JELLICOE 247 JEMAPPES the navy in 1872, served in the Egyp- tian War of 1882, winning a Khedive's bronze star, and after becoming lieu- tenant won prizes at the Royal Naval College. While commanding a ship in 1893 he was wrecked off Victoria. He served in China in 1898-1901 and during that period commanded the Naval Bri- gade and acted as Chief of Staff to Vice- Admiral Sir E. Seymour during the at- tempted relief of the Peking Legations. In 1905-7 he was director of Naval Ordnance and was wounded at Peitsang. ADMIRAL JELLICOE Later Kaiser William conferred on him the Order of the Red Eagle, 2nd class (with swords) for services in China. He was made rear-admiral in 1907, and as such served in the Atlantic fleet in 1907-8. In 1908-10 he was lord com- m^issioner of the Admiralty and controller of the Navy and in 1910-11 commanded the Atlantic fleet. In 1911-12 he com- manded the Second Squadron Home Fleet, and in 1912-14 was Second Sea Lord of the Admiralty. During the Eu- ropean War he was in command of the Grand Fleet. He was present at the Battle of Jutland, May 31, 1916, which was the greatest naval engagement of the war. On that occasion he commanded the main fleet, composed of about 25 dreadnought battleships, and came to the assistance of Admiral Beatty shortly after the battle began. In 1915 he was created G. C. B., having in 1911 been made K. C. B. In 1916 he received the Order of Merit and has been Chief of the Naval Staff since 1917. He was made viscount at the close of the war. JELLIFFE, SMITH ELY, an Ameri- can neurologist, born in New York City, in 1866. He graduated from Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute in 1886 and from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York, in 1889. He took post graduate courses in Europe in 1903 and was appointed visiting neurologist at the City Hospital, New York. From 1903 to 1907, he was professor of mental dis- eases at Fordham University. He was also lecturer and professor of medical colleges and hospitals in New York. He became known as one of the leading ex- perts in mental diseases. He paid spe- cial attention to psycho-analysis and be- came an authority on that subject. He was a member of many medical societies. He wrote "Morphology and Histology of Plants" (1899); "Outlines of Pharma- cognosy" (1904). He also edited and translated the works of many foreign writers on medical subjects, and con- tributed many articles on psycho-analysis and other topics to medical magazines. JELLY FISH, a name for bell-shaped or disk-like marine Hydrozoa, for the most part active swimmers. One set, known as Acraspeda or Acalephse, are usually large, a giant specimen of Cy- anea, had a bell IVz feet across, and tentacles 120 feet long. Beset vnth myriads of stinging cells, these "blub- bers" often make bathers more than un- comfortable. The common Aurelia is a well-known representative, while the ex- ceptional Lucemarians have a more or less sedentary life attached to sea-weeds and other objects. Included among the craspedote hydrozoa, are the Trachy- medusse, of which Geryonia is a good type. Finally, a great number of medusoid forms, usually small in size, very closely resemble the Tr achy medusas, but differ both from them and from the Acraapeda in being the liberated sexual "persons" of hydroid or zoophyte colo- nies. JEMAPPES (zhuh-map'), a village in the Belgian province of Hainault. Here the French Republicans under Dumou- riez, on Nov. 6, 1792, defeated the Aus- trians, which victory placed Belgium in the power of the French. The village stands on one of the richest coalfields of Belgium, and manufactures stone- ware, glass, and chemicals. Pop. about 15,000. The village was occupied by the Germans in 1914. It was one of the
