JOINVILLE.
641
501S - Fbbdina^b-Philippb - LOUI8- Mabie-d'Obl^anb, son of the late Louis-Philippe^ king of the French^ was born at Neuilly^ Aug. 14, 1818. Soon after his father's accession to the throne in 1830, he began his naval studies, was sent to sea at the age of thirteen, received, like his brothers, the Dukes of Orleans, Nemours, and Aiunale, a liberal education in the public colleges of France, and passed a brilliant exa- mination at Brest. From that time he devoted himself entirely to his profession, and became a great favourite with the French navy. The ordinary hard work of the service was not sufficient to satisfy his ardent desire to distinguish himself. Being with the Mediter- ranean squadron in 1887, he dis- embarked and rode up to Constan- tine, in the hope of taking part in the storming of that stronghold, but arrived just too late. Not long afterwards ne received the com- mand of the corvette Cr4ole, and joining the fleet of Admiral Bau- din, was intrusted with the difficult mission of obtaining reparation from the Mexican government. The Ct4- ole took a prominent i>art in the bombardment of St. Juan d'Ulloa, and at Vera Cruz the Prince, at the head of the storming party, was the first to enter the gates, under a heavy fire, and was only saved from certain death by the devotion of one of his officers. In 1841 he was selected by the king to command La Belle Poule frigate, charged with the service of convey- ing to France the body of the emperor Napoleon, and he married, at Bio Janeiro, May 1, 1843, Donna Francisca de Braganza, sister of Don Pedro II., emperor of Brazil. Becoming Bear-Admiral, he took part in tiie sittings of tiie Admi- ralty; and the French navy is deeply indebted to him for the manner in which he helped to solve the great question of the adapta- tion of steam to vessels of war, in 1846. When war broke out between
France and Morocco he commanded a squadron, with which he bom- barded Tangiers and took Mogador. After this decisive exi>edition he was raised to the rank of Vice- Admiral. Being almost always on active service, the Prince de Join- ville was in Algiers with his brother the Due d' Aumale when the revolu- tion of Feb., 1848, overthrew the constitutional monsuxhy. Besolving to share the misfortunes of their family, the two brothers sought refuge in England, and joined King Louis Philippe at Olaremont. The Prince distinguished himself by actively aiding in the rescue of many of the passengers and crew of the ship Ocean Monarch, when burning off Southampton, Aug. 24, 1848. Driven suddenlv from a brilliant position into the narrow limits of private life, he accepted his new situation with simplicity and dignity, and remaining at heart a French sailor, endeavoured to render himself useful to the navy of his country by his pen, if not by his sword. He had already, in 1844, begun publishing in the Reviie des Deux Mondes his studies on the French navy. One of his articles, published in 1865, was a compara- tive review of the fleets of the United States and of France, and excited much attention at the time. Happening to be in the United States about a twelvemonth after the breaking out of the civil war, he accompanied his nephews, the Comte de Paris and the Due de Ghartres, to the camp of Gen. McOlellan, with whose staff he witnessed the principal actions of the Virginian campaign of 1862, and gave an account of these events in a well-written and impartial article, published in the Revue des Deuso Mondes of 1863, which shows that his knowledge and capacity are far from being confined to that service of which he is a distin- guished ornament. After the down- fall of the Napoleonic dynasty, he went back to France with the other
