yün-fu (see under Ts'ao Yin). The books were all returned to their respective owners, but before this was done the Emperor wrote personally one or two eulogistic poems about the best editions submitted. As a further compliment to Pao's discrimination as a collector the Emperor named one of his own studios "Chih-pu-tsu chai".
Meanwhile Pao began to edit and print the rarest editions and manuscripts in his possession under the collective title, Chih-pu-tsu chai ts'ung-shu (叢書). The first series of this collectanea appeared in 1776, the first volume containing a commendatory poem written by Emperor Kao-tsung in 1774. As Pao advanced in years he printed series after series of this collection noted for its well-chosen titles, for its carefully collated texts, and for its fine printing. In 1813 Emperor Jên-tsung made inquiry as to how many series Pao had printed, and in response was given the twenty-sixth series, then just off the press. So pleased was the Emperor that he conferred upon Pao, then eighty-six (sui), the degree of chü-jên. Pao died the following year, after the twenty-seventh and twenty-eighth series of his collectanea were printed. His elder son, Pao Shih-kung, continued to print two more series, bringing the total up to thirty. The last series was printed in 1823. Later, a continuation entitled Hsü (續) Chih-pu-tsu chai ts'ung-shu, was compiled and printed by Kao Ch'êng-hsün 高承勳 (T. 松三), and in the last two decades of the nineteenth century, a Hou Chih-pu-tsu chai ts'ung-shu was compiled and printed at Hangchow by Pao T'ing-chüeh 鮑廷爵 (T. 叔衡).
Pao T'ing-po's second son died young, leaving two sons who were registered as natives of Hangchow and who shared in the local literary movements of their generation. During the Taiping Rebellion (see under Hung Hsiu-ch'üan) many collections of books in South China were destroyed or dispersed, but the Pao family, living in the rural district of T'ung-hsiang, managed to preserve the books given to them by Emperor Kao-tsung, and in 1880 presented them for safekeeping to the recently restored library, Wên Lan Ko, at Hangchow (see under Ting Ping).
Pao T'ing-po is said to have written a number of works, some of which were destroyed by fire. Two collections of his poems are recorded: one, entitled 花韻軒小稿 Hua-yüan hsüan hsiao-kao, 2 chüan; the other, entitled Hua-yün hsüan yung-wu shih (詠物詩),1 chüan. Only a manuscript copy of the latter is known to exist. Pao wrote a poem of 30 stanzas on the setting sun, entitled 夕陽 Hsi-yang, and in reference to this was called Pao Hsi-yang.
[2/72/31b; 3/441/32; 嘉興府志 Chia-hsing fu chih (1878) map 1/2a, shih-chên 4/46a, liu-yü 61/86b; T'ung-hsiang hsien-chih (1882) 15 yü-hsien 12a; Ts'ang-shu chi-shih shih (see under P'an Tsu-yin) ed. of 1897, 5/31a; Pan-li Ssŭ-k'u ch'üan-shu tang-an (see bibl. under Chi Yün); Nanking Kuo-haüeh Library Catalogue, 36/16b; Wu-lin ts'ang-shu lu (see under Ting Ping); Swann, Nancy Lee, "Seven Intimate Library Owners", Harvard Jour. Asiatic Studies, vol. 1 (1936) p. 363–390.]
P'ÊNG-ch'un. See under Pengcun.
P'ÊNG P'êng 彭鵬 (T. 奮斯, H. 九峯, 無山), 1637–1704, official, was a native of P'u-t'ien, Fukien. His childhood was made miserable by the turmoil in his native province incident to the fall of the Ming dynasty. He became a chü-jên in 1660 but failed to obtain a chin-shih degree. When Kêng Ching-chung [q. v.] revolted in Fukien (1674) he summoned P'êng to serve him, but the latter feigned illness for more than two years to avoid being involved. After the rebellion subsided, P'êng resumed his official career and was appointed (1684) magistrate of San-ho, Chihli—a difficult post, owing to the fact that in that district dwelt many Bannermen who were both influential and lawless. P'êng soon established a reputation for justice and for defending the rights of the poor against the rich and the powerful. When Emperor Shêng-tsu was traveling through San-ho in 1688 he granted P'êng P'êng an audience and learned of his loyalty at the time of the above-mentioned rebellion and of his incorruptibility as a magistrate. The Emperor ordered that three hundred taels silver be awarded P'êng from the imperial purse, remarking at the same time that a gift from himself, though small, was more to be coveted than large amounts of money illegally obtained from the people. Hence P'êng, although many times degraded, and twice recommended for impeachment, nevertheless retained his post for six years. In 1690 he was cited, along with Lu Lung-chi [q. v.] and other magistrates, as an incorruptible official and in the following year was awarded the position of a metropolitan censor.
In 1694 he memorialized the throne on alleged unfairness in the Shun-t'ien provincial examina-
613
