COMMON CHAS3ES.} Tremaine of Colacombe : gules, three dexter arms conjoined at the shoulder, flexed in triangle, or, fisted argent. Maynard : argent, three sinister hands couped at the wrist gules. Foljambe of Walton bears a man s leg for a crest. The Isle of Man : gules, three legs armed in mail proper, garnished and spurred or, conjoined at the thUlis and flexed in triangle, a bearing certainly in use as early as the reign of Edward I., and possibly earlier (fig. 116). npl many such. Newton : sable, two shin bones saltire-wise, the sinister surmounted by the dexter, argent. Douglas : argent, a man s heart gules, ensigned by a royal crown proper, on a chief azure two stars of the flrst. The " quinquc vulnera" or five wounds of the crucifixion are a common ecclesiastical bearing on architectural shields, and several bishoprics bear figures of saints on their shields, but these are scarcely within the limits of proper heraldry. Thus the arms of the see of Chichester arc Azure, Prcblyti. 1 John mitred, seated on a tombstone, in his sinister hand a mound, his dexter extended, all or. In his mouth a sword fesswise argent, hilted and pomelled or, the point to the sinister. MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS. Helmet. The helmet completed the knight s equipment. He wore "1 ecu au cou, son hcaulme sur la tete, et son glaive au poing," or, "His helm of latoun bright, His saddel was of revell bone, His bridle as the sun shone, His spere was of fine cypress." Halliday of Ilungcrf ord : sable, three helmets argent, garnished or, with a border engrailed of the second. The motto referring to the omitted fourth helmet is exceedingly happy, " Quarta salutis." Morion, or steel cap. Brudenel of Dene: argent, a chevron between three morions sable. Gauntlet. Gunter of Tregunter: sable, three dexter gauntlets or. The Sword is much used in heraldry ; it was the oldest weapon and that most thought of. The soldier in all time was the man of the sword. Damascus, Cologne, Bilbao were in turn famous for the manufacture, as was among smiths Andrea di Ferrara. The swords of great soldiers have been celebrated : Bhowance as the sword of Sivajee, Excalibar of Arthur, Taillefer of Cceur de Lion " Schwafurlama s magic blade Was by dwarfs at midnight made/ There was also the weapon by which Roland, with "huge two- handed sway," cleft the pass of Roncesvalles, " And to the enormous labour left his name." The sword of Talbot bore "Sum Talboti pro vincere inimicos suos," "Bad Latin," says Fuller, "on it, but good steel in it." King John gave his own sword to the town of Lynn Regis with the inscription, " Ensis hie donum fuitregis Joannis, a-suo ipsiuslatere datum." The sword of heraldry is two-handed. Kilpec of Kilpec: argent, a sword bendwise sable. The Axe was reckoned a manly weapon " King Richard, as I understand, Yet he went out of Knglonde, Let make an axe for the nones, Therwith to crush the Saracens bones. Thereon were twenty pound of stcele. The Danish battle-axe was famous. Walter de Plumpton held Plumpton by the tenure of a Danish axe that hung up in his hall there. Hackluyt : gules, three Danish axes or. Lance. The arms granted to Shakespeare s father were, or, on a bend sable a lance of the field. Spear Head. This is a common bearing among the Welsh of Glamorgan and Brecknock, and used by Jones of Fonmon : sable, a chevron between three spear heads argent, points embrued gules. It is quartered by Lewis of Greenmeadow, a cadet of Vau, and by others. The Arblast, or cross-bow, was a most unpopular weapon, as requiring no strength or manliness for its use. Richard I. is gene rally said to have met his death from a cross-bow ; but the earls of Aberdeen, who claimed to represent Bertrand de Gourdon, bear as their crest two arms drawing a long bow. The cross-bow was forbidden by Innocent II. and the emperor Conrad at a council in 1139. Guillaume de Dole, who wrote before 1200, says of this weapon " Par effort de lance et d escn, Conqueront toy ses ennemies. Ja arbalel rices mi f u mis, For sa guerre li autoritez." Nevertheless as early as 1270 the master of the cross-bows was a great officer of the French crown. ArbUster : ermine, a cross-bow in pals gules. The Sow, though formed of Spanish yew, was essentially an English weapon. It occurs in heraldry, though scarcely so frequently 703 as might have been expected, and chiefly in allusion to a name. The belt or baldrick, sheaf of arrows, buckler, and sword com pleted the equipment of an archer " Their baudricks set with studs, athwart their shoulders cast, To which, under their arms, their sheaves were buckled fast; A short sword at their belt, a buckler scarce a span, Who struck below the knee, not counted then a man. All made of Spanish yew, their bows were wondrous strong ; They not an arrow drew, but was a clothyard long. Of archery they had the very perfect craft." The bow was used by the English in the attack on the isle of Rhe in 1627. Bowes of Streatlam: ermine, three bows palewisc strung gules (fig. 117). The Arrow. Drayton describes " Their arrows finely paired for timber and for feather, With birch and Brazil pierced, to fly in any weather; And shot they with the round, the square, or forked pile, The loose gave such a twang as might be heard a mile." The burgesses of Sheffield seal with a sheaf of arrows. Birdbolt, or bozon. William de Gresley held a manor " per unum arcum . . . et unam bozonem." Bozon of Barrowby : argent, three birdbolts gules, feathered or. The Pheon, or broad arrow. Sydney of Penshurst: or, a pheon azure (fig. llfl). Floyer of Floyer s-Hayes : sable, a chevron between three broad arrows argent. In heraldry arrows are usually drawn as clothyard shafts. The pheon is always drawn with the head only. Besides these, and also more or less connected with war and the chase, are the buckle, barnacle, calthrop, castle, fireball, hammer, horse-shoe, hunting horn, maul, pick, spur, stirrup, and some hundreds of miscellaneous objects, travelling so far out of the legiti mate charges of heraldry as to include apples and acorns, beehives, and a turnstyle. A very few of the most ancient have been selected. Walter Agard held Tutbury under Henry III. by a white hunter s horn, and bore for arms, argent, three hunters horns sable. The Chain borne by the kings of Navarre, the puzzle and delight of French heralds, "gules, a trellis of chains or, in cross and sal tire," also blazoned "gules, a carbuncle closed and pomelled or," or by the Spanish heralds " cadenas d oro atronesados en campo de sangre. " The Annulet, said to be a link of mail. Musgrave of Edenhall, derived from Vipont: azure, six annulets or, 3,2 : 1. Lowther also derived his arms, or, six annulets sable, 3,2,1, from the same source. Calthrop a four-spiked implement, so arranged that when thrown on the ground one spike always stood upright. Calthrops were used to keep off cavalry. Bruce used them at Bannockburn, and among the stores at Dover castle, 16 Edward III., was a barrel containing 2900 calketrappes. Froissart says the English on one occasion supplied their place by sticking their spurs into the ground. Horseman : or, three calthrops gules (fig. 120). Fig. 121. Fig. 122. Fig. 11!). Fig. 120. Castle. Hill: ermine, on a fess sable a castle triple towered argent. Comb& singular bearing of high antiquity borne by Ponsonbv of Ponsonby and Tunstall of Thirland. Cups. Argentine : argent, three cups gules. Cushions, oreilliers. Earls of Moray : argent, three pillows gules. Maheu de Redman, in the roll of Henry III.: de goules, ., ( ois horeilers d or Possibly these are birds. Tiara. The Dukes d Urbino bore a papal tiara. Crowns (mural, naval, and others) and mitres are not uncom mon in arms. The Berkeley crest is a mitre. The crancelin or crown of rue was used in 1150 by Saxony. Bernhard of Anhalt bore barry of eight or and sable, a crancelin vert. Mullet. This is usually called a spur rowel, but it was in use long before the rowelled spur. Besides being employed as a differ ence, it is a constituent of numberless coats of arms. Assheton of Downham : argent, a mullet pierced sable. But it is generally borne in numbers (see fig. 15). The Lymphad or galley. The bearing of the Lords of the Isles, quartered by the dukes of Argyll for Lome, is argent, a lymphad, sails furled and oars in action, all sable, flags flying gules (fig. 121). The Maunch, or lady s sleeve " A lady s sleeve high-spirited Hastings bore." The earls of Pembroke bore or, a maunch gules ; those of Hunting don bear argent, a maunch sable. It was borne also by Flamville,
Wharton, Maunsel, Conyers, and many others. Bayard took a lady s