Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/353

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put them, &c.); Nu 14, 1 S 28, 2 S 2, Is 39. Finally there are the cases in which an infinitival or participial construction representing past time, according to § 113 r, § 116 x, is taken up and continued by an imperfect consecutive.

 [r (2) To represent present actions, &c., in connexion with tenses, or their equivalents, which describe actions and states as being either present or lasting on into the present (continuing in their effect); so especially,

(α) In connexion with the present perfects, described in § 106 g, e.g. ψ 16 therefore my heart is glad (שָׂמַח) and my glory rejoiceth (וַיָּ֫גֶל); Is 3 (parallel with a simple imperfect). Cf. also such examples as ψ 29 וַיֵּ֫שֶׁב (prop. he sat down, and has been enthroned ever since), ψ 41.

 [s (β) In connexion with those perfects which represent experiences frequently confirmed (see § 106 k), e.g. Jb 14 he cometh up (יָצָא) like a flower, and is cut down (וַיִּמָּל); he fleeth (וַיִּבְרַח) also as a shadow, וְלֹא יַֽעֲמוֹד and continueth not; Jb 20, 24, 11, Is 40, Pr 11.

 [t (γ) In connexion with imperfects which, in one of the ways described in § 107. 2, are used in the sense of the present; e.g. Jb 14 but man dieth (יָמוּת) and becometh powerless (וַיֶּחֱֽלָשׁ), &c., i.e. remains powerless; Jb 4, Ho 8, Hb 1f., ψ 55, 90, Jb 5, 7, 11 (when thou mockest), 12:25, 34:24, 37:8 (parallel with a simple imperfect); 39:15. In the apodosis of a conditional sentence, ψ 59, so also after an interrogative imperfect, 1 S 2, ψ 42 (וַתֶּֽהֱמִי for which in verse 12 and in 43:5 we have וּמַה־תֶּֽהֱמִי and why art thou disquieted?).

 [u (δ) In dependence on participles, which represent what at present continues or is being repeated, e.g. Nu 22, 1 S 2, 2 S 19 behold the king weepeth (בֹּכֶה) and mourneth (וַיִּתְאַבֵּל) for Absalom; Am 5, 9f., Na 1, ψ 34, Pr 20, Jb 12, but cf. e.g. Jb 12 קֹרֵא לֶֽאֱלוֹהַּ who called upon God, וַיַּֽעֲנֵ֫הוּ and he answered him.

 [v (ε) In dependence on other equivalents of the present, as in Is 51, ψ 144 (see above, m); Jb 10. So especially as the continuation of an infinitive, which is governed by a preposition (cf. § 144 r), Is 30, Jer 10, ψ 92, &c.

 [w (3) To represent future actions, &c., in dependence on—(α) an imperfect which refers to the future, ψ 49, 94f.;—(β) a perfect consecutive, or those perfects which, according to § 106 n, are intended to represent future events as undoubtedly certain, and therefore as though already accomplished (perf. propheticum); cf. Is 5 (parallel with a simple imperfect separated from ו); 5:16 (cf. 2:11, 17, where the same threat is expressed by the perfect consecutive); 5:25, 9:5, 10f.,