Page:Atharva-Veda samhita.djvu/423

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253
TRANSLATION AND NOTES. BOOK V.
-v. 19

2. The people who delivered up (? arpay-) the Brahman Brihatsāman, descendant of An̄giras—a he-goat with two rows of teeth, a sheep, consumed (av) their offspring (toká).

The translation implies emendation in c to ubhayā́dann (nom. of -dant), as suggested in the Index Verborum, and, indeed, assumed also by Zimmer and Muir. Ppp. is so mutilated that nothing is to be learned from it. The definition of the verse given by the Anukr. corresponds with its present form; but a invites emendation.


3. They who spat upon a Brahman, or who sent [their] mucus at him—they sit in the midst of a stream of blood, devouring hair.

Ppp. reads asmāi in b, and combines -ntā ”sate in d. Read in our text īṣiré at the end (an accent-sign, lost under ṣi).


4. The Brahman's cow, being cooked, as far as she penetrates (?), smites out the brightness (téjas) of a kingdom; no virile (vṛ́ṣan) hero is born [there].

Ján̄gahe is doubtful in meaning, although it cannot well be referred to any root but gāh; derivation from a root jaṅh, proposed in the major Pet. Lex., is apparently withdrawn in the minor. Ppp. reads pumān in d. The separate accent of abhí in b is a case falling under Prāt. iv. 4, and the passage is quoted in the commentary to that rule.


5. Cruel is the cutting up of her; harsh to eat (?) is her prepared flesh (piçitám); in that the milk (kṣīrá) of her is drunk, that verily is an offense against the Fathers.

The translation implies emendation of asyate in b to asyate, as suggested by Zimmer; Ppp. unfortunately lacks the verse.


6. A king who thinks himself formidable, [and] who desires to devour a Brahman—that kingdom is poured away, where a Brahman is scathed (jyā).

Yáj jíghatsati in b is an error for yó j-. 'Pour away,' doubtless a figure from the pouring off onto the ground of worthless liquid. With a, b compare RV. ii. 23. 12.


7. Becoming eight-footed, four-eyed, four-eared, four-jawed, two-mouthed, two-tongued, she shakes down the kingdom of the Brahman-scather.

Ppp. reads, in c, dvijihvā dviprāṇā bhūtvā, and omits brahmajyásya at the end.


8. It leaks verily into that kingdom, as water into a split boat (nāú); where they injure a Brahman, that kingdom misfortune smites.

Ppp. puts bhinnām before nāvam in b, and has for c brāhmaṇo yatra jīyate (like our 6 d). Zimmer and Muir prefer to understand in a a subject, coördinate with udakam in b: "ruin flows into that kingdom." ⌊W. doubtless means to imply that it is not competent to base upon the phrase in b an argument about shipwreck and ocean commerce. But cf. Hopkins, AJP. xix. 139.⌋


9. Him the trees drive away, saying "do not come unto our shadow," who, O Nārada, plots against that which is the riches of the Brahman.

Or, 'against the real (sát) riches' etc.; emendation of sát to tát (BR. v. 515) seems uncalled for. The verse reads as if taken from a collection of adages.