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Note the words Dubrae, Dover; Rutupiae, Richborough; reliquiae, relics. These words are Plural in form and have no Singular. The first two are Singular in meaning, like the English ‘Athens’ (Latin ‘Athēnae’); the third is Plural in meaning.
| Nouns and Adjectives in -um | ||||
| SINGULAR. | PLURAL. | |||
| 1, 2, 3 | oppidum, a town, o town | oppida, towns, o towns | ||
| 4 | oppidī, of a town | oppidōrum, of towns | ||
| 5 | oppidō, to a town (with a verb of ‘giving’) | oppidīs, to towns (with a verb of ‘giving’) | ||
| 6 | in | oppidō, in a town | in | oppidīs, in towns |
Similarly with an adjective: oppidum antīquum, an ancient town.
§10.
In this and the following Preparations the nouns of the 2nd Declension in -um will be given in the Nom. Sing., except when a whole phrase is quoted.
| commentāriī | notes, commentaries |
| dē vitā meā | about my life |
| scriptitō | I write, jot down [scribble] |
| super oppidum | above the town |
| castellum | fort [castle] |
| specula | a watch tower |
| mūrī lātī | broad walls |
| aedificium consecrātum | a consecrated building |
| iam | already |
| secundō saeculō[1] | in the second century |
| post Christum nātum | after the birth of Christ (lit. after Christ born) |
| basilica Christiāna | a Christian basilica (or church) |
- ↑ Note the Ablative without a Preposition, here meaning in (an expression of ‘time when’).
