Help:Official texts

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Official texts

In general, all official texts originally published in English, or officially translated into English, are eligible to be imported to English Wikisource under {{PD-EdictGov}}. However, depending on whether the source scan is copyrighted in its original country or not, the source scan should be uploaded to English Wikisource locally, or on Wikimedia Commons.

Official texts, as defined in Article 2(4) of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, are texts of a legislative, administrative and legal nature and the official translations of such texts.

Works should be tagged with a template that identifies their license status according to Wikisource's copyright policy. See Help:Copyright tags for a list of templates for works which are not official documents.

Many official texts are considered to edicts of government, and are not copyrightable in the United States. Wikisource has a general template for pages that meet this criteria, however a more specific template should be used in order to inform the reader if the official text is also public domain in the country of origin.

General license[edit]

Many official texts are considered to edicts of government, and are not copyrightable in the United States. Wikisource has a general template for pages that meet this criteria, however for foreign works, the local laws should also be investigated in order to determine if the official text is in the public domain in the country of origin.

{{PD-EdictGov}}
Category:PD-EdictGov

This work is in the public domain in the U.S. because it is an edict of a government, local or foreign. See § 313.6(C)(2) of the Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices. Such documents include "legislative enactments, judicial decisions, administrative rulings, public ordinances, or similar types of official legal materials" as well as "any translation prepared by a government employee acting within the course of his or her official duties."

These do not include works of the Organization of American States, United Nations, or any of the UN specialized agencies. See Compendium III § 313.6(C)(2) and 17 U.S.C. 104(b)(5).

A non-American governmental edict may still be copyrighted outside the U.S. Similar to {{PD-in-USGov}}, the above U.S. Copyright Office Practice does not prevent U.S. states or localities from holding copyright abroad, depending on foreign copyright laws and regulations.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Copyright asserted[edit]

Wikisource has official texts from the following countries which are still copyrighted in the country of origin:

Organisations[edit]

League of Nations[edit]

{{PD-LN}}

This work is excerpted from an official document of the League of Nations. Property of the League of the Nations was transferred to the United Nations when the league dissolved in 1946. The policy of the United Nations is to keep most of its documents in the public domain in order to disseminate "as widely as possible the ideas (contained) in the United Nations Publications".

Pursuant to UN Administrative_Instruction_ST/AI/189/Add.9/Rev.2 available in English only, these documents are in the public domain worldwide:

  1. Official records (proceedings of conferences, verbatim and summary records, ...)
  2. United Nations documents issued with a UN symbol
  3. Public information material designed primarily to inform the public about United Nations activities (not including public information material that is offered for sale, which, if in the public domain in the United States due to no copyright renewal or notice as required, should be instead tagged {{PD-US-no-renewal}} or {{PD-US-no-notice}}).

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

United Nations[edit]

{{PD-UN}}

This work is excerpted from an official document of the United Nations. The policy of this organisation is to keep most of its documents in the public domain in order to disseminate "as widely as possible the ideas (contained) in the United Nations Publications".

Pursuant to UN Administrative Instruction ST/AI/189/Add.9/Rev.2 available in English only, these documents are in the public domain worldwide:

  1. Official records (proceedings of conferences, verbatim and summary records, …)
  2. United Nations documents issued with a UN symbol
  3. Public information material designed primarily to inform the public about United Nations activities (not including public information material that is offered for sale).

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Countries[edit]

Australia[edit]

{{PD-AustraliaGov}}

This work is in the public domain in Australia and possibly other jurisdictions. This is because it is a work of an Australian government (Commonwealth, State or Territory) and was published more than 50 years ago (before 1974). The copyright has therefore expired.

The government of Australia has declared that the expiration of Crown Copyrights applies worldwide. This has been confirmed by correspondence received in OTRS ticket#2017062010010417.

See also Australian Copyright Council – Government:Commonwealth, State and Territory (January 2020).

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Canada[edit]

{{PD-CAGov}}

This work is in the public domain worldwide because it was prepared or published by or under the direction or control of the Canadian Government or any government department prior to 1974.

Section 12 of the Canadian Copyright Act provides a reservation for Crown rights or privileges. Lack of modern case law on the subject makes it unclear whether perpetual prerogative rights over these documents still apply, or whether these rights have lapsed. Notwithstanding, these documents are reproducible under the terms of the Reproduction of Federal Law Order.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

{{Decisions-CAGov}}

According to the Supreme Court of Canada, Law Society of Upper Canada v. CCH Canadian Limited, paragraph 35, court decisions are not covered by copyright.

The federal government references judicial decisions in the Reproduction of Federal Law Order, suggesting that they are protected by either Crown Copyright or Crown rights or privileges. Crown Copyright affects documents produced later than 1973. No evidence has been found that any Crown rights or privileges exist in judicial decisions.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

{{Legislation-CAGov}}

This work is reproduced under the terms of the Reproduction of Federal Law Order for enactments of the Government of Canada. This document is not an official version, and not endorsed by the Government of Canada.

This work is also in the public domain in the U.S. because it is an edict of a government, local or foreign. See § 313.6(C)(2) of the Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices. Such documents include "legislative enactments, judicial decisions, administrative rulings, public ordinances, or similar types of official legal materials" as well as "any translation prepared by a government employee acting within the course of his or her official duties."

Canadian legislation is under Crown Copyright pursuant to Section 12 of the Copyright Act for 50 years after the year of first publication. That section and the lack of modern case law make it unclear whether these documents remain protected by perpetual Crown rights and privileges after that term ends.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

China[edit]

Category:PD-CN
{{PD-PRC-exempt}}

This work is in the public domain because it is exempted by Article 5 of Chinese copyright law. This exempts all Chinese government and judicial documents, and their official translations, from copyright. It also exempts simple factual information, and calendars, numerical tables, and other forms of general use and formulas.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Czech Republic[edit]

Category:PD-CzechGov
{{PD-CzechGov}}

According to the Czech Copyright Act (Law No. 121/2000, Article 3, Section a), this work is in the public domain.

“Protection pursuant to this Act shall not apply to

  • an official work, such as a legal regulation, decision, public charter, publicly accessible register and the collection of its records, and also
  • an official draft of an official work and other preparatory official documentation including the official translation of such work,
  • Chamber of Deputies and Senate publications,
  • a memorial chronicle of a municipality (muncipal chronicle),
  • a state symbol and symbol of a regional self-governing unit,
  • and other such works where there is public interest in their exclusion from copyright protection.”

Hence it is assumed that this work has been released into the public domain.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Egypt[edit]

{{PD-Egypt-official}}

This work is not an object of copyright in Egypt because it is an official document. Regardless of their source or target language, all official documents are ineligible for protection in Egypt, including laws, regulations, resolutions and decisions, international conventions, court decisions, award of arbitrators and decisions of administrative committees having judicial competence. (Article 141 of Intellectual Property Law 82 of 2002)

This work is also in the public domain in the U.S. because it is an edict of a government, local or foreign. See § 313.6(C)(2) of the Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices. Such documents include "legislative enactments, judicial decisions, administrative rulings, public ordinances, or similar types of official legal materials" as well as "any translation prepared by a government employee acting within the course of his or her official duties."

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Estonia[edit]

{{PD-EE-exempt}}

This work is assumed to have been released into the public domain because according to the Republic of Estonia Copyright law (passed on November 11, 1992 and amended on December 9, 1999 and February 15, 2000), it is one of the following types of work, to which the Act does not apply:

  • ideas, images, notions, theories, processes, systems, methods, concepts, principles, discoveries, inventions, and other results of intellectual activities which are described, explained or expressed in any other manner in a work;
  • works of folklore;
  • legislation and administrative documents (acts, decrees, regulations, statutes, instructions, directives) and official translations thereof;
  • court decisions and official translations thereof;
  • official symbols of the state and insignia of organisations (flags, coats of arms, orders, medals, badges, etc.) and banknotes;
  • news of the day;
  • facts and data;
  • ideas and principles which underlie any element of a computer program, including those which underlie its user interfaces."

In some instances the use of this work might be regulated by other laws.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Germany[edit]

{{PD-DEGov}}

This work is in the public domain according to German copyright law because it is part of a statute, ordinance, official decree or judgment (official work) issued by a German federal or state authority or court (§ 5 Abs.1 UrhG).

This work is also in the public domain in the U.S. because it is an edict of a government, local or foreign. See § 313.6(C)(2) of the Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices. Such documents include "legislative enactments, judicial decisions, administrative rulings, public ordinances, or similar types of official legal materials" as well as "any translation prepared by a government employee acting within the course of his or her official duties."

Third-party translations are not covered by this licence.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Hong Kong[edit]

{{Legislation-HKGov}}

This work is a Hong Kong ordinance, which is copyrighted in Hong Kong for 50 years after publication pursuant to section 183(2) and paragraph 36 of Schedule 2 of the Copyright Ordinance (Cap. 528). However, as an edict of a government, it is in the public domain in the U.S.

According to Section 3 of the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance (Cap. 1), the term "ordinance" also includes any subsidiary legislation made under any ordinances of Hong Kong that does not contravene with the Hong Kong Basic Law.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

India[edit]

{{PD-INGov}}

This work is the work of Government of India. Section 52(1)(q) of the Indian Copyright Act, 1957 allows for the reproduction or publication of

  • any matter which has been published in any Official Gazette except an Act of a Legislature;
  • any Act of a Legislature subject to the condition that such Act is reproduced or published together with any commentary thereon or any other original matter;
  • the report of any committee, commission, council, board or other like body appointed by the government if such report has been laid on the Table of the Legislature, unless the reproduction or publication of such report is prohibited by the government;
  • any judgement or order of a court, Tribunal or other judicial authority, unless the reproduction or publication of such judgement or order is prohibited by the court, the Tribunal or other judicial authority, as the case may be.

The decision of the Supreme Court of India in "Eastern Book Company & Ors vs D.B. Modak & Anr" on 12 December, 2007 interpreted this section of the Act as making the material public domain.

This work is also in the public domain in the U.S. because it is an edict of a government, local or foreign. See § 313.6(C)(2) of the Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices. Such documents include "legislative enactments, judicial decisions, administrative rulings, public ordinances, or similar types of official legal materials" as well as "any translation prepared by a government employee acting within the course of his or her official duties."

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Indonesia[edit]

{{PD-IndonesianGov}}

This work is is in the public domain in Indonesia since it falls within the exemptions to copyright protection in Article 42 of the Law of The Republic of Indonesia Number 28 of 2014 on Copyrights as a:

  1. result of an open meeting of a government institution;
  2. law or regulation;
  3. government speech or speech of a government official;
  4. court decision or judicial provision; or
  5. scripture or religious symbol.

An additional license tag is required in order to demonstrate why this work is freely licensed or in the public domain in the United States. Works that are in the public domain in Indonesia under the provisions of Article 42 b, c, or d will usually also be in the public domain in the United States as an edict of government, and may be tagged with {{PD-EdictGov}}. Works that are in the public domain in Indonesia under the provisions of Article 42 a may also qualify as an edict of government, but individual determination of copyright status is needed for each work in this category.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Ireland[edit]

{{PD-IrishGov}}

This work is in the public domain because it is an official work of the Irish Government or Oireachtas. According to Chapter 19, §191-193 of the Copyright and Related Rights Act, 2000, copyright has expired in Ireland for works that are:

  1. a work made by an officer or employee of the Irish Government or State in the course of his or her duties, created before 1st January 1974; or
  2. a work made by an officer or employee of either House of the Oireachtas in the course of his or her duties, created before 1st January 1974; or
  3. a sound recording, film, live broadcast or live cable programme of the proceedings of either House of the Oireachtas created before 1st January 1974; or
  4. an Act of the Oireachtas or regulation of the Government of Ireland made available to the public before 1st January 1974.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Israel[edit]

{{PD-ILGov}}

This work is from Israel and is in the public domain because it is a work that is not subject to copyright under Section 6 of the Israeli Copyright Law.

6. Official Publications

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 4, there will be no copyright pertaining to laws, regulations, Knesset publications or judicial decisions of a court or of a governmental agency that has adjudicative powers under the law.

This work is also in the public domain in the U.S. because it is an edict of a government, local or foreign. See § 313.6(C)(2) of the Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices. Such documents include "legislative enactments, judicial decisions, administrative rulings, public ordinances, or similar types of official legal materials" as well as "any translation prepared by a government employee acting within the course of his or her official duties."

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Japan[edit]

{{PD-JapanGov}}

This work is in the public domain because, according to Article 13 of the Copyright Act of Japan, this work is not eligible for copyright. The provisions of Article 13 shall not grant copyright to a work falling under any of the following categories:

  1. the Constitution and other laws and regulations;
  2. public notices, instructions, circular notices and the like issued by organs of the State or local public entities, incorporated administrative agencies or local incorporated administrative agencies;
  3. judgments, decisions, orders and decrees of courts, as well as rulings and judgments made by government agencies in proceedings of a quasi-judicial nature;
  4. translations and compilations prepared by organs of the State or local public entities, incorporated administrative agencies or local incorporated administrative agencies of [any of] the materials listed in the preceding three items.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Kiribati[edit]

{{PD-KIGov}}

This work is a work of the Government of the Republic of Kiribati. It is thought to be in the public domain because it is a government-produced document, and Kiribati has no known copyright laws.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Macao[edit]

{{PD-MacaoGov}}

This work is in the public domain because it is exempted by Article 6 of Macao copyright law. This exempts official governmental works and their translations from copyright, and explicitly allows copyrighted free use on any protected work therein.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Namibia[edit]

{{PD-NamibiaGov}}

This work is in the public domain because it was created and first published in Namibia and is is a work of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, or an official translation thereof.

According to the Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Protection Act, 1994, Section 15 part (8), "No copyright shall subsist in the official text of any work of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, or an official translation thereof."

This work is also in the public domain in the U.S. because it is an edict of a government, local or foreign. See § 313.6(C)(2) of the Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices. Such documents include "legislative enactments, judicial decisions, administrative rulings, public ordinances, or similar types of official legal materials" as well as "any translation prepared by a government employee acting within the course of his or her official duties."

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

New Zealand[edit]

{{PD-NZGov}}

This work is in the public domain because it is listed under the exempted Governmental works outlined by current New Zealand law. The New Zealand copyright law specifies that "no copyright exists in any of the following works, whenever those works were made". (§ 27).

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Norway[edit]

{{PD-NorwayGov}}

This work is in the public domain because it is a part of a decision or a statement by an authority or a public body of Norway. Norwegian copyright law specifies that no copyright exists in such material (§ 14).

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

PakistanGov[edit]

{{PD-PakistanGov}}

This work is in the public domain because it is a work of the Pakistani government that was published at least 50 years ago.

According to the Copyright Ordinance of Pakistan, 1962, amended 1992 - Ordinance No. XXXIV of 1962, Chapter III, section 22. "Term of copyright in Government works and in works of international organizations":

Copyright in a Government work shall, where Government is the first owner of the copyright therein, subsist until fifty years from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the work is first published.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Philippines[edit]

Category:PD-PhilGovDoc
{{PD-PhilGovDoc}}

This work is in the public domain because it is a work of the Philippine government (see Republic Act No. 8293 Sec. 176).

All official Philippine texts of a legislative, administrative, or judicial nature, or any official translation thereof, are ineligible for copyright.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Russia[edit]

{{PD-RU-exempt}}

This work is not an object of copyright according to Part IV of Civil Code No. 230-FZ of the Russian Federation of December 18, 2006.

Article 1259. Objects of Copyright

Paragraph 5

Copyright shall not apply to ideas, concepts, principles, methods, processes, systems, means, solutions of technical, organizational and other problems, discoveries, facts, programming languages.

Paragraph 6

Shall not be objects of copyright:
  • official documents of state government agencies and local government agencies of municipal formations, including laws, other legal texts, judicial decisions, other materials of legislative, administrative and judicial character, official documents of international organizations, as well as their official translations;
  • state symbols and signs (flags, emblems, orders, banknotes, and the like), as well as symbols and signs of municipal formations;
  • works of folk art (folklore), which don't have specific authors;
  • news reports on events and facts, which have a purely informational character (daily news reports, television programs, transportation schedules, and the like).

Full text of the Code: in Russian.

According to interstate and international compacts, the Russian Federation is the legal successor of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; therefore, this license tag is also applicable to official symbols and formal documents of the Russian SFSR and the USSR (union level. (The union level means that use of official symbols and the formal documents of 14 other Soviet Republics is the subject of law of their legal successor.)

This license tag cannot be applied to proposed official symbols and drafts of formal documents, which can be copyrighted.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse


Serbia and Montenegro[edit]

{{PD-RSGov}}

This work is in the public domain because according to the Copyright Law of Serbia and Montenegro ("Службени гласник СЦГ", бр. 61/2004), "work is not copyrighted if the work is:

  1. Law, sub-law act or other kind of law act.
  2. Official materials of state authorities or materials published by any other person or institution which do public function.
  3. Official translations of materials of state authorities or translation of materials published by any other person or institution which do public function.
  4. Any of acts in judgement processes."

Hence it is assumed that this work has been released into public domain. This federal law applies for both republics, Serbia and Montenegro, as long as they do not adopt own inherent laws.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Singapore[edit]

{{Legislation-SGGov}}

This work is Singaporean legislation (Act of Parliament or subsidiary legislation), which is copyrighted in Singapore for 70 years after publication pursuant to

  • sections 114(1) and 136(1)(b) of the Copyright Act 2021, or
  • section 197(3)(b) of the repealed Copyright Act (Cap. 63, 2006 Rev. Ed.) for legislation published before 21 November 2021.

However, as an edict of a government, it is in the public domain in the U.S.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

South Africa[edit]

{{PD-SAGov}}

This work is in the public domain because it was created and first published in South Africa and it is an official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, or an official translation of such a text.

According to the Copyright Act, 1978, § 12 (8) (a), "No copyright shall subsist in official texts of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, or in official translations of such texts."

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse


{{PD-SA-speech-1996}}

This work was created and first published before January 1, 1989 in South Africa and is in the public domain there because it is a speech of a political nature or a speech delivered in the course of legal proceedings.

According to the Copyright Act, 1978, § 12 (8) (a), "No copyright shall subsist [...] in speeches of a political nature or in speeches delivered in the course of legal proceedings."

This work is also in the public domain in the United States because it was first published outside the United States (and not published in the U.S. within 30 days), and it was first published before 1989 without complying with U.S. copyright formalities (renewal and/or copyright notice) and it was in the public domain in South Africa speech on the URAA date (January 1, 1996). This is the combined effect of South Africa speech having joined the Berne Convention in 1928, and of 17 USC 104A with its critical date of January 1, 1996.

The critical date for copyright in the United States is January 1, 1989.

This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.

South African speeches published since 1989 are not necessarily in the public domain in the United States; further information is required to determine their status in US copyright law.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

South Korea[edit]

{{PD-KRGov}}

This work is in the public domain because, according to Article 7 of the Copyright Act of South Korea, this work is not protected by copyright law. This following works are included:

  1. Constitution, laws, treaties, decrees, ordinances and rules;
  2. Notices, public notifications, directions and others similar to them issued by the state or local government;
  3. Judgments, decisions, orders, or rulings of courts, as well as rulings and decisions made by the administrative appeal procedures, or other similar procedures;
  4. Compilations or translations of works as referred to in Subparagraphs 1 to 3 which are produced by the state or local government; and
  5. Current news reports which transmit simple facts, and digital audio transmission

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Spain[edit]

{{PD-SpainGov}}

This work is in the public domain worldwide because it was created by a public body of Spain.

See exception in Article 13 of the Spanish Law of Intellectual Property.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Sweden[edit]

{{PD-SEGov}}

This work is non-copyrightable, and in the public domain worldwide because it is a creation of the Swedish Government and is:

  1. a law or other regulation,
  2. a decision by public authorities,
  3. a report by Swedish public authorities
  4. an official translations of one of the above.

Note that Swedish copyright law still applies to the following, should they form part of the Government work:

  1. maps,
  2. works of drawings, painting or engraving,
  3. musical works, or
  4. poetry.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Switzerland[edit]

{{PD-Switzerland-official}}

This work is:

  • a law, ordinance, international treaty or other official act
  • a decision, protocol or report by public authorities
  • a piece of currency
  • a patent or patent application

of Switzerland or the Swiss cantons. It is therefore not protected by copyright by virtue of Art. 5 of the Swiss Copyright Act.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Taiwan[edit]

{{PD-ROC-exempt}}

This work is in the public domain because it is exempted by Article 9 of the Republic of China's Copyright Act (in effect in the "Free Area"). This excludes from copyright all government and official documents and official translations, including news releases, speeches, laws, and documents. It also excludes from copyright oral and literary news reports strictly intended to communicate facts, test questions from all kinds examinations held pursuant to laws or regulations, slogans and common symbols, terms, formulas, numerical charts, forms, notebooks, or almanacs.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

Thailand[edit]

{{PD-THGov}}

This work is in the public domain worldwide because it originated in Thailand and is a work under Template error: please specify the type of this work (see template documentation) of Thailand's Copyright Act, 2537 BE (1994) (WIPO translation), which provides:

7. The following shall not be deemed copyright works under this Act:

  1. news of the day and facts having the character of mere information, not being works in the literary, scientific or artistic fields;
  2. the constitution and legislation;'
  3. regulations, bylaws, notifications, orders, explanations and official correspondence of the Ministries, Departments or any other government or local units;
  4. judicial decisions, orders, decisions and official reports;
  5. translations and collections of the materials referred to in items (1) to (4), made by the Ministries, Departments or any other government or local units.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

United Kingdom[edit]

{{PD-UKGov}}

This work is in the public domain worldwide because it was created by a public body of the United Kingdom with Crown Status and commercially published before 1974.

See Crown copyright artistic works, Crown copyright non-artistic works and List of Public Bodies with Crown Status.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

{{OGL}}

This work is licensed under the United Kingdom Open Government Licence v1.0.

You are free to:
  • copy, publish, distribute and transmit the Information;
  • adapt the Information;
  • exploit the Information commercially for example, by combining it with other Information, or by including it in your own product or application.
You must, where you do any of the above:
  • acknowledge the source of the Information by including any attribution statement specified by the Information Provider(s) and, where possible, provide a link to this licence;
  • ensure that you do not use the Information in a way that suggests any official status or that the Information Provider endorses you or your use of the Information;
  • ensure that you do not mislead others or misrepresent the Information or its source;
  • ensure that your use of the Information does not breach the Data Protection Act 1998 or the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003.

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

United States[edit]

The following can be used for works of the United States Federal Government only
Category:PD-USGov-POTUS
Category:PD-USGov
{{PD-USGov}}

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work of the United States federal government (see 17 U.S.C. 105).

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

For edicts of state and local governments in the United States, please use {{PD-EdictGov}}.

Venezuela[edit]

{{PD-VenezuelaGov}}

This work is in the public domain because it is a work of the Venezuelan government and according to the "Law on Copyright", August 14, 1993, Part 1, Chapter 1, Section 1-4, "The texts of laws, decrees, official regulations, public treaties, judicial decisions and other official acts shall not be protected by this Law."

This work is also in the public domain in the U.S. because it is an edict of a government, local or foreign. See § 313.6(C)(2) of the Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices. Such documents include "legislative enactments, judicial decisions, administrative rulings, public ordinances, or similar types of official legal materials" as well as "any translation prepared by a government employee acting within the course of his or her official duties."

Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse

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