"
ADLEB, GOTTLIEB:
Austrian physicist and Imni Miiicli 7, IWOH; ilii-il Dec. 15, After icft'ivinj; liis early 1MU3, at SU'ckcii. Biiliciiiia. tdueatidiiat the frymiiasiuin (if I.i,'hui. Moravia, being gniduated in 1M7T, lie entered llie L'niversity of Vienna, and reeeived the degree of I'li.D. in 1882. He th<-n devoted liiniself jirineiiially totliestudvof nuitlieniatieal physies, and in 18,s,") wasajipoiuteil "privatShortly bedocent " (inslruetorl at tlie university. fore his death he vas proumted to the position of professor extraordinary at the same university. The seieiilitic papers of Adler relate almost enmatlii-inutii i;in
domains of electricity and a few exceptions, were piib-
tirely to researches in the
nia.gnetisni, and, with "
der Kaiserlichen Akadeniie der Wissenschaflen zu Wien, "covering a Brief notices of these period of nine years (18S4-93). investigations may be found in the " Fort.schritte der Phvsik," .l.-xli.., Brunswick. A. S. C. lisiied
Adler, David Baruch Adler, Hermann
THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA
195
in
the
Sitzungsberichte
ADLER, GTJIDO
Chrysiuider and Pliilij) Spilta the " Vierleljahresschrift fUr Musikwis.senschaft." In 1885 he was called to the (icrman l'niversity of Prague. Bohe laia, as ordinary professor of the history and theory of music, and in 1 8U8, in the same cai)acily,to the l'niversity of Vieiuia. In 18S(i be ]iublislie<l "Die Wiederhohmg und Nachahmung in der Mehrslim" Ein Satz eines Unbekannlen niigkcit"; in 1.S88. H(ithovenis<hen Klavierkoncerts. " In I81l'2-!tlJ he edited a selection of musical compositions of the emperors Ferdinand HI., Leopold I., and Josejih Since 1.81)4 he has been the editor of 1. (two vols.).
- Denkmiller der Tonkiuist ftlr Osterreich," an important publication for the history of mu.sic.
RIt-mann, Mugtk-Lerihon.,
1891), s.T.
M. B.
ADLER, HELENE
Cerman teacher and writer: born at Frankfort on IheMain in lH4i), in the same house in which Lu<lwig Hiirne was born, and which was the [iroperty of her father, who was one of the minor ollicers of the Jewish community of Frankfort.
She was graduali'd from the Wiesbaden in 1807, and for lifliin years was the school of the Frankfort Orphan Asy-
Women's College t<acliir in
^liss Adler, who since l88i has devoted herself entirely to literature, is tin- author of the following works": (1) " Beim Kuckuk" (poems), 1883; (•>) •• |{ellgion und Moral " (a treatise on education), 1882; (8)
lum,
" Waiseiierziehting " (an essav on llie education of orphans), 1S85; (4) "Vorredi'ii und Bruchstilcke (poems). 18U7.
Bini.Kxiit.tPiiY
Chief rabbi of the llebreu (dngiegations of the British cni]iire; born in the city of Hanover, May, 1839; second son of X.Tii.x M.vucrs Adi.ku; eclucated at University College School and University College, London. He studied at Prague and Leijjsic between 1.860 and 18G3, devoting especial attention to theology and the Talmud. In December, 1802, lie received llie degree of Ph.D. at Leipsic, and next year Chief Uabbi uapoiiort of Prague conferrc'd upon him the hdlliiriit
liordith
(rab-
binical diploma).
In
Dr. Adler principal of College, an in-
I8(j:j
became Jews'
stitution like his
for which, father, he
always entertained special regard.
a
Though
he was appointed min-
Austrian writcronnuisic; liorn Xov, 1, 18.5.5. His father, Joachim, a physician, died in 1857, whereupon liis mother removed to Iglau. He was educated in Vienna, wlierc he stidied nuisicat the conservatory undir lirucknirand Desolf. In 1878 he was graduated from the Vienna L'nivci-sily as doctor of jurisprudence, and in 1880asdoctorof [)hilo.sophy. Ilisdisscrtation," Die Grundklas.sen der C'hristlich-Abeudlilndischen Musik bis KiOO" (The Chief Divisions of Western Church Music up to IGOO), was reprinted in "Allg. Musikzeilung." 1.8.S(). In 188^! Adler became lecturer on musical science at Vienna University, on which occasion he wrote "EineStudie zur Oeschichte der Harmonic" (.ji Essay on the History of Harmony), iiublished in the "Sitzungsberichte der I'hilosophiseli Historischen Klas.sc der Wiener Academic der WissenRclmften." 1881. In 1884 he founded with Friedrich
al Eilicnschut/., .Moravia,
BiBLiooRAPiiT
ADLER, HERMANN:
I'liitcd
LfxUiiin Ikutfchtr
Fraucn
ilcr
Feihr.
H
1808, l{
ister of the
Bayswater
Synago.gue, London, in 18H4, he remained the tutor of theology in Jews' College until 187i), when he reliii(luislied his active duties
there.
However,
he did not entirely Chief Rabbi Hermann .itler. sever his connection with the college; for when Sir Barrow Ellis died in 1887 he was unanimously elected chairman of the council,
and
at his election as chief rabbi in 1891
he became president of the institution.
Wh(
n in 187()
advancing age compelled his
father,
the chief rabbi, to ihlegate to another some of his most onerous duties. Dr. Adler became his deputy, and when his father died in 1890 he was unanimously electeil to succeed him (June, 1891). Dr. Adler's inlluence has been very wide-spread, covering the whole e.xtcnt of the British empire and
even reaching beyoml.
He
is
socially
Extent of
the recognized representative of EngInfluence. lish Jewry, and he is one of the most prominent tiguresin philanthropic circles. He is the minister of the Cathedral Synagogue in Duke's Place, as well as president of the London bet din. Dr. Adler holds many lionorary offices in the community, and in addition to being president of Jews' For a time College, he is ]iresiilent of Aria College. he was jiresidiiit of the Jewish Historical Society of Englaiul. and lie has luld the vice-iiresidency of the Jewish IJeligious Educational Board and of the Anglo-Jewish Association. He also takes an active jiart in the Hus.so-Jcwisli Conimitlic. which he represented atBerlinin 1889andal Parisin 18!»t). Outside the community, too, he holds important offices, and is vice-president of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children and of the Mansion House Associatiiui for improving the dwellings of the poor. He is the author of a volume of "Sermons on the Biblical Pa.ssages Adduced bv Christian Theologians in Su|>port of the Dogmas of Their (iabirol ami His Hi'to Scholastic I'hilosophy." in "University College Es,says." 18m ".lewisli l{ei>ly to
His 'Works. Faith"; "Ibn lation
Bishop Coleiiso"; and various Sabbath readings pub lished by the Jewish Association for the Promotion Dr. Adler has lontribu of Heligious Knowledge. ted numerous artiiles to reviews, among them an article in reply to Prof, Goldwiii Smith, entitled
