HOFMANN Landscape painter, pupil of Diisseldorf Academy and of Weimar Art School under j Theodor Hugen ; visited the Baltic coast, Westplialia, Hanover, and Thuriugia, and settled in Diisseldorf. Works: Giant's Grave, Bv a Woodland Cemetery (1877); Solitude, After Storm-Tide (1878); Twilight, Enchanted Castle (1879); Ancient German Oil'ci ing Grove, At the Forest-Border (1880). Mailer, 2(53. HOFMANN, HEINRICH, born in D.irm- stadt, March 11), 1824. History and por- trait painter, pupil of Uiisseldorf Academy under Theodor Hildebrandt and Schadow, then of Antwerp Academy (1845); visited Holland and Paris, and returned to his native city, where he painted portraits ; was in Munich in 1847, in Darmstadt and Frank- fort in 1848- 51, and in Dresden in 1851-53. Went in 1854 to Italy, where he spent four years, mostly at Home, and was much in- fluenced by Cornelius. .Removed to Dres- den in 18(!2, became honorary member of the Academv in 18(i8, and professor in 1870. Works : Scene from History of Longobards (1844), Wurtcniberg Art Union ; Entomb- ment (184(5), Rhenish Art Union ; Scene from llomeo and Juliet (1S47), Cologne Art Union; King En/.io in Prison (1851), Frei- burg Gallery ; Taking of Christ (1858), Darmstadt Museum ; Othello and Desdc- mona ; Shylock and Jessica ; St. Cecilia ; Venus and Cupid ; Christ and the Adulter- ess, Christ in the Temple, Dresden Gallery ; Christ's Sermon on the Lake, National Gal- lery, Berlin ; Apotheosis of Ancient Heroes, Court Theatre, Dresden ; Betrothal of Al- brecht the Brave with Princess Sidonie (fresco), Albrechtsburg, Meissen ; Dornr.">- schen, Leda. Brockhaus, ix. 305 ; Miiller, 2(53. HOFMANN, RUDOLF, born in Darm- stadt in 1820, died there in 1882. Genre and history painter, pupil in Darmstadt of Lucas, then of Diisseldorf and Munich Acad- emies ; studied for three years in Rome, and became professor in Darmstadt and inspec- tor of the Museum there. Works : Scene from Peasants' War, Darmstadt Museum ; twenty-three scenes from History of the House of Ysenburg-Biidingen (1852). Fres- cos : Minstrels' War, Scenes from Niebelun- geu Lied, Parsifal, Tristan and Isolde, all at Wartburg near Eisenach. Miiller, 2(54. HOFMANN, SAMUEL, born in Zurich in 1592, died in Frankfort in 1(548. Portrait painter, pupil in Zurich of Gotthard Ringli, then in Antwerp of Rubens ; worked at Am- sterdam, Ziirich, and Frankfort after 1G38. Works : Equestrian Portrait of Peter Ki'mig (1(531), Freiburg Museum ; Duke Bernhard of Weimar (1G3!)), Entry of Gustavua Adolphus into Frankfort, Birth of Erich- thonius, Female Portrait, Stiidel Gallery, Frankfort ; The Zinsgroschen, Still Life, Portraits, Ziirich City Library and Art Union ; Portrait of a Lady, Stiidel Gallery, Frankfort. Allgein. d. Biogr., xii. (537; Fiiessli, i. 155. HOFMANN-ZEITZ, LUDWIG, born in Zeitz, Nov. 11, 1832. Genre painter, pupil in Munich of Schwind. Works : Blue Flow- eret ; Ruined and Dead ; Francesca da Rim- ini and Paolo ; Surprise. Miiller, 2(54. HOGARTH, SCOTTISH. See Allan, David. HOGARTH, WILLIAM, born in London, Dec. 10, 1097, died . 'V'^>-t4. tlierc ' Oct ' 26 > 17(U - Y/ Sf | Son of Richard Ho- j -** garth, schoolmaster ; apprenticed to Ellis Gamble, silversmith, to learn to engrave arms and cyphers on plate ; when his time had expired (1718), became a student in St. Martin's Lane Academy, where he learned to draw. About 1720 he set up in business as a silversmith, and began to en- grave book-plates, the first of his prints to attract notice being a series of illustrations for Butler's Hudibras (172(5). In 1730 he clandestinely married the daughter of Sir James Thornhill, serjeant-painter to the 208
