Abin, Benedict
THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA
Abiram
anil oliservntions of his oniincnt predecessors, particulariy those of R. Isaac. these is the
Among
followiug: " ls
Whence
we
ilo
learn
with thi«e nssenibleil
Iliat
One— blessed
ihe Huly
In synnp)(riies
'GihI standelhlntheiDnttnirntlunuf
in Abin's home, foretold that learned sons His piedictiou was issue from that house. vciitied. Hiyya bar Abin and R. Iddi bar Ahiu were
light
would
sons of Abin" j^aggara (Shah. 234). S.
U, (A.V. "IhenilBhty"]. Ixxxll.
It Issiild (I>s.
lii'il'
Hel-
be
64
ABIN
And whemv do we
leuni tlml. whin ten |>crsiina are enpageil In prayer, the I>lvlne I'lt'senee [^h<kiIlah] Is with them V It '(iiHl standeth In the onmrre^'allnn of CikI' Utlah Is said. And slj^nlfyln? In rabbinic lore an a.'iseiiil>iy of ti'ii iHTsons].
whence do we learn that the Divine Presence is with three i>ersons sitting in judgiiieni z It Is siild (I's. /.r.l, "He JudBctli And whence do we know anioni.' the judi.'es' [A.V. "gods"]. that, when only two pers4ins are enpatrwl in the study of the Torah. the Divine Presence l.s with them? It is said (Mai. Hi. IB). "Then they that feared the Lord spaiie often one to another; and tile I/ird hearkened and heard it.' And whence do we learn that, even when a single individual iktuimcs Idniself with the study of the Tondi. the Divine Presence is with hlmV It Is said (Ex. xx. 24), "Wherever I cause my name to be remembered, there will I come to Ibee and bless thee'"
NA^MAN
B.
A beloved
disciple of R.
Ezekiel iB. -M. lUTn). He is mentioned as a transmitter of Baraitot (Yeb. 84«; B. B. 94A).
Judah
bell
S.
ABIN, BENEDICT.
ABIN
scholar who, liy a iiirious ealiiilation, tries to prove that the Biblical saying, "That .soul shall be cut oil from his people" (Gen. xvii. 14), signilies a premature death before the expiration of the fiftieth year of age (Yer. Bik. ii. C4<'). Palesliiiiaii
S.
tiiiiuii
iiiiicini.
n
ilisciplt-
M.
ABINA nmora of
See Aiiix. Bendicu.
BAB HISDA
B.
nl'
(Hasdi)
A
Pales-
R. .Jcilninau (Git.
51/).
a few exegetieal remarks by him are preserved in the midrasliic literature, from which it appears that he was In
a
to soine luilaliic
aclditiiin
o|iiuiiiiis.
and tried to define the meaning of IIet)rew words by reference to cognate langnages
liiiixiiist
I5il]lifal
(Tan. Ki Tis.sa, ed. Biiber; Pcsik. K. 3 and »).
..;
Cant. R. to S.
ii.
ABIN till-
B.
HIYYA: A
Palestinian
M.
amora
of
ami a colleague of H, .leri^teachers. H. Zeiia I. and R. Ilila. were
fmirili gcnei'atioii,
miali.
Ilis
among
the greatest authorities of Ihe thiid genera-
tion,
and
his
younger colli emporaries recognized him
.fter a short as an authority in lialakie matters. life of diligent study and earnest teaching he died, mourned liy his contemporaries; and R. Zeira II. thus applietl to him and illustrateil the Scriptural passjige (Eccl. v. 1'2):
"The
slecpof a lalmrlnirman Is sweet, whether he oat little or much." "A kitiL'had hired many latK>rers. among wliom there was (»ne who arcomplislied more than was expirt+'d ot him. The king, noticing this, often invited the man to accompany him on his leisurely w;ilks. When the time came to pay the lalKirers, this one receied its much as any of the rest and when the laborers complained of partiality, the king replie<l, 'This man has accom[illshed in a couple of houi-s more than you have in a whole day.' So, It. Bun aecomplislied in the eight ami twenty years which lie devoted to the study of the Law what no other dlstingnlshed scholar could accomplish In a century " (Ecel. n. to v. 11). S. JI.
KAHANA
ABIN
A
B.
Palestinian amora, one of the teaelurs of K. Abuii bcu Hiyya (Tem. 20h), and junior colleague of R. Ho.shaya II. (Ycr. Ter. viii. 4.V). R. .Jonah, of the fourth araoraic generation, transmits a halakic discus.sion iu liis name (Yer. Hor. ii. 4Gd). S. W.
ABIN HA-LEVI: A
Palestinian
amora of the
secoMil half of the fourth century, distinguished as an original haggadist. In the midrashic literattire the title Berabhi is often appended to his name (Tan., cd. Buber, Waycra, 40; Hayye, '2; Wa-yishlah.
'21
H j^ism'm). The
following maxim, which tra-
dition ascribes to him. may here be quoted: " Him who forces the hour, the hour will force aside. Make way for the hour, and the hour will make way for thee." (Ber. tHa.)
Bibliography
Baclier,
Au- Pal- Ami>r.
ill.
457-432.
S.
M.
ABIN NAGGARA: Babylonian amora of
A
("The Carpenter"): A the second and third genera-
he devoted his nights to study; anil Riib Iluna I. noticing the constant
tions.
carpenter
liy trade,
M.
ABIN BEN TAN^UM BAR TERIFON A
(Ber. 0«).
S.
M.
Abuna
(called also the third and
or
M.
Buna): An
fourth centuries, always cited without any cognomen. He was a iSabyloninn by birth, n discijile of Itib Huna I., and befriended by (ieniba (Gil. (i.'i//; Yer. Git. vi. 48i(), in whose name he reports a Ilalakah (Hid. HUli). Most of his knowledge, however, he seems to have aci|uiied from R. .lereiniah b. Abba, who is likewise often cited in the Palestinian Talmud without patronymic (compare Sliab. 1'2'<: Yer. Shab. i. 3//) for it is in R. Jeremiah's name tliat he most fre(|uently transmits decisions (Shab. HIT/;; Yer. Shab. xix. l~/i). In I5al)ylonia he had halakic controversies with I{ab Ilisda and Hah Slieshet Ket. 24'-, 4*0: but in his later years he migrated to Palestine, where R. Zeini I. (Zera) and R. Jacob b. Aha became his friends. They and other amoraim of the thiid generation fre(|UiMlly reported Ilalakot they had learned from him (Yer. Pes. v. ;«'•; Yer. Er. iv. 21(1 ; Yer. Yeb. iii. 4c; Yer.
(
Ket.
Yer. Shebu. vi. 3T(/). pronunciation of the
xiii. *i6((;
rule on the ton (written
The rabbinic Tetnigmmma-
YIIWII and pronounced Adonai; see Adoxai and Ti;TiiAGi!AMMATON) he bases on the "This is my name forever, and passage in Ex. iii. I.'i,
this is
my
memorial unto all generations," ajiplying to the written form (Ay li'fj). and Ihe second to
the first heretic the reading (hri) (Pes. .50-', Kid. 71-0once remarked to R. Abina (a variant reading attributes it to Abbahu): "It is written (II Sam. vii. '23), What one nation is like thy jieople, even like Wherein consists Israel.' an only nation on earth? your distinction';' Ye also arc included among us; for the Bible says (Isti. xl. 17), 'All nations before him are as nothing.' " Tot his R. Abina replied: " I5y one of your own jicople it has been eslablished concerning us. as it is written (Xiim. xxiii. 9). 'He [Israel] shall not be reckoned among the nations'" (Sanh. 3!)<(). The assumption tliiit there were two scholars of the name of Abina unaccompanied by a cognomen has resulted from confounding R. Jeremiah b. Abba, when cited without his patronymic, with a later amora. A R. .luiiia Zeira (the younger) is mentioned in connection with his enforced violation of the Sabbath as a conseiiuence of religious persecutions (Ycr. Sheb. iv. 'i'xi), but nothing more is known of him.
A
'
Bibliography
Bacher, Ag. Pal.
Amor.
lU. 539, .>40.
s.
ABINADAB
>r.
Generous"): 1. A resident of Kirjalli jiarini. who kept the Ark of the Covenant in his house during the twenty years immediately following its restoration by the Philistines In II Sam. vi. 3, 4, (I Sam. vii. 1 I Cliron. xiii. 7). Gibeah is given as his home. 2. The second .son ("Father
is
of Jesse
(I
Sam.
xvi. 8;
I
Cliron.
ii.
13).
He was
