Reviews. 385
in Warsaw, Z. Gloger, A. Juszkicwicz, K. Kostowski, and E. Janota; in Cracow, Prof. L. Malinowski, R. Zawilinski, and S. Matusiak ; and in Leopol, Dr. W. Ketrzynski. In 1887 the important periodical, Wisla ("Vistula") was founded by the late J. Karlowicz, a well-trained ethnologist who published valuable articles on comparative folklore and introduced the scientific spirit and method hitherto somewhat lacking. He arranged Polish songs systematically on the model of Child's collection. Among his coadjutors were L. Krzywicki and E. Majewski, (chiefly working in pre-history and archaeology), the latter of whom became editor of Wisla from the thirteenth volume. The Ethnographic Society of Lw6w (Leopol) was founded in 1894, and in 1895 began to issue the quarterly Lud, of which the first editor was Prof. A. Kalina, and the present one is A. R. Fischer. Amongst the contributors are Prof. Bauduin de Courtenay of the Imperial Academy of St. Petersburg, Dr. A. Bruckner of the University of Berlin, Dr. J. Kallenbach of the University of Leopol, Dr. W. Klinger, lecturer in the University of Kiev, and the late Prof. Lopatinski. Last year an important advance was made by the appointment of Dr. S. Cziewski to a chair of ethnology at the University of Leopol. His activity began in 1897 with the dissertation Kunstliche Vtrwatidtschaft hei den Sudslaven, and he is familiar with the folklore of all Slavonic nations and has studied in Zagreb (Agram), Praha (Prague), and with Prof. Ratzel in Leipzic. He has edited, chiefly for the Academy of Science of Cracow, a whole series of works on com- parative folklore, and the possibility of methodic training afforded by his appointment will undoubtedly give a new impulse to research. Last year also a new periodical, Zietnia (" The Earth "), appeared in Warsaw.
This brief survey will show that considerable quantities of materials have been collected in Poland, sufficient for the under- taking of a systematic classification of manners, customs, and beliefs. Such an enterprise, as remarked above, would be of great importance for comparative folklore in general, and would greatly stimulate first-hand research in Poland itself.
B. Malinowski.
2B
