"Salvation Soldiery," describing his views as to religious life and work. "Holy Living," and "Orders and Regulations for the Salvation Army," are some of the smaller publications issued by him for the direction of the Army as to teaching and services. He also contributed an article on "The Salvation Army" to the Contemporary Review, for Aug. 1882. Mrs. Booth, who has shared largely in all the General's efforts, has further explained their views in "Practical Religion," "Aggressive Christianity," and "Godliness." The General's eldest son is his Chief of Staff, managing all the business, his eldest daughter directs the work in France, the second son is at the head of the Clapton Institution for the training of men officers, the second daughter at the head of that for women, the third son and daughter specially directing the uniform and musical departments, and the younger children being all in training for some branch of the service. The General established The War Cry as a weekly gazette of the Army in 1880. It is now published twice weekly to the number jointly of 400,000 per week. Editions are also published in America, Australia, and India—En Avant in Paris, and the Jangi Pokar (Marathi) edition in Bombay.
BORDEAUX, Duke de. (See Chambord, Count de.)
BOREL, Jean Louis, a French general, born at Faujeaux (Ande), April 3, 1819, was selected by General MacMahon as his aide-de-camp soon after quitting the Staff College in 1840, and served for several years in the African wars, under the future Duke of Magenta. At the latter end of 1854 he went with his general to the camp of Boulogne, where MacMahon took the command of a division of infantry. In Aug. 1855, they both left for the Crimea, and M. Borel, then only a Staff captain, marched by the side of his general to the assault on the Malakhoff. Promoted to the rank of major after the brilliant engagement of the 8th of Sept., he made, in the capacity of aide-de-camp to MacMahon, the campaign against the Kabyles of Algeria in 1856, and that of Italy in 1859. In 1867 Colonel Borel parted company with the Duke of Magenta, to whom he had rendered great service on many occasions, and, going to Paris, was appointed Chief of Staff of the National Guards of the Seine under General Autemarre d'Erville. After the declaration of war against Germany he did not take apart in the earlier engagements between the German troops and the Army of the Rhine, but on the delegation of the Government of the National Defence leaving Paris for Tours, Colonel Borel was summoned to that city, and appointed Chief of Staff of the 15th Corps d'Armée, and promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General. When the Army of the Loire was definitely organised, he became General Chief of Staff, and to his exertions was, in a great measure, due the temporary success gained by the French near Orleans in Nov. 1870. A few weeks later he was created a General of Division. In Dec. 1877 he succeeded General Berthaut as Minister of War. In Sept. 1878, he was sent by the Government to inspect the new fortifications in the Vosges. His resignation of the Ministry of War was accepted Jan. 13, 1879, when he took the command of the Rouen Army Corps.
BORTON, General Sir Arthur, K.C.B., G.C.M.G., is the youngest son of the late Rev. John Drew Borton, rector of Blofield, Norfolk, by Louisa, daughter of the Rev. Thomas Carthew, of Woodbridge, Suffolk. He was born at Blofield in 1814, and educated at Eton and at the Royal Military College at Sandhurst. He entered the army in 1832, became captain in 1841, and served with the 9th Regiment in the Afghanistan campaign of 1842
