SVOBODA Family Festival (1862) ; Disagreeable Visit (1867); Distribution of Prizes (1872). Wurzbach, xli. 61. SVOBODA, KARL, born at Planic, Bo- hemia, in 1823, died in Vienna, Sept. 12, 1870. History painter, pupil of Prague Academy under Euben ; visited Croatia and Slavonia to study the life of the southern Slavs, and settled in Vienna in 1851. Works : Henry IV. at Canossa (1845) ; Wenceslaus H, Coronation of Albrecht II., Joseph II. in Prague, Death of King Wenceslaus the Saint, Belvedere, Prague ; Foundation of Prague University (1855); Retreat of Charles V. (1859), Vienna Museum ; Conquered Mil- anese before Barbarossa (1863) ; Cycle (10) from Iphigenia in Tauris (1869), Loggia, Opera House, Vienna. Wurzbach, xli. 67. SWANENBURGH, JACOB ISAAKSZ, born in Leydeu, died in Utrecht in 1639. Dutch school ; history painter, studied in Rome and lived in Naples ; notable as the first teacher of Rembrandt. Work : Pro- cession in St. Peter's Square (1C28), Copen- hagen Gallery. Kramm, v. 1592 ; Vosmaer, Rembrandt, ses precurseurs, 50 ; do., Rem- brandt, sa vie, etc., 379. SWANEVELT, HERMAN, born at Woer- den, near Utrecht, about 1600, died in Paris (?) in 1655. Dutch school ; landscape paint- er, went early to Paris and thence to Rome, where he studied under Claude Lorrain. In 1653 made member of the Royal Acad- emy ; in 1654, with Patel, decorated a room in the Hotel Lambert at Paris. Works : Three Landscapes, Hampton Court ; do., Madrid Museum ; Wooded Landscape, Sun- set, three others, Louvre ; Italian Landscape (1650), Hague Museum ; do., and Wooded Landscape with St. Anthony (1653), Stiidel Gallery, Frankfort ; three do., Brunswick Gallery ; Joseph relating his Dream, Basle Museum ; others in Munich, Dresden, Ham- burg, and Copenhagen Galleries. Kramm, v. 1593 ; Kugler (Crowe), ii. 490 ; Ch. Blanc, 35cole hollandaise ; Riegel, Beitriige, ii. 360. SWART, JAN, born at Groningen in 1469, died at Gouda in 1535. Dutch school; history and landscape painter ; formed himself after Scorel, and in Italy, where he lived, espe- cially at Venice. Works: Adoration of the Magi (at- tributed), Munich Gallery ; do., Cologne Museum ; do., Brussels Museum. Kramm, v. 1594 ; Zeit- schr. f. b. K, ii. 43. SWEBACH, BERNARD EDOUARD, born in Paris, Aug. 21, 1800, died at Ver- sailles, March 2, 1870. History and genre painter, son and pupil of Jacques Franois Joseph Swebach, and student of the cole des Beaux Arts. Accompanied his father to Russia. Works : Hunting Scene, Cher- bourg Museum ; Capture of a Spy by Hus- sars, Besan9on Museum ; Horse Market at Moscow, Winter Travel in Russia (1822) ; Summer Travel in Russia (1823) ; Retreat from Russia (1838). Bellier, ii. 537. SWEBACH, JACQUES FRANQOIS JOSEPH, called Fontaine, born at Metz, March 19, 1769, died in Paris, Dec. 10, 1823. History and genre painter, pupil of J. Silfrede-Duplessis. Usually painted bat- tle scenes and landscapes with figures. In 1810 he was appointed chief painter at Sevres ; in 1815-20 held same position in porcelain manufactory in St. Petersburg. Crowned at the Exhibition of the Place Dauphine in 1784 ; 2d prize in 1791 ; grand medal, 1801, 1810. Works : Battle of Ma- rengo, Battle of Zurich (1802) ; Napoleon 248
