Aircraft in Warfare (1916)/Index
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INDEX.
A
Advisopy Committee for Aeronautics, personnel, § 109; work of the, § 109.
Aeronautical Arm, essentially a National responsibility, § 130; future development, importance of, § 131; in peace time, § 106; must be ever ready, § 130; primary and secondary function of, § 2; strategic and tactical uses of, § 8.
Aerial and Naval Tactics contrasted, § 99.
Aeroplane, auxiliary to tactical operations, § 10; for directing artillery fire, § 10; types of machine, differentiation of, § 10; protection by armour, § 12; fighting type and its future, § 17; offensive against cavalry, § 18; attack by aeroplane on aeroplane, § 43; fighting machine as specialised type, § 44; the one-pounder as armament, § 46; attack on aeroplane, the gun supreme, § 68; aeroplane or seaplane for torpedo attack, §§ 72. IZ; aeroplane and submarine, § 74; as affecting submarine activity, §§ 76, 118; present numerical weakness, §§ 1, 85; naval floating base, §§ 81, 82, 83, 84; seaplanes, the double-float and flying-boat types, §§ 79, 80; worn-out and obsolete, § 107; conditions governing size and number of bombs carried, § 117; see also Aircraft.
Aeroplane and Dirigible, speed limitations, § 3; range and duration of flight, § 4; analogy between air and naval forces refuted, § 5; in armed conflict, § 6; means of attack and defence, § 7; in naval reconnaissance, § 78; range and radius of action compared, § 69.
Air Fleet, need for independent combatant air fleet, § 91; must be homogeneous, § 94.
Air Power, as affecting combined tactics, § 85.
Air Raids, danger from, § 120; against city, the criterion of success, § 121; important objectives from military standpoint, § 129.
Air Tactics, § 90; formation flying, § 95.
Aircraft, present numerical weakness, §§ 1, 85; comparison with cavalry Arm, § 1; directing artillery fire, §§ 1, 10; in cooperation with cavalry, § 9; methods of signalling, § 10; differentiation of type, § 10; attack by rifle and gun-fire, § 11; protection by armour, § 12; offensive against cavalry, § 18; in the service of the Navy, § 69; as affecting attack and defence in combined tactics, § 87; in naval reconnaissance, relative advantages of aeroplane and dirigible, § 78; general influence on combined tactics, § 86; aeroplane bases at high altitude, § 100; landing in neutral territory, § 105; estimate of future numerical strength, § 106; merits of British machines discussed, § 108; for directing gun-fire in naval warfare, § 115; as countering submarine activity, §§ 74, 76, 118; strategic employment on large scale, § 119; see also Aeroplane.
Airship, see Dirigible.
Altitude, in reconnaissance work, §§ 9, 12; as effective against small arms fire, §§ 11, 12; difficulty of hitting aircraft by rifle or gun-fire as due to, § 11; meaning of term high altitude, definition, § 12; tactical value of, § 55, 93, 100; bases at high altitude, importance of, § 100; low altitude flying, § 13 et seq.
Amphibious Type of Aeroplane, utility of, § 81.
Armament, miscellaneous weapons, § 64 et seq.; the machine gun, §§ 15, 47, 48, 53; one-pounder, § 46; light weight shell, § 63; the bomb, §§ 64, 65; supremacy of the gun, § 68; treaty restrictions as affecting, § 45; in its relation to armour, § 54; of naval type, § 71.
Armour, and Altitude, § 12; as defence against attack from below, § 12; thickness of, § 12; penetrative power of different weapons, § 12; for low altitude and point blank range, § 14; in its relation to armament, § 54; pros and cons, § 56; and shield a distinction, § 57.
Artillery, direction of fire by aircraft, §§ 1, 10, 115; counter-aircraft, difficulties pertaining to, § 11.
Attack, from below by gun-fire, § 11; by aeroplane on other arms of the service, § 15; aeroplane on aeroplane, § 43; from above, § 56; attack and defence, balance between strategic and tactical advantages, § 86; by bomb, § § 64, 65; on submarine, § 75; general on communications, § 119; on London or capital city, § 121 et seq.
B
Ballistics, the energy account, § 58.
'Balloon, see Dirigible.
Balloon Hall, an unmistakable landmark, § 4.
Base, importance of altitude, § 100.
Battle Range, in naval warfare, §§ 36, 115.
Belfast and the Clyde, future importance of as seat of aeronautical and naval construction, § 126, App. II.
Board of Aeronautical Construction, advocated, §§ 113, 131. Bomb, as a weapon of offence, § 64; difficulties of accurate aiming, the true and apparent plumb, § 65; attack on submarine by, § 75; use of in the Naval Air Service.
British Aeroplanes, points of superiority, § 108; ascendency, causes contributing to, § 109; supremacy, maintenance of, § 110.
C
Canal, proposed strategic ship canal, § 128, App. II.
Cavalry, as affected by Aeronautical Arm, §§ 9, 17, 18, 85; numerical strength of, §§ 1, 106; reconnaissance, difficulties of, § 2; future limitations of, § 18.
Clerk, (1780) writings quoted, § 39.
Clyde and Forth ship canal, suggestion for, § 128, App. II.
Combatant Air Fleet, independent air fleet and its duties, § 91.
Command of the Air, §§ 85, 88; limitations concerning, § 101; meaning of in contrast to command of the sea, § 101; strategic use of, § 119.
Communications, vulnerable to air power, § 119.
Concentration, principle of, § 19 et seq.
Continuity of policy, importance of, §§ 112, 131.
Counter-aircraft Artillery, facts and gunnery difficulties, § 11.
D
Danger Zone, as determined by Radius of action, § 125, App. II.
Dart, the steel dart as an aeroplane weapon, § 66.
Declaration of St. Petersburg, as affecting aeroplane armament, §§ 45, 63.
Defeat, total in air and its consequences, § 89.
Defence, aerial and naval essentially one, § 129; as affected by proximity to enemy territory, §§ 121, 125; concerning a Capital city, § 121, et seq.
Depreciation, and obsolescence, § 107.
Differentiation of Type, § 10.
Dirigible, essentially not a fighting machine, § 4; gross weights of Zeppelins, naval and military, § 4.
Dirigible and Aeroplane, see Aeroplane and Dirigible.
Distinctive National Marks, § 104.
Divided Force, weakness of, § 23 et seq.
Doable Float Type, naval sea-plane, § 80.
Dumdum or Expanding Bullets, prohibition of, § 45; types of, § 61.
Duration and Range of Flight, aeroplane and dirigible, § 4.
Dusseldorf, raid on, § 108.
E
Energy Utilised and Lost, as determined for different weapons, §§ 58, 59.
Expanding Ballets, §§ 45, 61, 62, 63; advocated for attack on aeroplanes, §§ 45, 62; prohibition of, § 45; part played by centrifugal force in expansion, § 62.
Explosive Ballets and Projectiles, §§ 45, 50, 59, 60, 63.
F
Fighting type of Aeroplane, need for, § 2; future of, § 17; as a specialised design, § 44.
Fire, the great danger from air raid, prevention of, §§ 121, 124.
Flight Grounds, present provision unsatisfactory, § 106; night flying and, § 106.
Flight Speed, importance of, §§9, 92.
Floating Base, for aeroplanes and sea-planes, § 70.
Flying Boat, type of naval sea-plane, § 79.
Formation Flying, importance of, § 81; airmanship and signalling, §§ 95, 96; the "V" formation, § 97; machines disabled, § 98.
Friedrichshaven, raid on, § 103 (foot note), § 108.
Fuse, sensitive, need for, § 46.
Gage or Berth, advantage of upper, §§ 55, 93.
Government Manufacture, advantages and otherwise, § 111.
Gravitational Weapons, §§ 64, 65, 66.
Grenades and Bombs, § 64. See Bomb.
Gun-fire, ballistics of, § 58; defence from, § 12; in naval warfare difficulties of control, § 115; direction by aircraft, §§1, 10, 115; rapidity of fire, its importance and measure, §§ 47, 48, 49 et seq.; rapidity of, in relation to the n-square law, §§ 29, 30.
Gun, supremacy of, in attack by aircraft on aircraft, § 68. High Altitude military meaning of, § 12; bases at, value of, § 100.
H
Hostile Raids, defence against, §§ 120, 121; legitimate objectives, §§ 122, 129; diagram illustrating danger zone, App. II.
I
Independent Air Fleet, combatant, need for, §§ 91, 92; air tactics, §§ 92, 95; constitution of, § 94.
International Law, proper subject for, §§ 102, 103, 104; misguided views on, §§ 45, 63, 102, 105 (foot note), 123 (foot note).
Ireland, mainly out of range of hostile aircraft. National importance of Ulster industrial area, § 126, App. II.
L
Lee Gage, in naval tactics, § 39.
Lewis Gun, as an aeroplane Arm, § 15, App. I.; cooling system, calculations relating to, App. I.
London, as a capital city a legitimate object of attack, § 120; defence of, §§ 120, 123, 124.
Low Altitude Flying, advantages and disadvantages of, § 13; extreme low altitude, points in favour of, § 16.
M
Machine Gun, in the service of the Aeronautical Arm, §§ 15, 47 et seq.; importance of rapid fire, §§ 15, 47, 48; multiply mounted, § 41; weight of projectiles thrown by, §§ 51, 52; ammunition for, §§ 47, 48; manner of employment from aircraft, § 47; present advantages of, § 53; the Lewis gun, App. II.
Manufacture, goverment and private, § 111.
Mobilisation of Air Fleet, pontoon ship as a means for, § 81.
"Mother Ship," for aeroplanes, § 70.
N
N-Square Law, § 26 et seq.; demonstration of the, § 27; graphically represented, §§ 34, 35, 37; application to a heterogeneous force, § 33; examples from military history, § 32; in naval strategy and tactics, § 36 et seq.; at Trafalgar, § 42; virtual basis of Nelson's tactics, §§ 41, 42; the basis of future air tactics, §§ 81, 90, 92, 94, 95; its influence on gunnery, § 115; operation in cases of partial concentration, § 116.
Napoleon at Yerona, exemplifying the n-square law, § 32.
National Defence, considerations relating to, § 120 et seq., App. II.
National Physical Laboratory, importance of aeronautical work of, § 102.
National Programme, recommendations respecting, § 131.
Naval and Aerial Tactics, a contrast, § 99.
Naval Aircraft, § 69 et seg.; armament of, §71; reconnaissance, § 77.
Naval Air Service, raids carried out by, § 108.
Naval Tactics, as exemplifying the n-square law, §§ 39, 41, 42.
Navy, as affected by danger from hostile aircraft, § 128.
Nelson, memorandum as defining tactical scheme, § 41; his tactical scheme analysed, § 42; tactics at Trafalgar as illustrating the n-square law, §§ 41, 42.
Neutral Aircraft, rights and obligations, §§ 102, 103.
Neutral Territory, violation of by belligerent aircraft, §§ 103, 104, 105.
Night Flying, § 106.
Number of Aircraft, importance of numbers see n-square law; too small to permit of general conclusions being drawn, §§1, 85; in air raids, §§ 64, 117.
Numerical Strength, aircraft and cavalry compared, §§1, 106; and air tactics, § 90.
O
Obsolescence and Depreciation, § 107.
One-pounder, as aeroplane arm, §§ 46, 53.
P
Peace Time, conditions as affecting the aeronautical arm. Flight grounds and training, § 106.
Pontoon Ship, or ocean-going floating base, §§ 81, 82, 83, 84; conditions to be fulfilled by, § 82; specification of, § 83; advantages as an aeroplane base, § 84.
Primary Function, definition of, § 2; of the aeronautical Arm, §2.
Radius of Action, dirigible and aeroplane compared, §§4, 69; as affecting danger from hostile raider, § 125, also App. II.
R
Raids, by air as affecting the security of the Navy, § 128; value of numerical strength, § 117; the criterion of success, § 121.
Range, see Radius of Action.
Range Finding, aircraft of known size, § 10; naval, § 115.
Rapidity of Fire, importance of, see Gun-fire.
Reconnaissance, by aircraft, § 1; tactical and strategic, § 8; by aircraft and cavalry, § 9; Naval, §§ 69, 11.
Resistance, laws of, aeroplane and dirigible, § 3.
Retreat, compelled by strategic employment of aircraft, § 119.
Rocket, considered as aeroplane weapon, 64, 67.
Rodney, early naval tactics, § 39.
Royal Aircraft Factory, work of the, § 109.
Royal Flying Corps, ascendency of the, § 108.
S
Saints, battle of, tactics at, § 39.
Scientific Investigation, importance of in aircraft development, § 109.
Sea-plane, see Aeroplane.
Secondary Function, definition, § 2; of the aeronautical Arm, §2.
Shell, light weight, advocated by author, § 63.
Shield and Armour, comparison, § 57.
Signalling, from aircraft, §§ 10, 95.
Size, influence on resistance, § 3.
Speed, limitations, aeroplane and dirigible, § 3; as dependent upon weight per horse power, § 3.
Stability, importance of inherent stability, § 65.
Storage, aeroplane and dirigible compared, §4.
Strategic and Tactical Uses of the Aeronautical Arm, § 8.
Strategic Scout, its duties, § 9.
Strategic Advantage of Attack, diminished by advent of aircraft, §86.
Strategic Employment of Aircraft, operations on a large scale, § 119.
Strategy, naval, and the n-square law, § 38.
Submarine, activity of, as affected by aircraft, §§ 75, 76, 118.
Suffren (Admiral), on naval tactics, § 39.
T
Tactical Importance of Altitude, § 93.
Tactical Operations, aircraft associated with, § 10.
Tactical Reconnaissance, § 10; conditions associated with, §§ 10, 11, 18, 44; aeroplane in the double rdle of scout and fighter, §44.
Tactical Scheme, importance of in aerial warfare, § 90.
Tactical Uses of Aeronautical Arm, §§ 8, 10, 13 et seq.
Tactics, birds of prey as illustrating advantage of upper gage or berth, §§ 55, 93; naval tactics and the n-square law, § 39; aerial and naval contrasted, § 99; combined, as affected by aircraft, §§ 85, 86; of the air, future of, §§ 91, 92.
Torpedo, air-borne, proposed as weapon of offence, §§ 64, 67.
Torpedo, attack by air, § 72; discharge of as affecting aeroplane stability, § 73.
Trafalgar, tactical scheme as laid down in Nelson's memorandum, § 41; battle of, as illustrating the n-square law, §42.
Treaty Restrictions, as affecting aircraft armament, §§ 45, 63.
U
Upper Gage, tactical importance of, §§ 55, 93.
V
"V" Formation, its value, § 97.
Villeneuve, memorandum disclosing British tactical method, § 40.
W
Warfare, ancient and modern conditions contrasted, § 20.
Weight, dirigible and aeroplane compared, § 4.
Z
Zeppelin, a failure from a military standpoint, § 131; also see Dirigible.