as radical. It is explained thus: "In the evening it is dark and one cannot see, so that it is necessary for a man to call out his name." The word ming (see title) is now mostly used of a man's personal name, which is taboo except to parents and to the sovereign. Tou's five sons all rose to high office.
Chü is composed of 人 jen man as radical, with 具 chü (line 84) as phonetic.
Yang is composed of 手 shou hand as radical, with a common phonetic which must be distinguished from 昜 i (line 126). [Zottoli and Eitel are both wrong in making ming refer to the sons.]
| 17. | 養 | 不 | 教 | To feed without teaching | |
| Yang3 | pu1 | chiao4 | |||
| Feed | not | teach |
Yang is composed of 羊 yang sheep as phonetic and 食 shih eat as radical, and means to bear children, to feed. Read yang4, it means to minister to, to attend upon, especially one's parents.
Pu see line 5.
Chiao see line 5.
| 18. | 父 | 之 | 過 | is the father's fault. | |
| Fu4 | chih1 | kuo4 | |||
| father | arrive | transgress |
Fu was originally an ideogram, being composed of 又 yu again, which anciently meant a hand with three fingers stretched out and was the original form of the more modern 右 yu right hand, and a ferule. A common name for a father is 家嚴 chia yen (lines 19, 192) the family severe one, while a mother is called 家慈 chia tz'ŭ the family gentle one. In the mouth of the child fu becomes 爹 tieh daddy (line 9). Fu sometimes = male (line 210).
