monarchy. The beſt and wiſeſt prince, by means of a freer communication with his people, and the greater opportunities to collect the beſt advice from the beſt of his ſubjects, would have an immenſe advantage in a free ſtate more than in a monarchy. A ſenate conſiſting of all that is moſt noble, wealthy, and able in the nation, with a right to counſel the crown at all times, is a check to miniſters, and a ſecurity againſt abuſes, that a body of nobles who never meet, and have no ſuch right, can never accompliſh. Another aſſembly, compoſed of repreſentatives choſen by the people in all parts, gives the whole nation free acceſs, and communicates all the wants, knowledge, projects, and wiſhes of the nation, to government; excites an emulation among all claſſes, removes complaints, redreſſes grievances, affords opportunities of exertion to genius though in obſcurity, and gives full ſcope to all the faculties of man; opens a paſſage for every ſpeculation to the legiſlature, to adminiſtration, and to the public: it gives a univerſal energy to the human character, in every part of the ſtate, which never can be obtained in a monarchy.
There is a third particular which deſerves attention both from governments and people. The miniſters of ſtate,in a ſimple monarchy, can never know their friends from their enemies: cabals in ſecret undermine their influence, and blaſt their reputations. This occaſions a jealouſy ever anxious and irritated, which never thinks the government ſafe
