in 1825-'9, and of the Presbyterian church at Cazenovia, N. Y., in 1829-'33. From 1834 till 1841 he was pastor of the Presbyterian church at Owego, N. Y., and from 1841 till 1861 he was president of Wabash college, Crawfordsville, Ind. He re- ceived the degree of D. D. from Union in 1840. Besides many sermons, he published "Essays in Literature and Ethics" (Boston, 1853).
WHITE, Charles Abiathar, geologist, b. in
North Dighton, Mass., 26 Jan., 1826. He removed
to Iowa in 1839, and was graduated at Rush
medical college in 1863. Three years later he be-
came state geologist of Iowa, which appointment he
held until 1870, and in 1807-73 he was professor
of natural history in the Iowa state university. In
1873 he was called to the same chair in Bowdoin, but
he resigned two years later, and during 1874 was
geologist and palaeontologist to the U. S. geographi-
cal and geological surveys west of the 100th me-
ridian under Lieut. George M. Wheeler. He then
passed to the service of the survey under Maj. John
W.. Powell in 1875, and in 1876 to that under Fer-
dinand V. Hayden, with whom he remained until
1879. Dr. White had charge of the palaeontologi-
cal collections in the U. S. national museum in
1879-'82, and in 1881 was detailed to act as chief
of the artesian wells commission upon the Great
Plains under the auspices of the U. S. agricultural
department. Since 1882 he has been connected
with the U. S. geological survey, first as geologist,
and since 1883 as palaeontologist in charge of the
division of mesozoic invertebrates. His knowl-
edge of his specialty has gained for him a reputa-
tion as an authority that is unequalled in certain
branches of fossil life. The degree of A. M. was
conferred on him by Iowa college, and he holds an
honorary curatorship in the U. S. national muse-
um. He is a member of scientific societies, was
president of the Biological society of Washington
in 1883-'4, and was elected a vice-president of the
American association for the advancement of
science in 1888. His writings include nearly 200
papers, of which the most important are included
in the reports of the various surveys with which he
has been connected, also a work on the cretaceous
invertebrates of Brazil, which were collected by the
Imperial geological commission, under the direc-
tion of the late Charles F. Hartt, to form vol.
vii. pf the "Archives of the Brazilian National
Museum "(Rio de Janeiro, 1887). See " Annotated
Catalogue of the Published Writings of Charles
Abiathar White, 1860-1885," by John B. Marcou
(Washington, 1885).
WHITE, Charles Ignatius, R. C. clergyman,
b. in Baltimore, Md., in 1807; d. in Washington,
D. C, 1 April, 1877. He was graduated at St.
Mary's college, Baltimore, in 1823, and became a
Roman Catholic priest. He was at the time of
his death, and had been for twenty years preceding,
the pastor of St. Matthew's church in Washing-
ton, D. C. He edited the " Catholic Almanac " in
1834-'57, and founded and edited the " Religious
Cabinet " in 1842, a monthly magazine, which was
replaced in 1843 by the " United States Catholic
Magazine." This again was replaced in 1849 by a
weekly paper, the "Catholic Mirror." He trans-
lated and edited Jaime Lucio Balmes's "Protestant-
ism and Catholicity compared in their Effects on
the Civilization of Europe " (New York, 1850) ; also
Chateaubriand's "Genius of Christianity" (1856);
and wrote a " Life of Mrs. Eliza A. Seton " (1853).
WHITE, Daniel Appleton, jurist, b. in the
part of Methuen which is now Lawrence, Mass., 7
June. 1776; d. in Salem, Mass., 30 March, 1861.
He was graduated at Harvard in 1797, was teacher
of the Medford grammar-school in 1797-'9 and
Latin tutor in Harvard in 1799-1803. He began
the study of law at Cambridge, was admitted to
the bar in 1804, and engaged in practice in New-
buryport, where he resided till January. 1817, when
he removed to Salem. He was a member of the
Massachusetts legislature in 1810-15, was chosen
to congress in 1814, but declined to serve, and was
elected judge of probate of Essex county, Mass..
which office he held for thirty-eight years. He
was for many years an active member of the Essex
institute, to which he gave 8,000 volumes, and of
the Massachusetts historical society. Judge White
was the author of a "Eulogy on George Washing-
ton" (Haverhill, 1800); " View of the Jurisdiction
of the Court of Probate in Massachusetts" (Sa-
lem, 1822) ; " Eulogy on Nathaniel Bowditch "
(1822); and "New England Congregationalism, in
its Origin and Purity " (1861); and aided John
Pickering in preparing his edition of Sallust (1805).
See a memoir of Judge White by James Walker,
written for the Massachusetts historical society
(1863), and also one by George W. Briggs for the
Essex institute (1864).
WHITE, David Nye, journalist, b. in Ware-
ham, Mass., 22 Aug., 1805; d. in Sewickley, Pa., 1
April, 1888. He was descended from Peregrine
White, and his father, Ebenezer, served through
the Revolutionary war. He removed with his
parents to Ohio soon after the war of 1812; was a
printer in Canton, Ohio, and Rochester, N. Y., in
December, 1827, removed to Pittsburg, Pa., and in
1841 purchased the Pittsburg " Gazette," of which
he was also editor. He was opposed to slavery,
and, despairing of accomplishing anything to bene-
fit the slaves through the existing political parties,
he published a call in 1855 for a county conven-
tion to form a new party. The call had few sign-
ers, but, when the convention met, every district in
the county was represented by a duly elected dele-
gate. A ticket was nominated, and from this
beginning, it is claimed, sprang the Republican
party. Mr. White was collector of internal revenue
of the 23d district of Pennsylvania for four years,
a member of the state house of representatives
three years, and a delegate at large to the Consti-
tutional convention of 1873-'4.
WHITE, Edward Douglas, statesman, b. in Tennessee in March, 1795; d. in New Orleans, La., 18 April, 1847. He removed with his father, James, who was subsequently appointed judge of western Louisiana, to Attakapas parish, La., in 1799. He was educated at the University of Tennessee, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began to practise at Donaldsonville, but, on being appointed to a judgeship in New Orleans, he removed thither. He was elected to congress for three consecutive terms, and served from 7 Dec., 1829, till 15 Nov., 1834, when, having been elected governor, he resigned. He was governor of Louisiana in 1834-'8, afterward removed to a sugar-plantation near Thibodeaux, and was again elected as a Whig to congress, serving from 2 Dec., 1839, till 3 March, 1843. He was on the steamer “Lioness” when she was set on fire by an explosion of gunpowder, 19 May, 1833, and narrowly escaped death. — His son, Edward Douglas, jurist, b. in Lafourche parish, La., 3 Nov., 1845, was educated at Mt. St. Mary's college, Emmitsburg, Md., and the Jesuit's college in New Orleans. During the civil war he served in the Confederate army. He then studied and practised law, was a state senator in 1874-'8, and judge of the Louisiana supreme court in 1878-'80, and on 29 May, 1888, was elected U. S. senator for the term beginning on 4 March, 1889.
