of its attacks on the administrations of Washington and John Adams. It was probably at some time during his residence here that he wrote a work entitled ‘The Prospect before us.’ When Jefferson succeeded to power, Callender, who had obtained money from him on several occasions, wished to be appointed postmaster at Richmond. Jefferson would not consent to this, and Callender, taking ‘mortal offence,’ passed over from the republicans to the federalists, and bitterly attacked his former allies. Jefferson, who was very indignant at this, says his ‘base ingratitude presents human nature in a hideous form,’ and animadverts strongly on the scurrility of his writings. Callender was drowned while bathing in the James river at Richmond on 7 July 1803. The ‘Gentleman's Magazine’ says that he ‘drowned himself.’
[Advertisement prefixed to Political Progress; Drake's Dictionary of American Biography (Boston, 1872); Jefferson's Correspondence, iv. 444–449 (New York, 1854); Gent. Mag. September 1803, p. 882.]
CALLIS, ROBERT (fl. 1634), serjeant-at-law, was born in Lincolnshire, and after being called to the bar at Gray's Inn was appointed a commissioner of sewers in his native county. He was made a serjeant-at-law on 12 April 1627. His works are: 1. ‘The Case and Argument against Sir Ignoramus of Cambridg.,’ London, 1648, 4to. The lawyers were greatly annoyed by the Latin comedy of ‘Ignoramus,’ performed before James I at Cambridge, 1615, and in this ‘reading,’ delivered at Staple Inn in Lent, 1616, Callis states a supposititious law case, in order to determine in which of six persons the right exists of presentation to a church, and in the argument he introduces Sir Ignoramus, a clerk, presented to it by the university of Cambridge, who is described as being ‘egregiè illiteratus.’ 2. ‘Reading upon the Statute, 23 H. VIII, cap. 5, of Sewers,’ London, 1647, 4to; 2nd edit. enlarged, 1685, 4to; 4th edit. 1810, 8vo; 5th edit., with additions and corrections by William John Broderip, London, 1824, 8vo.
[Dugdale's Origines Juridicæ, pp. 296, 334, App. 109; Croke's Reports, temp. Car. I, 71; Notes and Queries, 3rd ser., v. 134, 204; Clarke's Bibl. Legum, 20, 323, 403; Lowndes's Bibl. Man. (Bohn), 349; Watt's Bibl. Brit.; Calendar of State Papers (Dom.), Charles I (1633–4), 409; Dugdale's Hist. of Imbanking and Draining (1772), 417; Nichols's Progresses of James I, iii. 90.]
CALLOW, JOHN (1822–1878), artist, was born in London on 19 July 1822. He was a pupil of his elder brother William, the well-known painter in water colours, who took him with him to Paris in 1835, where he remained studying art for several years. In 1844 he returned to England to exercise his profession as a landscape painter in water colours, and a few years later was elected a member of the New Water-Colour Society. From this society he afterwards retired to be elected into the older Society of Painters in Water Colours. In July 1855 he was appointed professor of drawing in the Royal Military Academy at Addiscombe. After holding this appointment for six years, he gave it up, and got in its place the post of sub-professor of drawing at Woolwich. Some years later he retired from his professorship, receiving a sum of money as compensation in lieu of a retiring allowance. From the date of his retirement he was constantly occupied in painting for the exhibitions, and in teaching. As a teacher he was in great request, and taught in several schools, besides having many private pupils. He married in 1864, and died of consumption at Lewisham on 25 April 1878, leaving a widow and one son. Callow's style of painting was formed on that of his master and elder brother, William, though he devoted himself to a different range of subjects. He excelled in sea-pieces more than in landscapes. The compulsory devotion of his time chiefly to teaching impeded the development of his own powers, so that his later productions never fulfilled the promise of some of his earlier works. He painted diligently, however, and exhibited at the yearly exhibition of the Old Water-Colour Society. His style of teaching was excellent, at once simple, lucid, and logical, and he always maintained the superiority of transparent over body colour. He left a great number of studies prepared for the use of his pupils, which were sold by auction after his death. Several of these have since been printed in colours as a series of progressive lessons in the art of water-colour painting.
[Information from Mr. William Callow.]
CALTHORPE, Sir HENRY (1586–1637), lawyer, third son of Sir James Calthorpe of Cockthorpe, Norfolk, knight, by Barbara, daughter of Mr. John Bacon of Hesset, Suffolk, was one of a family of eight sons and six daughters, and was born at Cockthorpe in 1586. He entered at the Middle Temple, and seems early to have enjoyed a large and lucrative practice. By the death of his father in 1615 he inherited considerable estates in his native county, but he continued sedulously to devote himself to his profession, and shortly after the
