DUSSELDORF 443 PWIGHT great reputation in emotional roles. She has played in all the principal countries of Europe and visited the United States in 1892-1893. Though her genius is un- doubted, her disposition prevents her from becoming a popular favorite. She made her first appearance on the stage at the age of 7. At 20 she married the actor-journalist Signor Checci, but they soon separated. Her name was long as- sociated with that of D'Annunzio, who wrote plays for her, and in which she continued to act after they quarrelled in 1899. Her most famous roles are: "Marguerite," "Paula," "Magda," "Le Femme de Claude," and "Le Locandiere." She toured the United States in 1893, 1896, 1902 and 1903. DUSSELDORF, a town of Prussia, in the Rhenish province, beautifully situ- ated on the right bank of the Rhine, 22 miles N. N. W. of Cologne, one of the handsomest towns in the valley of the Rhine. It is a great focus of railway and steamboat communication, and has a number of handsome public buildings, and several remarkable churches. Among the public institutions particular notice is due to the Academy of Art, founded, 1767, by the Elector Theodore, and after- ward directed by Cornelius, Schadow, Bendemann, etc. It has the honor of having founded a school of painting, which takes the name of Diisseldorf . The industries embrace iron, cotton, leather, tobacco, carpets and chemicals. The city was occupied by French troops on March 7, 1921. Pop. about 365,000. DUVAL, CLAUDE (dii-val'), an Eng- lish highwayman; born in Domfront, Normandy, in 1643. He went to Eng- land at the Restoration, in the train of the Duke of Richmond. Taking soon to the road, he robbed many gentlemen of their purses, and ladies of their hearts, till, having been captured while drunk, he was hanged at Tyburn, Jan. 21, 1670, and was buried in the mid aisle of Con- vent Garden Church. DUYCKINCK, EVERT AUGUSTUS (di'kingk), an American author; born in New York City, Nov. 23, 1816. Grad- uating from Columbia College, he studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1837. In 1847 he edited the "Literary World." In 1854, with his brother, George, he prepared the "Cyclopaedia of American Literature" (2 vols. 1855; enlarged eds. 1865 and 1875). His last work was the preparation, with William Cullen Bryant, of an edition of Shakespeare. He died in New York City, Aug. 13, 1878. DVORAK, ANTONIN (dvor'zhak), a Bohemian composer; born near Miihl- hausen, Sept. 8, 1841. His father was an innkeeper and butcher. Attention was first called to him by what remains his best work, a "Stabat Mater." He has made great use of Bohemian folk music. His "Bohemian Dances" (two sets) , 30 variations on a Bohemian theme for gi-and orchestra, "Hulsitska" over- ture; cantata, "The Specter's Bride," and a symphony written for the London Philharmonic Society, are his most wide- ly known works. His oratorio, "St. Ludmilla," was written for the Leeds Festival of Oct. 15, 1887. He came to the United States in 1892, and became director of the National Academy of Music. His "New World Symphony" was produced in 1893. He died May 1, 1904. DWARF, a human being much below the ordinary size of man. Dwarfs are described by several ancient classical writers. Herodotus gives an account of a race of dwarfs living in Libya and the Syrtes, to which Aristotle and Pliny also refer. Philetas of Cos, distinguished about 330 B. c. as a poet and grammarian was jocularly said to have carried weights to prevent his being blown away. He was preceptor to Ptolemy Philadel- phus. Julia, niece of Augustus, had a dwarf named Coropas, two feet and a hand's breadth high; and Andromeda, a freedmaid of Julia's, was of the same height. The best known of modern dwarfs was Charles S. Stratton, "Tom Thumb," born in Bridgeport, Conn. Francis Flynn, "General Mite" was 21 inches high at 16. DWARKA, a maritime town of Guzerat, India, on the W. side of the peninsula of Kathiawar, in the Domin- ion of Baroda, 235 miles S. W. of Ahmedabad. On an eminence overhang- ing the seashore stands a great temple of Krishna, visited annually by 10,000 pilgrims. DWIGHT, HARRISON GRAY OTIS, an American missionary; born in Con- way, Mass., Nov. 22, 1803; was gradu- ated at Hamilton College, New York, in 1825, and became a missionary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions in 1820 to the Arme- nians, making Constantinople the center of his field of operations. He wrote "Researches of Smith and Dwight in Armenia" and "Christianity Revived in the East." He died Jan. 25, 1862. DWIGHT, THEODORE WILLIAM, an American educator, jurist, and ed- itor; born in Catskill, N. Y., July 18, 1822; was educated at Hamilton College, and pursued the study of law at the Yale Law School ; was Professor of Law in Hamilton College and subsequently in
