Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/24

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HG. âventiure, f., ‘occurrence, a marvellous, fortunate event, a poem on such a theme, sources of the court poets’; the latter is derived from Fr. aventure (MidLat. adventura, allied to MidLat. and Rom. advenire, ‘to happen’).

aber, adv. and conj., ‘but, however,’ from MidHG. aber (aver), abe (ave), adv. and conj., ‘again, once more, on the contrary, but’; OHG. abur, avar, adv. and conj. with both meanings; to this OHG. avarôn. ‘to repeat,’ ModHG. (UpG.) äfern is allied. Comp. Goth. afar, prep., ‘after,’ adv., ‘afterwards,’ OIc. afar, ‘very,’ in compounds; the word does not occur in Sax. dialects, but its deriv. OSax. aƀaro, AS. eafora, ‘descendant’ (comp. Goth. afar, ‘afterwards’), exists. It is probably related to ab and its cognates; comp. further Sans. ápara, ‘the later,’ aparám, adv., ‘latterly, in future,’ aparī̆, ‘future.’

aber, äber, adj., (UpG.), äfer (Franc), ‘free from snow, laid bare’; from the prim. form *âbar, âbiri (âfiri); orig. cognate with Lat. apricus, ‘sunny.’

Aberglaube, m., ‘superstition,’ first occurs in early ModHG. (15th cent.); since Luther it has made its way into ModHG.; orig. a LG. word (comp. Adebar, Demut), as the vowel-sounds indicate. LG. aber, for over, ober, points to OLG. *oƀar-gilóðo (Du. overgeloof), ‘superstition,’ which is formed after the model of Lat. superstitio; comp. Dan. overtro, Sw. öfvertro, but also in MidLG. bîgelôve, Du. bijgeloof.

abermal, adv., first occurs in ModHG. for the equiv. MidHG. aber, ‘again, once more,’ formed with the suffix mal.

Aberraute, f., ‘southern-wood,’ a corruption of Lat-Gr. abrotonum (Fr. aurone), due to its supposed connection with Raute; see also Ebritz.

Aberwitz, m., ‘false wit, craziness,’ from MidHG. aberwitze, abewitze, ‘want of understanding,’ from MidHG. abe, ‘away from,’ as in MidHG. abegunst, ‘envy, jealousy.’

abgefeimt, see Feim.

Abgott, m., ‘idol,’ from MidHG. and OHG. abgot, n., ‘idol, idolatrous image’; note the retention of the older gender of Gott as late as MidHG.; comp. Goth. afguþs, ‘godless’ (antithesis to gaguþs, ‘pious’); hence Abgott is properly ‘false god’; see Aberwitz.

Abgrund, m., ‘abyss, precipice,’ from

MidHG. abgrunt, m., most frequently abgründe, n., OHG. abgrunti, n., ‘abyss,’ properly ‘declivity’; comp. Goth. afgrundiþa, f., ‘abyss.’

ablang, adj., ‘oblong, oval,’ first occurs in ModHG., formed on the model of Lat. oblongus.

Ablats, m., ‘sluice, remission,’ from MidHG. ablâȥ, m., OHG. áblâȥ, n., ‘indulgence, remission, pardon’; comp. Goth. áflêts, m., ‘remission, pardon.’ allied to af-lẽtan, ‘to remit, pardon,’ OHG. ob-lâȥȥan.

abmurksen, see meucheln.

Abseite, f., ‘wing, aisle,’ from MidHG. apsîte, f., ‘the domed recess of a church,’ a corruption of MidLat. and OHG. absida (Gr. ἀψίς), ‘vault,’ due to its supposed connection with sîte, ‘side.’

abspenstig, adj., ‘alienated, disaffected,’ first occurs in ModHG., from OHG. spenstîg, ‘seductive,’ allied to OHG. spanst, ‘allurement’; see under Gespenst and widerspenstig.

Abt, m., ‘abbot,’ from the equiv. MidHG. apt, abbet, abbât, OHG. and MidHG. abbā̆t, m.; comp. Du. abt, AS. abbod (with an abnormal d), and less frequently abbot, E. abbot. Borrowed with a change of accent in OHG. from MidLat. abbât- (nom. sing. abbas), ‘abbot’; comp. Ital. abáte, Fr. abbé, OIr. abb, acc. abbaith. It will be seen under Kreuz that in words borrowed from Lat. the stem of the oblique cases as well as the nomin. often forms the base; with regard to the ecclesiastical terms borrowed in OHG. comp. among others Mönch, Nonne, Papst, Priester, Probst.

Abtei, f., ‘abbey,’ from MidHG. aptei, abbeteie, OHG. abbateia, f., ‘abbey’ (for *abbeia?), formed from MidLat. abbatia, under the influence of OFr. abbaie, and based upon abbā̆t.

abtrünnig, adj., from the equiv. MidHG. abetrünncc (abetrünne), OHG. abatrunnîg, adj., ‘recreant’; orig. sense, ‘he who separates himself from,’ for trennen contains the same stem. Comp. also OHG. anttrunno, ‘fugitive,’ MidHG. trünne, ‘a detached troop.’

Abzucht, f., ‘drain, sewer,’ first occurs in ModHG., germanised from Lat. aquaeductus (whence also Swiss Akten, ‘conduits’). See Andauche.

ach, interj., ‘ah! alas!’ from MidHG. ach, OHG. ah; to this is allied MidHG. and ModHG. Ach, ah, n., ‘woe,’ and its deriv., which first occurs in ModHG., ächzen,