the caves south of the Alps and the Pyrenees and north of a line passing east and west from Derbyshire through Belgium. Thus we see that their range is limited as compared with that of the men of the river-drift, and it coincides with the middle zone represented in Fig. 24, in which the remains of northern and southern animals occur. Men inhabited caves outside these limits in the Pleistocene age, such as those of Palermo, in which Dr. Falconer[1] discovered flint flakes in association with the pigmy hippopotamus (H. Pentlandi), but they did not use the implements characteristic of the Cave-men as described in this chapter.
From this distribution of the implements it is evident that the Cave-man belongs neither to the southern group of the Pleistocene animals (see Fig. 24), nor to the temperate which found its way over the mountain barriers into Spain, Italy, and Greece. On the other hand, the River-drift man must be considered as a member either of the temperate or southern fauna of Europe, because his remains are met with in the regions of the Mediterranean, north of those mountain barriers. This difference in the range is an important link in the chain of evidence, by which it will be shown that the men of the River-drift differed in race from those of the caves. Before this can be examined we must give an outline of the civilisation of the Cave-men.
The Civilisation of the Cave-Men.—Dwellings.
The numerous remains in caverns in the area defined in the preceding paragraphs, and the comparison of the implements with those of lowly civilised tribes now
- ↑ Grotta di Maccagnone, Falconer, Pal. Mem. ii. 546.
