7i6 Outlines of European History Chaldean science, 83 ff. Chaldean state, 80 f. Chaldean war, 80 Chaldean writing, 83 Chaldeans, 69, 79, 80 Chalons (sha 16h')> battle of, 320 Charlemagne (shar'le man), 369 ff., disruption of Empire of, 381 Charles I, 662 ff. Charles II of England, 676 ff., 689 Charles V, Emperor, 562, 566 ff., 593 fv 625 Charles VIII of France, Italian invasion of, 568 ff. Charles IX of France, 632 f, Charles Martel defeats the Mo- hammedans at Tours, 367, 369 Charter, Great, 419 f. Charters, town, 500 Chartres (shartr), cathedral of, 515 Chaucer, 536 Cheops (ke'ops) {see Khufu), 25, 28 Chephren (kef'ren), Plate I Chilon (kflon), 159 Chios (kl'os), 151 Chivalry, 538 f. Christ. See Jesus Christianity, promises of, 335; contrast between ideas of, and those of the pagans, 335 f. Chrysoloras (kris 5 lo'ras), 548 Church, greatness of, 334 ; sources of power of, 335 ff. ; relation of, to the civil government, 337 ; begins to perform the functions of the civil government, 338 f . ; in time of Charlemagne, 374, 379 ; property of, 440 flf. : char- acter and organization of, 475ff.; relation of, to State, 489 ; break up of, 578. See Clergy, Popes Church of England, 611, 639 Cicero (sis'e ro), 265 f. Cilicia (si lish'ia), 146 Cimmerians (si me'ri anz), 79 Cimon (sl'mon), 180 f. City-states, 64, 127 ff., 247, 516 ff. Civil war in England, 668 f. Claudius, 247 Cle bu'lus, 1 59 Cle'on the tanner, 198 f. Cle 6 pa'tra, 267, 272 ff. Clerestory, 47 f. and Figs. 1 13, 183, 188 Clergy, position of, in Middle Ages, 443 f., 480 ff. Cle7'icis laicosy^gi Clermont, Council of, 461 Clipping, _505 Clis'the nes, 157 f. Clit'i as, 149 Cli'tus, 228 Clocks, earliest, in Greece, 234 ; in Egypt, 236 Cloister, 351 Clovis, conquests of, 326 f. ; con- version of, 327 ; number of sol- diers of, 329 ; baptized, 329 Cnidus (ni'dus), 151 Cnossus(nos'us),i4, 116, Ii8ff.,i27 Cnut (knot), 406 Codes of law, earliest written, 29, 67 f., 154, 252, 281 f., 311 f. Coinage, earliest, in Egypt, 38 ; in Age of Hammurapi, 67 ; in Medo-Persian Empire, 98 ; in Greece, 151; in Rome, 250, 256; medieval, 505 Colbert (kol bar'), 686 f. Coligny (ko len'ye), 635 f. Coloni, the, 292 f. Colonia Augusta Treverorum, 289 Colonnades, the earliest, 40, 46 ff. Col OS se'um, 279, 294 Columbus, 530 Commerce in Middle Ages, 503 ff. Com'mo dus, 301 f. Common law, 413 Commons, House of. See Parlia- ment Commonwealth in England, 670 ff. Compurgation, 331 Condottieri (kon dottya're), 52of. Conscience, emergence of, 43, 53, 161 f. Con'stan tine, 289, 305 f., 308 Constantinople, 3o6f., 312 f., 464, 472 f. Continuity of history, 316 Conventicle Act, 677 Conventicles, 666 Conversion, of the Germans, 357 f.; of the Saxons, 373 f. Co per'ni cus, 652 f.
