An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language/Annotated/Kaul-barsch

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Kaul-barsch, ‘round posterior,’ Kaul-kopf, ‘bull-head,’ Kaul-quappe, ‘ruff’; in these compounds Kaul signifies ‘a ball of small circumference’; Middle High German kûle, a variant of kugele (compare steil from steigel); older Modern High German Kaule; compare Keule.