeding five years, or both, at the discretion of the court.

Cancellation of stamps. Sec. 156. And be it further enacted, That in any and all cases where an adhesive stamp shall be used for denoting any duty imposed by this act, except as hereinafter provided, the person using or affixing the same shall write thereupon the initials of his name and the date upon which the same shall be attached or used, so that the same may not again be used. AndPenalty. if any person shall fraudulently make use of an adhesive stamp to denote any duty imposed by this act without so effectually cancelling and obliterating such stamp, except as before mentioned, he, she, or they shall forfeit the sum of fifty dollars: Provided,Proprietary articles. That any proprietor or proprietors of proprietary articles, or articles subject to stamp duty under schedule C of this act, shall have the privilege of furnishing, without expense to the United States, in suitable form, to be approved by the commissioner of internal revenue,Dies, &c., for stamps. his or their own dies or designs for stamps to be used thereon, to be made under the direction, and to be retained in the possession of, the commissioner of internal revenue for his or their separate use, which shall not be duplicated to any other person. That in all cases where such stamp is used,Stamps to be so affixed as to be destroyed. instead of his or their writing the date thereon, the said stamp shall be so affixed on the box, bottle, or package, that in opening the same, or using the contents thereof, the said stamp shall be effectually destroyed; and in default thereof, shall be liable to the same penalty imposed for neglect to affix said stamp as hereinbefore prescribed in this act. AnyFraudulently using or forging. person who shall fraudulently obtain or use any of the aforesaid stamps, or designs therefor, and any person forging, or counterfeiting, or causing or procuring the forging or counterfeiting any representation, likeness, similitude, or colorable imitation of the said last-mentioned stamp, or any engraver or printer who shall sell or give away said stamps, or selling the same, or, being a merchant, broker, peddler, or person dealing, in whole or in part, in similar goods, wares, merchandise, manufactures, preparations, or articles, or those designed for similar objects or purposes, shall have knowingly or fraudulently in his, her, or their possession, any such forged, counterfeited likeness, similitude, or colorable imitation of the said last-mentioned stamp, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be subject to all the penalties, fines, and forfeitures prescribed in the preceding section of this act.

Mode of cancellation. Sec. 157. And be it further enacted, That the commissioner of internal revenue be, and he is hereby, authorized to prescribe such method for the cancellation of stamps, as substitute for, or in addition to, the method now prescribed by law, as he may deem expedient and effectual. And he is further authorized in his discretion to make the application of such method imperative upon the manufacturers of proprietary articles, or articles included in schedule C, and upon stamps of a nominal value exceeding twenty-five cents each.

Penalty for making, paying, &c., unstamped instruments, &c. Sec. 158. And be it further enacted, That any person or persons who shall make, sign, or issue, or who shall cause to be made, signed, or issued, any instrument, document, or paper of any kind or description whatsoever, or shall accept or pay, or cause to be accepted or paid, any bill of exchange, draft, or order[Amended, Post, p. 481.] or promissory note, for the payment of money, without the same being duly stamped, or having thereupon an adhesive stamp for denoting the duty chargeable thereon, with intent to evade the provisions of this act, shall, for every such offence, forfeit the sum of two hundred dollars, and such instrument, document, or paper, bill, draft, order, or note shall be deemed invalid and of no effect: Provided, That the title of a purchaser of land by a deed duly stamped, shall not be defeated or effected [affected] by the want of a proper stamp on any deed conveying said land by any person from, through, or under whom his grantor claims or holds title.

Foreign bills of exchange to be stamped before payment. Sec. 159. And be it further enacted, That the acceptor or acceptors of any bill of exchange or order for the payment of any sum of money drawn, or purporting to be drawn, in any foreign country, but payable in the United States, shall, before paying or accepting the same, place thereupon a stamp, indicating the duty upon the same, as the law requires for inland bills of exchange, or promissory notes, and no bill of exchange shall be paid or negotiated without such stamp; and if any person shall pay or negotiate, or offer in payment, or receive or take in payment, any such draft or order, the person or persons so offending shall forfeit the sum of two hundred dollars.

Stamp duty not required on, &c. Sec. 160. And be it further enacted, That no stamp duty shall be required on powers of attorney or any other paper relating to applications for bounties, arrearages of pay, or pensions, or to the receipt thereof from time to time, or upon tickets or contracts of insurance when limited to injury to persons while travelling; nor on certificates or [of]Post, p. 482. the measurement or weight of animals, wood, coal, or other articles; nor on deposit notes to mutual insurance companies for insurance upon which policies subject to stamp duties have been, or are to be, issued; nor on any certificate of the record of a deed or other instrument in writing, or of the acknowledgment or proof thereof by attesting witnesses; nor to any indorsement of a negotiable instrument, or on any warrant of attorney, accompanying a bond or note, when such bond or note shall have affixed thereto the stamp or stamps denoting the duty required; and whenever any bond or note shall be secured by a mortgage, but one stamp shall be required to be placed on such papers:Mortgages. Provided, That the stamp duty placed thereon shall be the highest rate required for said instruments, or either of them.

Stamps, stamped papers, &c., may be sold to collectors, &c. Sec. 161. And be it further enacted, That the commissioner of internal revenue be, and is hereby, authorized to sell to and supply collectors, deputy collectors, postmasters, stationers, or any other persons, at his discretion, with adhesive stamps, or stamped paper, vellum, or parchment, as herein provided for, in amounts of not less than fifty dollars, upon the payment, at the time of delivery, of the amount of duties said stamps, stamped paper, vellum, or parchment, so sold or supplied, represent, and may allow, upon the aggregate amount of such stamps, as aforesaid, the sum of not exceeding five per centumCommission. as commission to the collectors, postmasters, stationers, or other purchasers; but the cost of any paper, vellum, or parchment shall be paid by the purchaser of such stamped paper, vellum, or parchment, as aforesaid: Provided,Commission on stamps for proprietary articles, when, &c. That any proprietor or proprietors of articles named in schedule C, who shall furnish his or their own die or design for stamps, to be used especially for his or their own proprietary articles, shall be allowed the following commission, namely: On amounts purchased at one time, of not less than fifty nor more than five hundred dollars, five per centum; on amounts over five hundred dollars, ten per centum. The commissioner of internal revenue may, from time to time, make regulations, upon proper evidence of the facts, for the allowance of such of the stamps issued under the provisions of this act as may have been spoiled, destroyed,Allowance for spoiled, &c., stamps. or rendered useless or unfit for the purpose intended, or for which the owner may have no use, or which through mistake may have been improperly or unnecessarily used, or where the rates or duties represented thereby have been paid in error, or remitted; and such allowance shall be made either by giving other stamps in lieu of the stamps so allowed for, or by repaying the amount or value, after deducting therefrom, in case of repayment, the sum of five per centum to the owner thereof; but no allowance shall be made in any case until the stamps so spoiled or rendered useless shall have been returned to the commissioner of internal revenue, or until satisfactory proof has been made showing the reason why said stamps cannot be so returned: Provided, That the commissioner of internal revenue may,Certain stamps may be delivered on credit, by giving security. from time to time, furnish, supply, and deliver to any manufacturer of friction or other matches, cigar-lights, or wax tapers, a suitable quantity of adhesive or other stamps, such as may be prescribed for use in such cases, without prepayment therefor, on a credit not exceeding sixty days, requiring, in advance, such security as he may judge necessary to secure payment therefor to the treasurer of the United States, within the time prescribed for such payment. And upon all bonds or other securities taken by said commissioner, under the provisions of this act, suits may be maintained by said treasurer in the circuit or district court of the United States, in the several districts where any of the persons giving said bonds or other securities reside, or may be found, in any appropriate form of action.

Instruments not used may be presented to commissioner to determine the duty. Sec. 162. And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for any person to present to the collector of the district, subject to the rules and regulations of the commissioner of internal revenue, any instrument not previously issued or used, and require his opinion whether or not the same is chargeable with any stamp duty; and if the said collector shall be of opinion that such instrument is chargeable with any stamp duty, he shall, upon the payment therefor, affix and cancel the proper stamp; and if of the opinion that such instrument is not chargeable with any stamp duty, or is chargeable only with the duty by him designated, he is hereby required to impress thereon a particular stamp, to be provided for that purpose, with such words or device thereon as he shall judge proper, which shall denote that such instrument is not chargeable with any stamp duty, or is chargeable only with the duty denoted by the stamp affixed; and every such instrument, upon which the said stamp shall be impressed, shall be deemed to be not chargeable, or to be chargeable only with the duty denoted by the stamp so affixed, and shall be received in evidence in all courts of law or equity, notwithstanding any objections made to the same by reason of it being unstamped, or of it being insufficiently stamped.

Instruments required to be stamped not to be used without; Sec. 163. And be it further enacted, That no deed, instrument, document, writing, or paper, required by law to be stamped, which has been heretofore signed or issued without being duly stamped, or with a deficient stamp, nor any copy thereof, shall be recorded,or recorded; or admitted, or used as evidence in any court until a legal stamp or stamps, denoting the amount of duty, shall have been affixed thereto, and the date when the same is so used or affixed, with his initials, shall have been placed thereon by the person using or affixing the same; andStamps may be subsequently affixed to certain deeds, &c. the person desiring to use or record any such deed, instrument, document, writing, or paper as evidence, his agent or attorney, is authorized in the presence of the court, register, or recorder, respectively, to affix the stamp or stamps thereon required: Provided,Provisos. That no instrument, document, or paper made, signed, or issued, prior to the passage of this act, without being duly stamped, or having thereon an adhesive stamp or stamps, to denote the duty imposed thereon, shall, for that cause, if the stamp or stamps required shall be subsequently affixed, be deemed invalid and of no effect: Provided, further, That any power of attorney, conveyance, or document of any kind, made, or purporting to be made, in any foreign country to be used in the United States, shall pay the same duty as is required by law on similar instruments or documents when made or issued in the United States; and the party to whom the same is issued, or by whom it is to be used, shall, before using the same, affix thereon the stamp or stamps indicating the duty required.

Provisions as to dies, to include what. Sec. 164. And be it further enacted, That all the provisions of this act relating to dies, stamps, adhesive stamps, and stamp duties shall extend to and include (except where manifestly impracticable) all the articles or objects enumerated in schedule marked C, subject to stamp duties, and apply to the provisions in relation thereto.

Penalty for making, selling, &c., certain articles without affixing stamps. Sec. 165. And be it further enacted, That if any person, firm, company, or corporation shall make, prepare, and sell, or remove for consumption or sale, drugs, medicines, preparations, compositions, articles, or things, including perfumery, cosmetics, lucifer or friction matches, cigar-lights, or wax tapers, photographs, ambrotypes, daguerreotypes, or other sun-pictures of any description, and playing-cards, upon which a duty is imposed by law, as enumerated and mentioned in schedule C, without affixing thereto an adhesive stamp or label denoting the duty before mentioned, he or they shall incur a penalty of ten dollars for every omission to affix such stamp: Provided,Proviso. That nothing in this act contained shall apply to any uncompounded medicinal drug or chemical, nor to any medicinePost, p. 482. compounded according to the United States or other national pharmacopœia, nor of which the full and proper formula is published in either of the dispensatories, formularies, or text-books in common use among physicians and apothecaries, including homœopathic and eclectic, or in any pharmaceutical journal now used by any incorporated college of pharmacy, and not sold or offered for sale, or advertised under any other name, form, or guise, than that under which they may be severally denominated and laid down in said pharmacopœias, dispensatories, text-books, or journals, as aforesaid, nor to medicines sold to, or for the use of, any person, which may be mixed and compounded specially for said persons, according to the written recipe or prescription of any physician or surgeon.

Penalty for removing stamps once affixed to evade duty; Sec. 166. And be it further enacted, That every manufacturer or maker of any of the articles for sale mentioned in schedule C, after the same shall have been so made, and the particulars hereinbefore required as to stamps have been complied with, who shall take off, remove, or detach, or cause, or permit, or suffer to be taken off, or removed, or detached, any stamp, or who shall use any stamp, or any wrapper or cover to which any stamp is affixed, to cover any other article or commodity than that originally contained in such wrapper or cover, with such stamp when first used, with the intent to evade the stamp duties, shall for every such article, respectively, in respect of which any such offence shall be committed, be subject to a penalty of fifty dollars, to be recovered together with the costs thereupon accruing; and every such article or commodity as aforesaid shall also be forfeited.

for selling, &c., certain articles without stamps. Sec. 167. And be it further enacted, That on and after the passage of this act every maker or manufacturer of any of the articles or or commodities mentioned in schedule C, as aforesaid, who shall sell, send out, remove, or deliver any article or commodity,Post, p. 482. manufactured as aforesaid, before the duty thereon shall have been fully paid, by affixing thereon the proper stamp, as provided by law, or who shall hide or conceal, or cause to be hidden or concealed, or who shall remove or convey away, or deposit, or cause to be removed or conveyed away from or deposited in any place, any such article or commodity, to evade the duty chargeable thereon, or any part thereof, shall be subject to a penalty of one hundred dollars, together with the forfeiture of any such article or commodity.

Medicines, &c., to be made, &c., without duty, to be manufactured in warehouses. Sec. 168. And be it further enacted, That all medicines, preparations, compositions, perfumery, cosmetics, lucifer or friction matches, and cigar-lights, or wax tapers, cordials, and other liquors manufactured wholly or in part of domestic spirits, intended for exportation, as provided for by law, in order to be manufactured and sold or removed, without being charged with duty, and without having a stamp affixed thereto,Post, p. 482. shall, under such rules and regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, be made and manufactured in warehouses similarly constructed to those known and designated in treasury regulations as bonded warehouses, class two: Provided,Manufacturers to give bonds, &c. That such manufacturer shall first give satisfactory bonds to the collector of internal revenue for the faithful observance of all the provisions of law and the rules and regulations as aforesaid, in amount not less than half of that required by the regulations of the Secretary of the Treasury from persons allowed bonded warehouses. SuchManufactured goods may be removed for exportation. goods, when manufactured in such warehouses, may be removed for exportation, under the direction of the proper officer having charge thereof, who shall be designated by the Secretary of the Treasury, without being charged with duty, and without having a stamp affixed thereto. Any manufacturer of the articles aforesaid, or of any of them,Warehouses may be used for what. having such bonded warehouse, as aforesaid, shall be at liberty, under such rules and regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, to convey therein any materials to be used in such manufacture which are allowed by the provisions of law to be exported free from tax or duty, as well as the necessary materials, implements, packages, vessels, brands, and labels for the preparation, putting up, and export of the said manufactured articles; and every article so used shall be exempt from the payment of stamp and excise duty by such manufacturer. Articles and materials so to be used may be transferred from any bonded warehouse in which the same may be,Materials used in the manufacture. under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, into any bonded warehouse in which such manufacture may be conducted, and may be used in such manufacture, and, when so used, shall be exempt from stamp and excise duty; and the receipt of the officer in charge, as aforesaid, shall be received as a voucher for the manufacture of such articles. Any materials imported into the United States may, under such rules as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, and under the direction of the proper officer, be removed in original packages from on shipboard, or from the bonded warehouse in which the same may be, into the bonded warehouse in which such manufacture may be carried on, for the purpose of being used in such manufacture, without payment of duties thereon, and may there be used in such manufacture. No article so removed, nor any article manufactured in said bonded warehouse, shall be taken therefrom, except for exportation, under the direction of the proper officer having charge thereof, as aforesaid, whose certificate, describing the articles by their marks, or otherwise, the quantity, the date of importation, the name of vessel, with such additional particulars as may from time to time be required, shall be received by the collector of customs in cancellation of the bonds, or return of the amount of foreign import duties. AllLabor. labor performed and services rendered under these regulations shall be under the supervision of an officer of the customs, and at the expense of the manufacturer.

Who to be deemed manufacturers of certain articles. Sec. 169. And be it further enacted, That any person who shall offer for sale any of the articles named in schedule C, whether the articles so offered are imported, or are of foreign or domestic manufacture, shall be deemed the manufacturer thereof, and subject to all the duties, liabilities, and penalties imposed by law in regardPost, p. 482. to the sale of domestic articles without the use of the proper stamp or stamps denoting the duty paid thereon: Provided,Proviso. That when any such imported articles shall be sold in the original and unbroken package in which the bottles or other enclosuresPost, p. 483. were packed by the manufacturer, the person so selling said articles shall not be subject to any penalty on account of the want of the proper stamp.

In certain districts, stamps, &c., may be delivered to collector without prepayment. Sec. 170. And be it further enacted, That in any collection district where, in the judgment of the commissioner of internal revenue, the facilities for the procurement and distribution of stamped vellum, parchment, or paper, and adhesive stamps, are or shall be insufficient, the commissioner, as aforesaid, is authorized to furnish, supply, and deliver to the collector and to the assessor of any such district, and to any assistant treasurer of the United States, or designated depositary thereof, or any postmaster, a suitable quantity or amount of stamped vellum, parchment or paper, and adhesive stamps, without prepayment therefor, and shall allow the highest rate of commissions allowed by law to any other parties purchasing the same, and may in advance require of any such collector, assessor, assistant treasurer of the United States, or postmaster,Bond to be given. a bond, with sufficient sureties, to an amount equal to the value of any stamped vellum, parchment, or paper, and adhesive stamps which may be placed in his hands and remain unaccounted for, conditioned for the faithful return, whenever so required, of all quantities or amounts undisposed of, and for the payment, monthly, of all quantities or amounts, sold or not, remaining on hand. AndDeputy collectors to be supplied with stamps. it shall be the duty of such collector to supply his deputies with, or sell to other parties within his district who may make application therefor, stamped vellum, parchment, or paper, and adhesive stamps, upon the same terms allowed by law, or under the regulations of the commissioner of internal revenue, who is hereby authorized to make such other regulations, not inconsistent herewith, for the security of the United States and the better accommodation of the public, in relation to the matters hereinbefore mentioned, as he may judge necessary and expedient. And the Secretary of the Treasury may, from time to time,Regulations. make such regulations as he may find necessary to insure the safe-keeping or prevent the illegal use of all such stamped vellum, parchment, paper, and adhesive stamps.

Schedule B.

SCHEDULE B.

STAMP DUTIES	Duty. Dolls. cts.
Agreement of contract, other than those specified in this schedule; any appraisement of value or damage, or for any other purpose; for every sheet or piece of paper upon which either of the same shall be written, five cents.	5
Provided, That if more than one appraisement, agreement, or contract shall be written upon one sheet or piece of paper, five cents for each and every additional appraisement, agreement, or contract.
Bank check, draft, or order for the payment of any sum of money whatsoever, drawn upon any bank, banker, or trust company, or for any sum exceeding ten dollars drawn upon any other person or persons, companies, or corporations, at sight or on demand, two cents.	2
Bill of exchange, (inland,) draft, or order for the payment of any sum of money, not exceeding one hundred dollars, otherwise than at sight or on demand, or any promissory note, (except bank-notes issued for circulation, and checks made and intended to be forthwith presented, and which shall be presented to a bank or banker for payment,) or any memorandum, check, receipt, or other written or printed evidence of an amount of money to be paid on demand, or at a time designated, for a sum not exceeding one hundred dollars, five cents.	5
And for every additional hundred dollars, or fractional part thereof in excess of one hundred dollars, five cents.	5
Bill of exchange, (foreign,) or letter of credit, drawn in but payable out of the United States, if drawn singly, or otherwise than in a set of three or more, according to the custom of merchants and bankers, shall pay the same rates of duty as inland bills of exchange or promissory notes.
If drawn in sets of three or more: For every bill of each set, where the sum made payable shall not exceed one hundred dollars, or the equivalent thereof, in any foreign currency in which such bills may be expressed, according to the standard of value fixed by the United States, two cents.	2
And for every additional hundred dollars or fractional part thereof in excess of one hundred dollars, two cents.	2
Bill of lading or receipt, (other than charter-party,) for any goods, merchandise, or effects, to be exported from a port or place in the United States to any foreign port or place, ten cents.	10
Bill of sale by which any ship or vessel, or any part thereof, shall be conveyed to or vested in any other person or persons, when the consideration shall not exceed five hundred dollars, fifty cents.	50
Exceeding five hundred dollars and not exceeding one thousand dollars, one dollar.	1  00
Exceeding one thousand dollars for every additional amount of five hundred dollars, or fractional part thereof, fifty cents.	50
Bond for indemnifying any person for the payment of any sum of money, where the money ultimately recoverable thereupon is one thousand dollars or less, fifty cents.	50
Where the money ultimately recoverable thereupon exceeds one thousand dollars, for every additional one thousand dollars or fractional part thereof in excess of one thousand dollars, fifty cents	50
Bond for the due execution or performance of the duties of any office, one dollar	1  00
Bond of any description, other than such as may be required in legal proceedings, or used in connection with mortgage deeds, and not otherwise charged in this schedule, twenty-five cents	25
Certificate of stock in any incorporated company, twenty-five cents	25
Certificate of profits, or any certificate or memorandum showing an interest in the property or accumulations of any incorporated company, if for a sum not less than ten dollars and not exceeding fifty dollars, ten cents	10
Exceeding fifty dollars and not exceeding one thousand dollars, twenty-five cents	25
Exceeding one thousand dollars, for every additional one thousand dollars, or fractional part thereof, twenty-five cents	25
Certificate. — Any certificate of damage, or otherwise, and all other certificates or documents issued by any port warden, marine surveyor, or other person acting as such, twenty-five cents	25
Certificate of deposit of any sum of money in any bank or trust company, or with any banker or person acting as such—
If for a sum not exceeding one hundred dollars, two cents	2
For a sum exceeding one hundred dollars, five cents	5
Certificate of any other description than those specified, five cents	5
Charter-party. — Contract or agreement for the charter of any ship or vessel, or steamer, or any letter, memorandum, or other writing between the captain, master, or owner, or person acting as agent of any ship or vessel, or steamer, and any other person or persons for, or relating, to the charter of such ship or vessel, or steamer, or any renewal or transfer thereof, if the registered tonnage of such ship or vessel, or steamer, does not exceed one hundred and fifty tons, one dollar	1  00
Exceeding one hundred and fifty tons, and not exceeding three hundred tons, three dollars	3  00
Exceeding three hundred tons, and not exceeding six hundred tons, five dollars	5  00
Exceeding six hundred tons, ten dollars	10  00
Contract. — Broker's note, or memorandum of sale of any goods or merchandise, stocks, bonds, exchange, notes of hand, real estate, or property of any kind or description issued by brokers or persons acting as such, for each note or memorandum of sale, ten cents	10
Conveyance. — Deed, instrument, or writing, whereby any lands, tenements, or other realty sold shall be granted, assigned, transferred, or otherwise conveyed to, or vested in, the purchaser or purchasers, or any other person or persons by his, her, or their direction, when the consideration or value does not exceed five hundred dollars, fifty cents	50
When the consideration exceeds five hundred dollars, and does not exceed one thousand dollars, one dollar	1  00
And for every additional five hundred dollars, or fractional part thereof, in excess of one thousand dollars, fifty cents	50
Entry of any goods, wares, or merchandise at any custom-house, either for consumption or warehousing, not exceeding one hundred dollars in value, twenty-five cents	25
Exceeding one hundred dollars, and not exceeding five hundred dollars in value, fifty cents	50
Exceeding five hundred dollars in value, one dollar	1  00
Entry for the withdrawal of any goods or merchandise from bonded warehouse, fifty cents	50
Gaugers' returns, if for a quantity not exceeding five hundred gallons gross, ten cents	10
Exceeding five hundred gallons gross, twenty-five cents	25
Insurance, (life.) — Policy of insurance, or other instrument, by whatever name the same shall be called, whereby any insurance shall be made upon any life or lives—
When the amount insured shall not exceed one thousand dollars, twenty-five cents	25
Exceeding one thousand dollars and not exceeding five thousand dollars, fifty cents	50
Exceeding five thousand dollars, one dollar	1  00
Insurance, (marine, inland, and fire.) — Each policy of insurance or other instrument, by whatever name the same shall be called, by which insurance shall be made or renewed upon property of any description, whether against perils by the sea or by fire, or other peril of any kind, made by any insurance company, or its agents, or by any other company or person, the premium upon which does not exceed ten dollars, ten cents	10
Exceeding ten and not exceeding fifty dollars, twenty-five cents	25
Exceeding fifty dollars, fifty cents	50
Lease, agreement, memorandum, or contract for the hire, use, or rent of any land, tenement, or portion thereof,Post, p. 482. where the rent or rental value is three hundred dollars per annum or less, fifty cents	50
Where the rent or rental value exceeds the sum of three hundred dollars per annum, for each additional two hundred dollars, or fractional part thereof in excess of three hundred dollars, fifty cents	50
Manifest for custom-house entry or clearance of the cargo of any ship, vessel, or steamer for a foreign port—
If the registered tonnage of such ship, vessel, or steamer does not exceed three hundred tons, one dollar	1  00
Exceeding three hundred tons, and not exceeding six hundred tons, three dollars	3  00
Exceeding six hundred tons, five dollars	5  00
Measurers' returns, if for a quantity not exceeding one thousand bushels, ten cents	10
Exceeding one thousand bushels, twenty-five cents	25
Mortgage of lands, estate, or property, real or personal, heritable or movable, whatsoever, where the same shall be made as security for the payment of any definite and certain sum of money lent at the time or previously due and owing or forborne to be paid, being payable; also any conveyance of any lands, estate, or property whatsoever, in trust, to be sold or otherwise converted into money, which shall be intended only as security, and shall be redeemable before the sale or other disposal thereof, either by express stipulation or otherwise; or any personal bond given as security for the payment of any definite or certain sum of money exceeding one hundred dollars, and not exceeding five hundred dollars, fifty cents	50
Exceeding five hundred dollars, and not exceeding one thousand dollars, one dollar	1  00
And for every additional five hundred dollars, or fractional part thereof, in excess of one thousand dollars, fifty cents	50
Provided, That upon each and every assignment or transfer of a mortgage, lease, or policy of insurance,Post, p. 482. or the renewal or continuance of any agreement, contract, or charter, by letter or otherwise, a stamp duty shall be required and paid equal to that imposed on the original instrument.
Passage ticket, by any vessel from a port in the United States to a foreign port, not exceeding thirty-five dollars, fifty cents	50
Exceeding thirty-five dollars and not exceeding fifty dollars, one dollar	1  00
And for every additional fifty dollars, or fractional part thereof, in excess of fifty dollars, one dollar	1  00
Power of attorney for the sale or transfer of any stock, bonds, or scrip, or for the collection of any dividends or interest thereon, twenty-five cents	25
Power of attorney or proxy for voting at any election for officers of any incorporated company or society, except religious, charitable, or literary societies, or public cemeteries, ten cents	10
Power of attorney to receive or collect rent, twenty-five cents	25
Power of attorney to sell and convey real estate, or to rent or lease the same, one dollar	1  00
Power of attorney for any other purpose, fifty cents	50
Probate of will, or letters of administration: Where the estate and effects for or in respect of which such probate or letters of administration applied for shall be sworn or declared not to exceed the value of two thousand dollars, one dollar	1  00
Exceeding two thousand dollars, for every additional thousand dollars, or fractional part thereof, in excess of two thousand dollars, fifty cents	50
Protest. — Upon the protest of every note, bill of exchange, acceptance, check or draft, or any marine protest, whether protested by a notary public or by any other officer who may be authorized by the law of any state or states to make such protest, twenty-five cents	25
Receipts for the payment of any sum of money, or for the payment of any debt due, exceeding twenty dollars,Post, p. 482. not being for the satisfaction of any mortgage or judgment or decree of any court, and a receipt for the delivery of any property, two cents	2
Warehouse receipt for property, goods, wares, or merchandise, not otherwise provided for, in any public or private warehouse, when the property or goods so deposited or stored shall not exceed in value five hundred dollars, ten cents	10
Exceeding in value five hundred dollars and not exceeding one thousand dollars, twenty cents	20
Exceeding in value one thousand dollars, for every additional one thousand dollars, ten cents	10
Warehouse receipt for any goods, merchandise, or property of any kind, not otherwise provided for, held on storage in any public or private warehouse or yard, twenty-five cents	25
Weighers' returns, if for a weight not exceeding five thousand pounds, ten cents	10
Exceeding five thousand pounds, twenty-five cents	25
Legal Documents:
Writ, or other original process by which any suit is commenced in any court of record, either of law or equity, fifty cents	50
Where the amount claimed in a writ, issued by a court not of record, is one hundred dollars or over, fifty cents	50
Upon every confession of judgment, or cognovit, for one hundred dollars or over, (except in those cases where the tax for the writ of a commencement of suit has been paid,) fifty cents	50
Writs or other process on appeals from justices' courts or other courts of inferior jurisdiction to a court of record, fifty cents	50
Warrant of distress, when the amount of rent claimed does not exceed one hundred dollars, twenty-five cents	25
When the amount claimed exceeds one hundred dollars, fifty cents	50
Provided, That no writ, summons, or other process issued by, and returnable to, a justice of the peace, except as hereinbefore provided, or by any police or municipal court having no larger jurisdiction as to the amount of damages it may render than a justice of the piece [peace] in the same state, or issued in any criminal or other suits commenced by the United States, or any state, shall be subject to the payment of stamp duties: And provided further, That the stamp duties imposed by the foregoing schedule B on manifests, bills of lading, and passage-tickets, shall not apply to steamboats or other vessels plying between ports of the United States and ports in British North America.
Affidavits in suits or legal proceedings shall be exempt from stamp duty.

Schedule C.

SCHEDULE C.

Medicines or preparations.

MEDICINES OR PREPARATIONS.
For and upon every packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, containing any pills, powders, tinctures, troches, lozenges, sirups, cordials, bitters, anodynes, tonics, plasters, liniments, salves, ointments, pastes, drops, waters, essences, spirits, oils, or other medicinal preparations or compositions whatsoever, made and sold, or removed for consumption and sale, by any person or persons whatever, wherein the person making or preparing the same has, or claims to have, any private formula or occult secret or art for the making or preparing the same, or has, or claims to have, any exclusive right or title to the making or preparing the same, or which are prepared, uttered, vended, or exposed for sale under any letters-patent, or held out or recommended to the public by the makers, venders, or proprietors thereof as proprietary medicines, or as remedies or specifics for any disease, diseases, or affections whatever affecting the human or animal body, as follows: where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, with its contents, shall not exceed, at retail price, or value, the sum of twenty-five cents, one cent	1
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, with its contents, shall exceed the retail price or value of twenty-five cents, and not exceed the retail price or value of fifty cents, two cents	2
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, with its contents, shall exceed the retail price or value of fifty cents, and shall not exceed the retail price or value of seventy-five cents, three cents	3
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, with its contents, shall exceed the retail price or value of seventy-five cents, and shall not exceed the retail price or value of one dollar, four cents	4
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, with its contents, shall exceed the retail price or value of one dollar, for each and every fifty cents or fractional part thereof over and above the one dollar, as before mentioned, an additional two cents	2
Perfumery, &c.PERFUMERY, COSMETICS, PHOTOGRAPHS, MATCHES, AND CARDS.
For and upon every packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, containing any essence, extract, toilet water, cosmetic, hair oil, pomade, hair-dressing, hair restorative, hair dye, tooth-wash, dentifrice, toothpaste, aromatic cachous, or any similar articles, by whatsoever name the same heretofore have been, now are, or may hereafter be called, known, or distinguished, used or applied, or to be used or applied as perfumes or applications to the hair, mouth, or skin, made, prepared, and sold or removed for consumption and sale in the United States, where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, with its contents, shall not exceed, at the retail price or value, the sum of twenty-five cents, one cent	1
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, with its contents, shall exceed the retail price or value of twenty-five cents, and shall not exceed the retail price or value of fifty cents, two cents	2
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, with its contents, shall exceed the retail price or value of fifty cents, and shall not exceed the retail price or value of seventy-five cents, three cents	3
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, with its contents, shall exceed the retail price or value of seventy-five cents, and shall not exceed the retail price or value of one dollar, four cents	4
Where such packet, box, bottle, pot, phial, or other enclosure, with its contents, shall exceed the retail price or value of one dollar, for each and every fifty cents or fractional part thereof over and above the one dollar, as before mentioned, an additional two cents	2
Friction matches, or lucifer matches, or other articles made in part of wood, and used for like purposes, in parcels or packages containing one hundred matches or less, for each parcel or package, one cent	1
When in parcels or packages containing more than one hundred and not more than two hundred matches, for each parcel or package, two cents	2
And for every additional one hundred matches or fractional part thereof, one cent	1
For all cigar-lights and wax tapers, double the rates herein imposed upon friction or lucifer matches: Provided, That the stamp duties herein provided for on friction or lucifer matches made in part of wood, or cigar-lights or wax tapers, shall not be imposed until the first day of September, eighteen hundred and sixty-four; but until that time the tax shall be assessed and collected as heretofore, and on and after said first day of September, every package or parcel sold by any person, firm, company, or corporation, shall be stamped as herein required.
Photographs, ambrotypes, daguerreotypes, or any sun-pictures, except as hereinbefore provided, upon each and every picture of which the retail price shall not exceed twenty-five cents, two cents	2
Exceeding the retail price of twenty-five cents, and not exceeding the sum of fifty cents, three cents	3
Exceeding the retail price of fifty cents, and not exceeding one dollar, five cents	5
Exceeding the retail price of one dollar, for every additional dollar or fractional part thereof, five cents	5
Playing-cards. — For and upon every pack of whatever number, when the retail price per pack does not exceedPost, p. 482. eighteen cents, two cents	2
Exceeding the retail price of eighteen cents, and not exceeding twenty-five cents per pack, four cents	4
Exceeding the retail price of twenty-five cents, and not exceeding fifty cents per pack, ten cents	10
Exceeding the retail price of fifty cents, and not exceeding one dollar per pack, fifteen cents	15
Exceeding the retail price of one dollar, for every additional fifty cents, or fractional part thereof, in excess of one dollar, five cents	5

Allowance and drawback.

ALLOWANCE AND DRAWBACK.

Sec. 171. And be it further enacted, That from and after the date on which this act takes effect there shall be an allowance or drawback on all articles on which any internal duty or tax shall have been paid, except raw or unmanufactured cotton, refined coal-oil, naphtha, benzine or benzole, distilled spirits, manufactured tobacco,Post, p. 482. snuff and cigars of all descriptions, equal in amount to the duty or tax paid thereon, and no more, when exported, the evidence that any such duty or tax has been paid to be furnished to the satisfaction of the commissioner of internal revenue by such person or persons as shall claim the allowance or drawback, and the amount to be ascertained under such regulations as shall, from time to time, be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, and the same shall be paid by the warrant of the Secretary of the Treasury on the treasurer of the United States, out of any money arising from internal duties not otherwise appropriated: Provided,Provisos. That no allowance or drawback shall be made or had for any amount claimed or due less than ten dollars, anything in this act to the contrary notwithstanding: And provided, further, That any certificate of drawback for goods exported, issued in pursuance of the provisions of law, may, under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, be received by the collector or his deputy in payment of duties under this act. And the Secretary of the Treasury may make such regulations with regard to the form of said certificates and the issuing thereof as, in his judgment, may be necessary: And provided, further, That in computing the allowance or drawback upon articles manufactured exclusively of cotton, when exported, there shall be allowed, in addition to the five per centum duty which shall have been paid on such articles, a drawback of two cents per pound upon such articles, in all cases where the duty imposed by law upon the cotton used in the manufacture thereof has been previously paid; the amount of said allowance to be ascertained in such manner as may be prescribed by the commissioner of internal revenue, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury.

Penalty for fraudulently claiming drawback. Sec. 172. And be it further enacted, That if any person or persons shall fraudulently claim or seek to obtain an allowance or drawback on goods, wares, or merchandise, on which no internal duty shall have been paid, or shall fraudulently claim any greater allowance or drawback than the duty actually paid, as aforesaid, such person or persons shall forfeit triple the amount wrongfully or fraudulently claimed, or sought to be obtained, or the sum of five hundred dollars, at the election of the Secretary of the Treasury, to be recovered as in other cases of forfeiture provided for in the general provisions of this act.

Repeal of acts and parts of acts.
1862, ch. 119, Vol. xii. p. 432. Sec. 173. And be it further enacted, That the following acts of congress are hereby repealed, to wit: The act of July first, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, entitled "An act to provide internal revenue to support the government and to pay interest on the public debt," except the one hundred and fifteenth and one hundred and nineteenth sections thereof; and excepting, further, all provisions of said act which create the offices of commissioner of internal revenue, assessor, assistant assessor, collector, deputy collector, and inspector, and provide for the appointment and qualification of said officers. Also,1862, ch. 187, Vol. xii p. 588. the act of July sixteenth, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, entitled "An act to impose an additional duty on sugars produced in the United States." Also,1863, ch. 4, Vol. xii p. 632. the act of December twenty-fifth, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, entitled "An act to amend an act entitled 'An act to provide internal revenue to support the government and to pay interest on the public debt,' approved July first, eighteen hundred and sixty-two." Also,1863, ch. 74, Vol. xii p. 713. the act of March third, eighteen hundred and sixty-three, entitled "An act to amend an act entitled 'An act to provide internal revenue to support the government and to pay interest on the public debt,' approved July first, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, and for other purposes," excepting the provisions of said act which create the offices of deputy commissioner and cashier of internal duties and revenue agents, and provide for the appointment and qualification of said officers. Also, the twenty-fourth and twenty-fifth sections of the act of July fourteenth, eighteen hundred and sixty-two,1862, ch. 163, Vol. xii. p. 560. entitled "An act increasing temporarily the duties on imports, and for other purposes." Also, the second section1863, ch. 76, Vol. xii. p. 739. of the act of March third, eighteen hundred and sixty-three, entitled "An act to prevent and punish frauds upon the revenue, to provide for the more certain and speedy collection of claims in favor of the United States, and for other purposes," so far as the same applies to officers of internal revenue. And, also, the act of March seventh,1864, ch. 20, Ante, p. 14. eighteen hundred and sixty-four, entitled "An act to increase the internal revenue, and for other purposes," together with all acts and parts of acts inconsistent herewith: Provided,Certain provisions to be kept in force. That all the provisions of said acts shall be in force for levying and collecting all taxes, duties, and licenses properly assessed or liable to be assessed, or accruing under the provisions of former acts, or drawbacks, the right to which has already accrued, or which may hereafter accrue, under said acts, and for maintaining and continuing liens, fines, penalties, and forfeitures incurred under and by virtue thereof. And for carrying out and completing all proceedings which have been already commenced, or that may be commenced, to enforce such fines, penalties, and forfeitures, or criminal proceedings under said acts, and for the punishment of crimes of which any party shall be or has been found guilty: And provided, further, That no office created by the said acts, and continued by this act,No office vacated. shall be vacated by reason of any provisions herein contained, but the officers heretofore appointed shall continue to hold the said offices without reappointment: And provided, further, That whenever the duty imposed by any existing lawDuty by former act continued until, &c. shall cease in consequence of any limitation therein contained before the respective provisions of this act shall take effect, the same duty shall be, and is hereby, continued until such provisions of this act shall take effect; and when any act is hereby repealed, no duty imposed thereby shall be held to cease, in consequence of such repeal, until the respective corresponding provisions of this act shall take effect: And provided, further,Manufactures on hand. That all manufactures and productions on which a duty was imposed by either of the acts repealed by this act, which shall be in possession of the manufacturer or producer, or of his agent or agents, on the day when this act takes effect, the duty imposed by any such former act not having been paid, shall be held and deemed to have been manufactured or produced after said date; and whenever by the terms of this act a duty is imposed upon any articles, goods, wares, or merchandise manufactured or produced, upon which no duty was imposed by either of said former acts, it shall apply to such as were manufactured or produced, and not removed from the place of manufacture or production, on the day when this act takes effect: And provided, further,No direct tax to be assessed until, &c. That no direct tax whatsoever shall be assessed or collected under this or any other act of congress heretofore passed, until congress shall enact another law requiring such assessment and collection to be made; but this shall not be construed to repeal or postpone the assessment or collection of the first direct tax levied, or which should be levied, under the act entitled1861, ch. 45, Vol. xii. p. 292. "An act to provide increased revenue from imports to pay interest on the public debt, and for other purposes," approved August fifth, eighteen hundred and sixty-one, nor in any way to affect the legality of said tax or or any process or remedy provided in said acts, or any other acts, for the enforcement or collection of the same in any state or states and territories and the District of Columbia; but said first tax, and any such process or remedy, shall continue in all respects in force, anything in this act to the contrary notwithstanding.

Regulations of commissioner. Sec. 174. And be it further enacted, That the said commissioner of internal revenue, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, is authorized to make all such regulations, not otherwise provided for, as may become necessary by reason of the alteration of the laws in relation to internal revenue, by virtue of this act.

Section 119 of act 1862, ch. 119, to remain in force. Vol. xii. p. 489. Sec. 175. And be it further enacted, That the one hundred and nineteenth section of an act entitled "An act to provide internal revenue to support the government and to pay interest on the public debt," approved July first, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, shall remain in full force.

Mode, &c., of assessment of certain taxes. Sec. 176. And be it further enacted, That when any tax or duty is imposed by law, and the mode or time of assessment or collection is not therein provided, the same shall be established by regulation of the Secretary of the Treasury.

When duty on cotton is paid, bales to be marked. Sec. 177. And be it further enacted, That every collector to whom any duty upon cotton shall be paid shall mark the bales or other packages upon which the duty shall have been paid, in such manner as may clearly indicate the payment thereof, and shall give to the owner, or other person having charge of such cotton, a permit for the removal of the same, stating therein the amount and payment of [the] duty, the time and place of payment, the weight and marks upon the bales and packages, so that the same may be fully identified. WheneverCotton from states in insurrection. any cotton, the product of the United States, shall arrive at any port of the United States from any state in insurrection against the government, the assessor or assistant assessor shall immediately assess the taxes due thereon, and shall, without delay, return the same to the collector or deputy collector of said district, and the said collector or deputy collector shall demand of the owner or other person having charge of such cotton the tax imposed by this act, and assessed thereon, unless evidence of previous payment of such tax shall be produced, under such regulations as the commissioner of internal revenue, by the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, shall from time to time prescribe; and in case the tax so assessed shall not be paid to such collector within ten days after demand, the collector or deputy collector, as aforesaid, shall institute proceedings for the recovery of the tax, as hereinbefore provided, which said tax shall be a lien upon said cotton from the time when said assessment shall be made: Provided,Cotton sold for the United States to be free of duty. That all cotton sold by, or on account of, the government of the United States shall be free and exempt from duty at the time of and after the sale thereof, and the same shall be marked free, and the purchaser furnished with such a bill of sale as shall clearly and accurately describe the same, which shall be deemed and taken to be a permit authorizing the sale or removal thereof.

Foreign consuls to be exempt from income tax, when, &c. Sec. 178. And be it further enacted, That consuls of foreign countries in the United States, who are not citizens thereof, shall be, and hereby are, exempt from any income tax imposed by this act which may be derived from their official emoluments, or from property in such countries: Provided, That the governments which such consuls may represent shall extend similar exemption to consuls of the United States.

Collectors to prosecute for recovery of forfeitures. Sec. 179. And be it further enacted, That, where it is not otherwise provided for in this act, it shall be the duty of the collectors, in their respective districts, and they are hereby authorized, to prosecute for the recovery of any sum or sums that may be forfeited by virtue of this act; and all fines, penalties, and forfeitures which may be imposed or incurred by virtue of this act shall and may be sued for and recovered, where not otherwise herein provided, in the name of the United States, in any proper form of action, or by any appropriate form of proceeding, before any circuit or district court of the United States for the district within which said fine, penalty, or forfeiture may have been incurred, or before any court of competent jurisdiction; and where not otherwise herein provided for, one moiety shall be to the usePost, p. 483. of the person who, if a collector or deputy collector, shall first inform of the cause, matter, or thing whereby any such fine, penalty, or forfeiture shall have been incurred, and the other moiety to the use of the United States. AndWhat courts have jurisdiction. the several circuit and district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction of all offences against any of the provisions of this act committed within their several districts.

Sec. 180. And be it further enacted, That if any person liable and requiredPenalty for selling article liable to tax before tax is paid. to pay any tax upon any article, goods, wares, merchandise, or manufactures, as herein provided, shall sell, or cause or allow the same to be sold, before the tax to which such article, goods, wares, merchandise, or manufacture is legally liable, is paid, with intent to avoid such tax, or in fraud of the revenue herein provided, any debt contracted in the sale of such article, goods, wares, merchandise, or manufactures, or any security given therefor, unless the same shall have been bona fide transferred to the hands of an innocent holder, shall be entirely void, and the collection thereof shall not be enforced in any court. And if any such article, goods, wares, merchandise, or manufacture has been paid for, in whole or in part, the sum so paid shall be deemed forfeited, and any person who will sue for the same in an action of debt shall recover of the seller the amount so paid, one half to his own use, and the other half to the use of the United States.

Appropriation for expenses of internal revenue acts. Sec. 181. And be it further enacted, That four hundred thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary for the payment of the expenses incident to carrying into effect the various acts connected with internal revenue which are or may be authorized and payable after the first of July, eighteen hundred and sixty-four, is hereby appropriated for that purpose, payable out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, to be expended under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury. AndCollectors to be disbursing agents. it shall be the duty of the collectors of internal revenue, as the secretary may direct, to act as disbursing agents to pay the aforesaid expenses, without increased compensation therefor, who shall give good and sufficient bonds for the faithful performance of their duties as such disbursing agents for such sum and in such form as shall be prescribed by the first comptroller of the treasury, subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury: Provided, That the aforesaid appropriation shall continue in force to the thirtieth day of June, eighteen hundred and sixty-five, and thereafter the Secretary of the Treasury shall embrace in his annual estimates the amount which, in his opinion, will be required for the expenses of this branch of the public service.

Word "state" to include "territories," and District of Columbia. Sec. 182. And be it further enacted, That wherever the word state is used in this act, it shall be construed to include the territories and the District of Columbia, where such construction is necessary to carry out the provisions of this act.

Approved, June 30, 1864.

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