was professor in the seminary at Lahainaluna and pastor of the church at Kaanapali. He visited the United States in 1860, and took the degree of M. D. there. He baptized nearly 1,200 persons during his pastorate. He published five volumes of ele- mentary works, three of them in the Hawaiian language, and, while at Lahainaluna, was joint au- thor, with Rev. Artemas Bishop, of an " English- Plawaiian Dictionary," based on Webster's abridg- ment (Lahainaluna, 1845). — His wife, Ursula Sophia Newell, b. in Nelson, N. H., 37 Sept., 1806, married Mr. Emerson in 1831, and gave him elfi- cient aid in his work.
EMERSON, Joseph, educator, b. in Hollis,
N. H., in 1777 ; d. in Wethersfield, Conn., in 1833.
He was graduated at Harvard in 1798, and was
tutor therein 1801-'3, meanwhile studying theology.
He was pastor of Beverly, Mass., in 1803-'16, and
delivered there a course of historical lectures.
After visiting the south, and delivering and pub-
lishing " Lectures upon the Millennium," he estab-
lished an academy in Byfield, Mass., and afterward
lectured on astronomy in Boston. He taught
school and was pastor at Saugus, Mass., in 1821-'3,
but in the latter year moved to Charleston, S. C,
for his health. After returning to Saugus he gave
up ministerial duties in 1825 and engaged in teach-
ing in Wethersfield, Conn. During his residence
there he again visited Saugus, and delivered lect-
ures on Pollok's " Course of Time." He published
an edition of "Watts on the Mind." — His brother,
Ralph, clergyman, b. in Hollis, N. H., 18 Aug.,
1787; d. in Rockford, 111., 20 May, 1863, was gradu-
ated at Yale in 1811, and at Andover theological
seminary in 1814, and, after holding a tutorship in
Yale for two years, was ordained, 12 June, 1816, as
pastor of the 1st Congregational church at Nor-
folk, Conn., where he remained till 1829. He was
professor of ecclesiastical history and pastor at
Andover from 1829 till 1853, then removed to New-
buryport, and in 1858 to Rockford, 111., where he
remained till his death, also lecturing at the Chica-
go theological seminary. Yale gave him the degree
of D. D. in 1830. He contributed largely to reli-
gious periodicals, published a " Life of Rev. Joseph
Emerson," his brother (Boston, 1834), and trans-
lated, with notes, Wiggins's " Augustinianism and
Pelagianism " (Andover, 1840).
EMERSON, Luther Orlando, musician, b. in
Parsonsfield, Me., 3 Aug., 1820. He began the
study of music at the age of twenty-four, and has
devoted himself to teaching singing-classes and to
writing vocal school-exercises and church music,
in Boston, Salem, and West Greenfield, Mass. Mr.
Emerson is well known as the conductor of numer-
ous musical festivals and conventions in all parts
of the Union. Besides occasional pieces in the
form of sheet-music, he has written and compiled
many collections of church music. Among them
" The Romberg Collection " (Boston, 1853) ; " The
Golden Wreath" (1857); "The Golden Harp"
(1858); "The Sabbath Harmony" (1860); "The
Harp of Judah " (1863) ; " Merry Chimes " (1865) ;
"Jubilate " (1866) ; and sundry other collections.
EMERSON, Ralph Waldo, author, b. in Boston,
Mass., 25 May, 1803; d. in Concord, Mass., 27
April, 1882. He was the second of five sons of the
Rev. William Emerson, minister of the 1st church,
Boston. His grandfather at the sixth remove,
Rev. Joseph Emerson, of Mendon, Mass., married
the granddaughter of Rev. Peter Bulkeley, who
was one of the founders of Concord, Mass., and
minister of the first church there. Joseph's grandson,
of the same name, was pastor at Malden, and
married a daughter of the Rev. Samuel Moody, of
York, Me., and three of the sons of this union were
clergymen; among them William, Ralph Waldo's
grandfather, who presided over the church in
Concord at the time of the first battle of the
Revolutionary war, which took place close by the minister's
manse. This grandfather also had married
the daughter of a minister, the Rev. Daniel Bliss,
his predecessor in the pulpit at Concord. Thus the
tendency and traditions of Ralph Waldo Emerson's
ancestry were strong in the direction of scholarly
pursuits and religious thought. His family was
one of those that constitute, as Dr. Holmes says,
the “academic races” of New England. His
father (see Emerson, William) was a successful
but not popular preacher, whose sympathies were
far removed from Calvinism. He published several
sermons, and was editor of the “Monthly Anthology”
from 1805 till 1811, a periodical that had for
contributors John Thornton Kirkland, Joseph S.
Buckminster, John S. J. Gardiner, William Tudor,
and Samuel C. Thacher. It was largely instrumental
in developing a taste for literature in New
England, and led to the establishment of the
“North American Review.” The mother of Waldo
was a woman “of great patience and fortitude, of
the serenest trust in God, of a discerning spirit,
and the most courteous bearing.” He strongly
resembled his father. His aunt, Mary Moody
Emerson, a woman of high intellectual attainments,
was one of his early companions; and in some
printed extracts from her journals a mode of
thought and expression remarkably similar to that
of the now celebrated essayist is traceable. His
youngest brother, Charles Chauncey, who died
young, in 1834, was distinguished by a singularly
pure and sweet character, and contributed to the
“Harvard Register” three articles in which there
are passages strikingly like portions of the essays
afterward produced by Ralph Waldo. The latter
concentrated in himself the spiritual and intellectual
tendencies of several generations. He entered
the grammar-school at the age of eight, and the
Latin-school, under Master Gould, in 1815; but
neither here nor at Harvard did he show unusual
ability. After leaving college he engaged
in teaching, and began the study of theology under
the direction of Dr. Channing, although not regularly
enrolled at the Cambridge divinity-school.
He read Plato, Augustine, Tillotson, Jeremy Taylor,
and had from boyhood been an enthusiast
regarding Montaigne's essays, of which he said: “It
seems to me as if I had myself written the book in
some former life.” In 1826 he was “approbated to
preach” by the Middlesex association of ministers;
but his health forced him to pass the winter in
South Carolina and Florida. He was ordained in
March, 1829, as colleague of Rev. Henry Ware. Jr.,
in the pastorate of the 2d church, Boston, and
succeeded to Ware's place within eighteen months.
His preaching was eloquent, simple, and effective.
He took part actively in the city's public affairs,
and showed a deep interest in philanthropic
movements, opening his church, also, to the anti-slavery
agitators. In 1832, however, he resigned his
pastorate, and did not thereafter regularly resume
ministerial labors. Having decided that the use of
the elements in the communion was a mistaken
formality — the true communion, as he thought,
being purely spiritual — he refused to make the
compromise proposed, that he should put his own
construction on the Lord's supper, leaving his
congregation to retain their view. The parting with his
flock was friendly, and, although long misunderstood
in certain quarters, he always maintained a
strong sympathy with Christianity. For several
