counts and invested them with princely priril , In re turn {or the. help they gore him inl expedition ug the pir tn oidlgiers r . .,he conicrroll on then. the right oi issuing a gold and er vcr coinage oi tllcirou'n; and the right was repeatedly exercised. 'l‘hcir princely rauh did not prevent them irom continuing their mercantile career, and when Antonius died ill 1560 he left six million gold crowns, besides a vast amount of property at various kinds in Europe, Asia, and America. lie and his brother llaimuml (who died ill 1535) were the founders oi tungrout lint-s which are still continued. The privileges conicrrel on the family by Charles V were confirmed null incrcmscd hy Ferdinand 11.; and since that time, although no member either of the llailnund or the Antonius line has risen to the highest distinction in any department, many oi them here ilone honourable scrrlce to the suite, nnrl have been lulunus ier their lrberolity. The lortuncs oi the homily are alien cited in evidence oi the prosperity or Gerinnny beiore the country was nearly ruined by the Thirty Yeors’ War: In 1593 a collection 01 portraits of the chici representatives of the ruggrr rocc, engraved by D. Custos oi Antu-erp, was issued at Augsburg Editions with 127 portraits appeared at Augshnrg in ms and 1620, the iorruer accompanied by ngenealogy in Latin, the latter by one in German dn edition which was published at Ulnl in 1754 includes 139
portraits.FUH-CHOW, more usually Foo-Chow, and in German Fu-tschau, a city of China, capital of the province of Fuh-keen, and one of the principal ports open to foreign commerce. In the local dialect it is called Hokchin. It is situated on the river Min, about 35 miles from the sea, in 26° 5′ N. lat. and 119° 20′ E. long. 140 miles N. of Amoy, and 280 S. of Hang-Chow. The city proper, lying nearly three miles from the north bank of the river, is surrounded by a wall about 30 feet high and 12 feet thick, which makes a circuit at upwards of five miles and is pierced by seven gateways surrounded by tall fantastic watchtowers. The whole district between the city and the river, the island of Nantai, and the southern banks of the Min are occupied by extensive suburbs; and the river itself bears a large floating population. Communication from bank to bank is afforded by a long stone bridge supported by forty solid stone piers in its northern section and by nine in its southern. The most remarkable establishment of Fuh-Chow is the arsenal situated about three miles down the stream at Pagoda Island, where the seagoing vessels usually anchor. It was founded in 1867, and is conducted under the direction of French engineers according to European methods. In 1870 it employed about 1000 workmen besides fifty European superintendents. The port was opened to European commerce in 1842; and in 1853 the firm of Russell and Co. shipped the first cargoes of tea. from Fuh-Chow to Europe and America. The European firms now number thirteen; and the tea trade is second in importance only to that of Shanghai. In 1867, 550,239 piculs of tea were exported; in 1869, 581,003 piculs; in 1872, 642,841 piculs; in 1875, 723,732 piculs; and in 1875, 617,579. The total trade in foreign vessels in 1876 was imports to the value of £l,531,617 and exports to the value of £3,330,489. The number of vessels that entered in the same year was 275, and of those 211 were British, 37 German, 11 Danish, and 9 American. A large trade is carried on by the native merchants in timber, paper, woollen and cotton goods, oranges, and olives; but the foreign houses mainly confine themselves to opium and tea. Commercial intercourse with Australia and New Zealand is on the increase. The principal imports, besides opium, are shirtings, ⏉ cloths, lead and tin, medicines, rice, tobacco, and beans and pease. Two steamboat lines afford regular communication with Hong-Kong twice a month. The town is the seat of several important missions of which the first was founded in 1846. That supported by the American Board had already in 1876 issued 1,300,000 copies of Chinese books and tracts. The population of Fuh-Chow is stated by the Boston Missionary Herald, Feb. 1872, at about 4,000,000; but A. E. Hippeslay in Handelsstatistik der Vertagshäfen von China, Vienna, 1874, the Overland China Mail, June 1872, and the Church Missionary Record, Sept. 1872, are all quoted by Behm and Wagner, Bevölkerung der Erde, 1875, as giving the number 600,000.
FUHRICH, Joseph von (1800–1876), a printer and contemporary oi Cornelius and Ovorhci-k, was born at Kurt, zauin Bohemia in 1800. Deeply impressed aboy by rude pictures edoraicg the nay-side chapels oi his native country, his fimtattempt at composition wasn sketch oithe Natirity [or the lestiutl ol Christmas in his father's house. He lived to see the day uhen, becoming celebrated as n composer oi scriptural episodes, his sacred snbjees were tmnsicrrod in numhorless repetitions to the roadside churches of the Austrinll suite, nhtre humble peusnnts thus learnt to admire modern art reviving the models of earlier ages. Fulirith has been lairly described as e “Nazarene,” n romantic rc— ligious artist Whose pencil did more than any other to re- store the old spirit oi Dirrcr nnd give new shape to count- less incidents oi the gospel nnd scriptural legends. Without the power at Corncliux or the grace oi 0 ~erbeok, he cont posed 'th great skill, especially in outline. His mastery of distribution, ionu, movement, and expression was con- sidemblc. In its peculiar uny his drapery nus pcrlcctly cost. ntielly creative ns a landscape dranghlsman, he had still no reeling ior colour; and uhen he produced mouu~ meutel pictures he was not nenriy so successful as when designing subjects inr woodcuts. That such u man as Fithrich should have lived and prospered in the same city as Rah] nnd Multan proves that "enna had room {or every form of artistic development. But 1"uhrich’s lame extended {or beyond the wells oi the Austriun capital; end there are ierv in Germany who are not uequeinted with his illustra- tions to Tierk's GPIlePl'rly the Lord's Prayer, the Triulnph of Christ, the [load to Ilcthlchcni, the Succession 01 Christ according to Thomas 2r Kcnipis, the Prodigal Son, end the verses oi the rsnlter. rile Prodignl Son, especially, is re» murkablc for the fancy with which the spirit of clll is embodied in a figure constantly recurring, end like that ui nephistophcles exhibiting temptation in e human yet demuniaeul shape. Firhrieh became n pupil oi Bengler in the Academy of Prague in 1816. Hrs iiret inspiration was dcrivcd from the prints of Dilrer and the Faust ol Cornelius, and the first fruit of this turn of study tests the Gonol'ua series. In 18:26 he Went to lionlc, “here he ntlrlid three ireeecs to those executed by Cornelius and Orerherh in the Palszm Massimi llis subjects won: token (mm the liie oi Tusso, and are almost solitary examples of his talcnt in this class of composition. In 1831 he finished die Triumph of Christ now in the Iinczynsldi Palace at Berlin In 1834 he was made custos and in 1841 prolessor of com» position in the Academy oi Vienna Alter this be com- plctotl tho ntonumcntnl pictures of the church of St Neponluk, and in 1854761 the vast scrios oi wall painting: which cover the in 'de of the IArchcnlitld church at Vienna. In W72 he was ed and music a knight of the order til Franz Joseph; 1875 s the date oi his illustrations to the Psalms. He died on the 13th of March 1876.
the curl ' cal history oi mid Germany uhich Monte Cassino holder in Italy, St Gslle in south Gcmlauy, Corvcy in north (lcrmany, Tours in Fratnrt and Iona in Scotland It was the centre of a m ionaryu or bnth oi conversion and
roiornraticn, organized on rn nnutic principles. The monustcry