Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide produced in trace amounts on glucose yeast agar. Potato mash: Active fermentation with "head"; pale canary-yellow pigment; com- plete diastatic action. Acid and gas from glucose, galactose, maltose, sucrose, lactose, starch and pectin. Inulin, mannitol, glycerol and calcium lac- tate not fermented. Flax sterilized in yeast infusion: Active retting. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. Ni- trites reduced, presumably to ammonia. Coagulated egg albumin: No visible change, but after several days softening can be detected by probing. Brain medium: Slight gas; no blackening or digestion. Anaerobic. Grows well at 37° and well but more slowly at 30° C. Distinctive characters: Non-diffusible, canary-yellow pigment; active retting of flax. Source: Isolated from Australian flax. Habitat: Presumably soil. 77. Clostridium carbonei Arnaudi, 1936. (Soc. Intern. Microbiol., Boll. Sez. Ital., 8, 1936, 251 ; also see Boll. 1st. Sieroter, Milano, 16, 1937, 650.) car.bo'ne.i. M.L. gen. noun carbonei of Carbone; named for Carbone, an Italian bacteriologist. Rods, 0.8 to 1.0 by 3.5 to 4.5 microns, with ends slightly tapered. Spores ovoid, 0.8 to 1.0 by 1.0 to 1.75 microns, terminal, swelling the cells. Non-motile. Strongly granulose- positive with iodine solution. Gram-posi- tive. Gelatin: No growth. Glucose- and lactose-gelatin: No growth. Plain agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : Flat, shining, colorless, with irregular edges. Malt agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : Creamy to slightly reddish; irregular edges. Plain agar stab: Only traces of growth along stab. Glucose and maltose agar stab: No growth. Plain broth: Very slight, colorless, dif- fuse turbidity. Glucose broth: Very slight turbidity. Maltose broth: Intensely turbid; profuse, reddish yellow sediment. Tarozzi broth: Slight, diffuse turbidity. Coagulated egg-yolk broth: Slightly tur- bid; no digestion. Coagulated egg-albumin broth: Slightly turbid; no digestion. Milk: Soft coagulation; slight, fine, red- dish flocculence. Whey turbid and colorless. Reaction acid. Clot not digested. Digest-milk (optimum medium) : Very abundantly turbid; bright red, flocculent sediment, diffusing uniformly on shaking. Roux-potato slant (anaerobic) : Puncti- form, raised, opaque, deep red colonies, becoming almost violet. Indole not produced. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. Glucose, maltose, sucrose, galactose, fruc- tose and raffinose are weakly fermented. Lactose is slowly and partially fermented (only in acidified medium). Starch slightly fermented. Cellulose not attacked. Hemp is not retted. Fermentation products include H2 , CO2 , CH4 , butyric acid and traces of ethjd alco- hol. Coagulated serum (Loeffler, anaerobic) : Poor growth; flat, red surface colonies. No digestion. Brain medium: Action not recorded. Anaerobic. Temperature relations: Optimum, 37° C. Grows slowly between 25° and 30° C. Growth ceases at 40° C. Chemical tolerance: Optimum pH, be- tween 7.0 and 7.2. Minimum pH, 6.0. Max- imum pH, 8.0. Not pathogenic for sheep, rabbits, guinea pigs or white mice. Distinctive character: Production of a brilliant red pigment which is soluble in amjd alcohol, petrol-ether, xylol and aniline oil and partly soluble in ether, chloroform and acetone; pigment very stable in light. Source : Isolated from raw potato infusion. Habitat: Not recorded. 78. Clostridium haumaiiii (Soriano, 1930) Prevot, 1938. (Unnamed plectridium, Sordelli and Soriano, Compt. rend. Soc.
