288 PHILIPPUS. one of the Roman nobles, who ornamented the city with public buildings at the request of the emperor. He built the temple of Hercules and the Muses, which had been first erected by M. Fulvius No- bilior, consul B.C. 189, and he surrounded it with a colonnade, which is frequently mentioned under the name of Porticiis Philippi. (Suet. Octav. 29 ; clari monimenta Philippi, Ov. Fast vi. 801 ; Mart. V. 49. 9 ; Plin. IL N. xxxv. 10 ; Becker, R'omisch. Altei-thum. vol. i. p. 613.) Philippus left two children, a son [No. 7], and a daughter, Marcia, who was the second wife of Cato Uticensis. [Marcia, No. 4.] 7. L. Marcius L. f. L. n. Philippus, the son of the preceding, was tribune of the plebs, B. c. 49, when he put his veto upon one of the appoint- ments which the senate wished to make (Caes. B. C. i. 6). He was praetor in B. c. 44, and is in that year called by Cicero, vir patre, avo, viajoribus suis dignissimus. (Cic. Phil. iii. 10.) 8. Q. (Marcius) Phimppus, proconsul in Asia, in B. c. 54, to whom Cicero sends two recom- mendatory letters {ad Fam. xiii. 73, 74). The connection of this Philippus with the other members of the family is not known. One of the coins belonging to the Philippi has been given above. The following one, which was also struck by some member of the family, refers to the two greatest distinctions of the Marcia gens. The obverse represents the head of Ancus Marcius, the fourth king of Rome, from whom the gens claimed descent [Marcia Gens] ; the reverse gives a representation of an aqueduct, with the letters AQVA ]VR (i. e. Aqua Marcia) between the arches, supporting an equestrian statue. This Aqua Marcia was one of the most important of the Roman aqueducts, and was built by the praetor Q. Marcius Rex in B. c. 145. PHILIPPUS («l>iAtir7ros), king of Syria, Avas a son of Antiochus VIII., and twin-brother of Antiochus XI. After the defeat and death of their elder brother Seleucus VI., Philip and Antio- chus united their arms against Antiochus X., who then occupied the throne of Syria ; but they were defeated in a decisive battle, in which Antiochus XL perished. Philip nevertheless assumed the royal title, and was able to maintain himself in the possession of a part of Syria. The fourth brother, Demetrius III., was now set up as king at Damascus by Ptolemy Lathurus, and made common cause with Philip against Antiochus X. The fate of the latter is uncertain, but it is clear that Philip and Demetrius succeeded in making themselves masters of the whole of Syria, which they appear to have divided between them. Their concord, however, did not last long ; Demetrius was the first to turn his arms against Philip, but the latter was supported not only by Straton tyrant of Beraea, but by a large Parthian army under a general named Mithridates, who blockaded Deme- trius in his camp, and ultimately took him prisoner. After this Philippus made himself master of An- PHILIPPUS. tioch, and became for a short time sole ruler of Syria, probably in the year b. c. 88. But the civil war was soon renewed by his remaining brother Antiochus XIL, who made himself master of Damascus and Coele-Syria, of which Philip was unable to dispossess him. (Joseph. Ant. xiii. 13. § 4, 14. § 3, 15. § 1 ; Euseb. Arm. p. 169.) The subsequent fortunes of the latter are wholly unknown, but it seems certain that he was de- throned, and probably also put to death by Tigra- nes, king of Armenia, when that monarch established himself on the throne of Syria, B. c. 83. (Trog. Pomp. Prol. xl. ; Euseb. Arm. p. 170 ; Eckhel, vol. iii. p. 244; Froelich. Ann. Syr. p. 114; Clinton, F. H. vol. iii. p. 339. [E. H. B.] COIN OF philippus, KING OF SYRIA. PHILIPPUS (^IXiTTTTos), literary and eccle- siastical. 1. Abucara or Abuvara, one of the Greek scholiasts on the Enchiridion of the Greek grammarian, Hephaestion of Alexandria [He- PHAESTiON, No. 1 ], or perhaps the compiler of the Scholia, usually published in the various editions of Hephaestion. The Scholia are ascribed to our Philip in a MS. in the King's Library at Paris. (Catal. MStorum Biblioth. Regiae, No. mmdclxxiv. No. 1. vol. ii. p. 539, fol. Paris, 1740 ; Fabric. Bill. Grace, vol. xi. p. 709 ; Vossius, De Hist. Grace, lib. iii.) 2. Of Amphipolis, a Greek writer of unknown date, remarkable for his obscenitj% of which Suidas (s. V. arroffip-waai) has given a sufficiently significant specimen. He wrote, according to Suidas {s.v. Hhiinros) : — 1. 'PoSta/cci fii€ia i6 Rhodiaca Libris XIX., a history of Rhodes, which Suidas especially stigmatizes for the obscenity of its matter. 2. Koa- va. (s. KwiaKa), fiiSXia )8', Coiaca Libris duobus, a history of the island of Cos. 3. QvcnaKd, De Sa- erifjciis, or more probably ©aaiaica., Tkisiuca, a history of Thasos, also in two books. He wrote some other works not enumerated by Suidas. Theo- dorus Priscianus, an ancient medical writer {Logi- cus, c. 11), classes Philip of Amphipolis with He- rodian and lamblichus the Syrian [Iamblichus, No. 1], as a pleasant writer of amatory tales, whose works tended to allure the mind to the pur- suit of pleasure. All his works appear to be lost. (Suidas II. CO. ; Theodor. Priscian. I. c. ; Fabric. Bibl. Grace, vol. viii. pp. 159, 160 ; Vossius, De Hist. Grace, lib. iii.) 3. Apostolus. [No. 11.] 4. Caesariensis Synodi Relator. The ac« count of the council of Caesareia, held A. D. 196, which (if indeed it be genuine) was written by, Theophilus of Caesareia, who lived about that time [Theophilus], was published by the Jesuit Bucherius, in his notes to the Canon Paschalis of Victorius of Aquitania, fol. Antwerp, 1 634, as the work of one Philippus ; the editor being ap- i
