גמר II (b. h.; cmp. v. גמם) 1) to polish, touch up,
finish. Y. Sabb. VII, 10a bot. מלאכתו ג׳ when he gives
to his work the finishing touch; a. fr. -- 2) (in gen.) to
complete, end. Pes. X, 7 ההלל את עליו גומר he reads over
it (the fourth cup) the Hallel to the end, v. הלל. --Tosef.
Succ. III, 2 וכ׳ בהן גומרין on those occasions the entire
Hallel is read; Ber. 14a; Arakh. 10a; Taan. 28b. Ber. 13b
וגומרה חוזר (after the disciples left) did he take it up
again and read the whole of the Sh'ma?--Y. Yeb. II,
beg. 3c בה גומרת הביאה coition consummates the levir's
marriage (Bab. ib. 18a גמור קניין קונה), v. מאמר. -- Y. Ber.
VI, 10d top מלאכול ג׳ after he has finished eating; a-
fr. -- Euphem. to gratify the sexual appetite. Kerith. II, 4.
Pes. 87a (play on Gomer, Hos. I, 3) בה ומרים שהכל all
people could gratify their lust on her. -- וגומרר (abbr. וגו׳,
וג׳) and onefinishes (the sentence quoted)=andso forth, ccc., -
a clerical term used in Bible citations to save the writ-
iag out of the entire quotation. Hull. 98a. Gen. R. s. ,
beg.; a. fr. ---Part. pass. גמור, f. גמורה finished, complete,
real, valid. Kidd. 40b, a. fr. ג׳ צדיק a perfectly righteous
man (without faults); ג׳ רשע a wicked man throughout
(without any good quality). Yeb. 18b, a. fr. ג׳ קניין real
legal) possession. -- Pl. גמורים, גמורות. Hull. 89a; a. fr. --
Bets. 2b, a. e. ג׳ בצים perfectly developed eggs (with
shells), v. infra. -- 3) to destroy. Pes. 87b (play on Gomer,
v. supra) וגמרו בזזו (Ms. M. וגמרו גמרו) they plundered and
destroyed (they destroyed thoroughly). -- 4) to conclude,
determine, decide. Kel. XVI, 1. Ber. 17a וכ׳ לבבך בכל גמור
be determined with all thy heart &c. Shebu. 26b בלבו ׳ he
resolved (vowed) in his heart, opp. בשפתיו הוציא; Hag. 10a.
-- Erub. 13b, a. fr. וגמרו נמנו they were counted (their
votes were taken) and they decided. - Snh. III, 7142a) גמרו
הדבר את when they had closed the case (being ready
for publishing the sentence); a. fr. -- 5) to draw a con-
clusion by analogy. Sabb. 996b מיוהכ העברה העברה ג׳
one forms an analogy between the expressions heebir &c.;
a. fr. -- 6) to be fully developed. Tosef. Par. XI, 7, v. גמל. --
גמורות בצים, v. supra.
Pi. גמר 1) to destroy. Pes. 87b וכ׳ לגמר בקשו they
intented to destroy the possessions of Israel in her
(Gomer's) days, v. Supra. --2) to develop, mature, ripen.
Y. Shebi. V, beg. 35d וכ׳ מגמרין פירותיה׳ אין ttheir fruits
ripen only every three years.
Nif. נגמר to be fnished, complcted. Snh. VI, 1 הדין ׳
when proceedingsarefinished(sentence pronounced). Gen.
R. s. 12 מלאכתן נגמרה they were finished; a. fr.
גמר II ch. same; 1) to finish. Targ. Ps. LVII, 3 דיגמר (ed. Lag. גמר די, corr. acc.); a. fr. -- Pes. 55a גמרינן we dare finish a work commenced. Ib. לא אתחולי אין מיגמר to finish is permitted, but not to begin; a. fr. -- 2) to consume, destroy. Targ. Job I, 16. Ib. XXII, 20; a. fr. (also PPa.). -- 3) to end, cease. Targ. Ps. XII, 2 גמירו they are gone. Targ. Prov. V, 11. Ib. XXII, 8; a. e. --4) to conclude, derive. Hull. 98b מיניה וליגמר now let one draw a conclhusion from this (by analogy) Ib. מחידוש גמרינן לא from an exception we draw no conclusions; a. fr. -- 5) to be perfect, ready to answer, to know well. [Targ. Y. Deut. VI, 7 וכ׳ ותגמרינון, read ות׳, v. infra.] - Part. גמיר. Sabb. 63a וכ׳ גמירנא והוה and I knew well the whole Talmud (v. Rabh. D. S. a. l.). Taan. 7a bot. דגמירי who are learned; ib.b top ג׳ הוו טפי they would be more learned; a. fr. - Vhence; to learn by heart, esp. to learn traditional law (cmp. גרס II). Targ. Job XXII, 22 (h. text קח, cmp. לקח). -- Sabb. l. c. והדר איניש ליגמר ליסבר one must first learn traditions, and then he may reason; Ab. Zar. I9a, v. גרס II. -- Ber. 43a גמרינן . .. וברכת and we are not sufficiently familiar with the laws con- cerning grace at meals. Yoma 29a וכ׳ בעתיקא מיגמר to remember well something old (to refresh the memory) is more difficult than to commit to memory a fresh thing. Sabb. l. c. מיניה למיגמר from whom to receive traditions. Sot. 36b קגמר הוה לא he could not remember; a. fr. -- Sabb. 96b לה גמירי גמרא they (the scholars) know it by tradition; ib. 97a לה ג׳ הילכתא. -גמירי־ they have a tra- dition, it is a well-known maxim. Snh. 37b bot. Sot. 34a. Gitt. 47a; a. fr. Pa. גמר to finish; to consume. Targ. Job XXI, 13 ed. (Ms. גמרין Part. Pe.). Ib. XIII, 28; a. fr. Af. אגמיר to teach verbaly. Targ. Y. Deut. VI, 7 [read] ותגמרינון and thou shalt teach themt(v. Ber. 13b). - Sot. 36b גמר ולא אגמריה he taught him (the Hebrew language), but he (Pharaoh) could not remember it. Hull. 45b אגמרך גמרא Iwill teach thee a tradition. B. Kam. 17a לאגמורי as to teaching. Ber. 13b, v. גרס II. thpe. אתגמר, אגמר to be finished; to be destroyed. Targ. Job XXIII, 17. Targ. Ps. CIX, 23. -- Targ. Y. Num. XVIII,14. דמגמר (h. text חרס). Targ. Y. Ex. XXII, 19 יתגמרון (h. text יחרם).
גמר, constr. גמר m. (preced.) finishing, last touch; consummation. Sabb. 103a, a. fr. מלאכה ג׳ the finishing work. -- Snh. 6b; a. fr. דין ג׳ close of legal proceedings.
גמר III ch. 1) same, finish, perfection, beauty. Snh. 8b, a. e. דינא ג׳, v. preced. Targ. Ez. XXVII, 24 וכ׳ מיני ג׳ the perfection of all valuable things (h. text מכללים). Ib. XXIII, 6 ed. Lag. (ed. גמיר, h. text תכלת). Ib. 12 (h. text מכלול). -- 2) (cmp. גומרא) carbuncle, a precious stone. Targ. Is. LIV, 12 (h. text אקדח).
גמרא f. (v. גמר II, 5) memorizing of verbal teachings, tradition. Ab. Zar. 19abot. וכ׳ דבא מחד ג׳ אבל סברא הנ״מ (v. Rabb. D. S. a.l. note) this refers to reasoningt(dialectics), but as to traditional laws (rules &c.), it is better to study only with one teacher, in order not to be confused by varying wording; Yalk. Ps. 61 4. --Gitt. 6b וג׳ היא ג׳ הא ליה שמיע לא this is merely a tradition (not to be arrived at by way of reasoning) and one may not have heard that tradition (and yet be an able man). B. Mets. 33ab ג׳ verbal study (opp. to משנה which had been put to writing). Arakh. 29a גמיר גמריה רב (not גמור) Rab had his own tradition about it (had it from his teacher that the Mishnah was corrupt). Erub. 60a תהא זמורתא גמור ג׳ if it is a tradition, learn it by heart, let it be like a song (the wording of which you dare not change); Sabb. 106b; Ab. Zar. 32b; Bets. 24a (variouusly interpreted in comment.). -- Yoma 14b, a. fr. דג׳ משמיה as a tradition (without knowing the reasoning process, cmp. ib. 33a bot. גמירנא ג׳
