FAWCETT 108 FAYOLLE favor of complete liberty of the press, against the war with Austria of 1859, and, in 1864, by an attack on the policy of the imperial government in the Mexi- can War. He became vice-president of the provisional government of national defense, and minister of foreign affairs in September, 1870; signed the definitive treaty of peace v?ith Prussia, May 10, 1871, and resigned his post two months later. He was elected to the French Academy in 1867. He died in Versailles, France, Jan, 19, 1880, FAWCETT, HENRY, an English political economist; bom in Salisbury, England, Aug. 26, 1833. An accident which deprived him of sight early in life did not prevent his attainment of d'stinction as postmaster-general under Gladstone, and as a writer of force in "Manual of Political Economy" (6th ed. 1883) ; "The Economic Position of the British Laborer" (1865); "Pauperism: Its Causes and Remedies" (1871) ; and "Free Trade and Protection." He died in Cambridge, Nov. 6, 1884. FAWCETT, M. EDWABD, an Amer- ican Protestant Episcopal bishop, born in New Hartford, la., in 1865. He grad- uated from Upper Iowa University in 1886, afterward studying at the Garrett Biblical Institute. He was ordained a priest in 1897 and was rector of churches in Elgin and Chicago, 111., until 1903, when he was appointed 3d bishop of Quincy, 111. In 1917 he was captain and chaplain of the 5th Illinois Iniantry and was also a divisional chaplain of the 33d Division. FAWKES, FAUX, or VAUX, GUY, an English conspirator; born in York, England, in 1570. He enlisted in the Spanish army in the Netherlands, where he was found by Winter, one of the anti- Protestant conspirators, and with him returned to England, in 1604, after agreeing to assist in the Gunpowder Plot. He passed under the name of Johnson, as servant to Thomas Percy, another conspirator, and was placed to lodge in the house next to the Parliament House. After collecting the necessary combustibles, Fawkes worked his way into the coal cellar under the House of Lords, and after storing it with gun- powder, etc., was appointed to the dan- gerous duty of firing the mine. The gov- ernm.ent having had timely information of the detestable plot, the House of Lords and its cellar was searched, and Fawkes found secreted amid some casks of gunpowder, Nov. 5, 1605. He was at once arrested, soon after tried, and Jan. 31, 1606, suffered death at Westminster with several of the other conspirators. FAY, ANDREAS (f i or fay) , a Hun- garian author; born in Kohany, Zemplin, Hungary, May 30, 1786. Till the ap- pearance of Kossuth on the scene (1840) he was the foremost leader at Pest of the Opposition party. His volume of poems, "New Garland" (1818) estab- lished his fame as a poet, but his ad- mirable prose "Fables" (1820) attained a far wider popularity. Among his dra- matic works are the tragedy, "The Two Bathorys" (1827) ; and several comedies. His social novel, "The House of the Bel- tekys" (1832), and a number of short stories, entitle him to a place among the great masters of Hungarian prose. He died in Pest, July 26, 1864. FAYETTEVILLE, a city and county- seat of Washington co.. Ark.; on the St. Louis and San Francisco and the Kansas City and Memphis railroads; in the Ozark Mountains, surrounded by beauti- ful scenery; is a well-known summer resort and is called the Athens of Ar- kansas. Fayetteville is a fruit center for northwestern Arkansas, It is the seat of the Arkansas Industrial University. Here are a foundry, flour mills, large wagon factory, fruit evaporating estab- lishment, etc. Pop. (1910) 4,471; (1920) 5,362. FAYETTEVILLE, a city and county- seat of Cumberland co., N. C; on Cape Fear river, and on the Aberdeen and Rockfish and the Atlantic Coast Line railroads; 80 miles N. Wo of Wilmington, It contains a high school, military acad- emy, a State Colored Normal School, a bank, and several newspapers. It has manufactories of edge tools, carriages, wooden ware, flour, turpentine, cotton, etc. On April 22, 1861, the Confederates seized the United States arsenal at this point. General Sherman occupied the town March 11-14, 1865, and destroyed the arsenaL Pop. (1910) 7,045; (1920) 8,877. FAYOLLE, MARIE EMILE, a French soldier, born in 1852. He was educated at the Superior School of War, and for several years served as instructor at that institution. He was promoted to be lieu- tenant-colonel in 1903 and general in 1910. In 1914 he commanded the artil- lery brigade of Vincennes and in the same year was commander of the 70th Division Infantry. In the following year he commanded the 33d Army Corps and was made commander of the 6th French Army in 1916. In December, 1919, he commanded the French forces in Italy. General Fayolle took part in the first French offensive of Lorraine, where he greatly distinguished himself by ener- getic action which held up the German
