Ishmaelites. (Gen. xxxvii. 25.) The descendants of Ishmael. The company of Ishmaelites to whom Joseph was sold are elsewhere called Midianites.—(Gen. xxxvii 28.) Probably they were Ishmaelites who dwelt in Midian. It is evident, however, that the two names were sometimes applied to the same people, (Judges viii 22 24,) though we know the descendants of Midian were not Ishmaelites, [for Midian was a son of Abraham by Keturah.]
Hagar (Gen. xvi. 1.) An Egyptian woman, who lived in the family of Abraham, as a servant or bond woman. Sarah being childless, she proposed to Abraham that he should receive Hagar as his wife; and the fruit of this connection was Ishmael. Previous to his birth, his mother, being ill-treated by Sarah, fled from the house, and while in the wilderness, was informed by an angel what would be the character of her child and that his posterity would be innumerable. The birth of Ishmael was in A.M. 2094; and as Abraham supposed that the promises of God respecting his seed were to be fulfilled in Ishmael, he nurtured him with much care—(Gen. xvii. 18.)
Agar or Hagar. This Agar is Mount Sinai, in Arabia, and answereth to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children.—(Gal. iv 25 )
Hagarenes, (Ps. lxxxiii. 6,) or Hagarites, (1 Chron. v. 10, 20,) are the descendants of Hagar, and are of course the same with the Ishmaelites or Midianites.
Pharaoh was a king of Egypt, who gave his wife's sister in marriage to Hadad. His queen was Tahpenes, by whom he had Genubath.
Hadad. (1 Kings, xi. 14.) A descendant of the royal family of Edom. When David conquered that country (2 Sam. viii. 14,) and cut off its male population, certain of the king s household escaped the general massacre, and fled, taking with them Hadad, then a little child. After a time, they went into Egypt, and young Hadad was presented to the king, and probably his royal descent was made known. The king received him with great favor, and in process of time he married the queen's sister, and the families were afterwards on terms of the closest intimacy. After David's death, Hadad
