KEHL 327 KELLERMANN the side of a steep hill. It was noted in Carthaginian times for its temple to Astarte. There exist a ruined temple, thermae, and cisterns of Roman construc- tion. KEHL (kal), a town of the former grand-duchy of Baden, immediately op- posite Strasburg, and 10 miles N. W. of Offenburg. Kehl was formerly a for- tress. It was ceded by France to Baden in 1697, taken by the French in 1703, 1733, 1793, and 1796; by the Austrians, also, in the latter, and again taken by the French in the year following. After the peace its fortifications were dis- mantled. Pop. about 5,000. KEIGHLEY (keth'li), a market and manufacturing town in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, on the Aire, 9 miles N. W. of Bradford and 17 W. N. W. of Leeds. Manufactures worsted and woolen goods, worsted spinning machin- ery, and sewing and washing machines. Pop. (1917) 40,575. KEI (ka) RIVER, GREAT, a river of South Africa, which in 1848 was made the boundary between Cape Town and KaflFraria. KEISKAMA (kis-ka'ma), a river in South Africa, formerly the boundary be- tween Cape Colony and British Kaf- fraria. KEITH, JAMES, known as MARSHAL Keith, a Russian and Prussian military officer; born near Peterhead, Scotland, June 11, 1696. He studied law at Aber- deen and Edinburgh; in 1715 engaged with his brother in the Jacobite rising, and in 1719 in Alberoni's expedition to the West Highlands, which ended in the "battle" of Glenshiel, Ross-shire. Both times the brothers escaped to the Conti- nent;^ and James held for nine years a Spanish colonelcy and took part in the siege of Gibraltar (1726-1727). But his creed, the Episcopal, was against him; and in 1728 he entered the Russian service as a major-general. He distin- guished himself in the wars with Turkey and Sweden, particularly at the siege of Otchakoff (1737) and the reduction of the Aland Islands (1743).^ In 1747, find- ing the Russian service disagreeable, he exchanged it for that of Prussia. Fred- erick the Great made him a Field Mar- shal. He displayed his great ability when the Seven Years War (1756) broke out. He shared Frederick's doubtful for- tunes before Prague, was present at the victories of Lobositz and Rossbach, and conducted the masterly retreat from 01- miitz. He was killed at the battle of Hochkirch. Oct. 14, 1758. KELANTAN, an eastern native state of Malay Peninsula, ruled by a native Sultan. The land is well cultivated and produces tapioca, rice, copra and resin. There is also considerable wealth of rub- ber. The mineral wealth of the state is largely in British hands. The manu- factures include silk, bricks, and some shipbuilding. Capital, Kota Bharu. Pop. about 300,000. KELAT, KHELAT, or KALAT (ke- lat) , the capital of Baluchistan, at an elevation of more than 7,000 feet; it is a place of great military importance. It was occupied by England (1839-1841); and in 1877 a treaty was concluded with the khan by which a British agent, with military escort, became resident at the court of Kelat. In 1888 Kelat was formally incorporated with the Indian empire as a British possession. Pop. about 25,000. KELAT-I-GHILZAI, a fortress of Af- ghanistan, 75 miles N. E. of Kandahar. KELLAWAYS ROCK, the name given to highly fossiliferous beds of sand and calcareous sandstones which occur near the base of the Oxford clay. KELLER, GOTTFRIED, a German poet and novelist; born in Zurich, July 19, 1819. Original in execution, he was a keen observer, genuinely artistic, and with a strong sense of humor. In his best vein he goes straight to the heart. His works include "Complete Poems" (3d ed. 1888). Of his novels, "Seldwyla Folk" (1856) is one of the best. ("Works," 11 vols., 1889-1893.) He died in Zurich, July 16, 1890. KELLER, HELEN ADAMS, an Amer- ican writer and lecturer; born in 1880 in Tuscumbia, Ala. She was deaf, dumb and blind from her infancy. No serious attempt was made to educate her until she was eight years of age. Her training was then undertaken by Miss Anne M. Sullivan, who devoted many years to developing the power to read and to speak. Her success was remarkable. After a course of instruction at the Horace Mann School in New York, she was able to speak intelligently. She entered Radcliffe College m 1900 and graduated in 1904. She became widely known as a lecturer and writer, both on her own experiences and on social sub- jects. Her writings include "Optimism" (1903) ; "The World I Live In" (1908) ; "Out of the Dark" (1913). She also ■wrote an autobiography entitled "Story of my Life." KELLERMANN, FRAN9OIS CHRIS- iTOPHE, a marshal of France; born in
