058
GERMANY : — SAXONY
SAXONY.
(Frkistaat Saohsen.)
The former Kingdom of Saxony was proclaimed a Republic on November 9, 1918.
The former royal house of Saxony counted amongst the oldest reigning families in Europe. Heinrich of Bilenburg, of the family of Wettin, was Margrave of Meissen 1089-1103 ; he was succeeded by his son, Hemrich (1103-1123), and Konrad the Great (1123-1156), well known in Saxon history. The house subsequently spread into numerous branches, the elder of which, called the Ernestine line, is represented by the former ducal families of Saxe- Altenburg, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, and Saxe-Meiningen, and the grand-ducal family of Saxe- Weiuiar; while the younger, the Albertine line, lived in tlie rulers of the Kingdom of Saxony. In 1806 the Elector Friedrich August III. (1763-1827), on entering the Confederation of the Rhine, took from Napoleon the title of King of Saxony, which was confirmed t>y the Con- gress of Vienna in 1815.
Constitution and Government. — The Constitution of the Republic bears date October 26, 1920. The Diet was elected in November, 1920, and is composed of 27 Majority Socialists, 8 Democrats, 13 Independent Socialists, 20 German National Party, 18 members of the German People's Party, 6 Communists, and 1 Centre.
The Ministry elected on December 11, 1920, is composed as follows : —
Premier. — Herr Johann Wilhelm Buck (Majority Socialist). Born November 12, 1869.
Minister of National Economy. — Herr Schwarz (Majority Socialist).
Minister of the Interior. — Herr Lipinski (Independent Socialist).
Minister of Education. — Herr Fleissner (Independent Socialist).
Minister of Labour. — Herr Jettel (Independent Socialist).
Minister of Finance. — Herr Heldt (Majority Socialist).
Minister of Justice. — Herr Harnisch (Majority Socialist).
Area and Population :—
Area, Eng- lish 8q. Miles
Population.
Population per Sq.
Dec. 1910
Dec. 191 p
Mile 1910
Dresden
Leipzig . . . .
Bautzen.
Chemnitz
Zwickau ,
1,674
1,377
953
800
983
1,350,287
1,234,623
443,549
920,543
857,659
1,326,262
1,223,748
433,011
890,731
796,559
794-6 888-7 454 3 1113-3 810-3
Total .
5,787
4,806,661
4,670,811 807-0
Of the population, according to the census of October 8, 1919, 2,175,078 were males and 2,495,233 females.
The growth of the population is shown in the following table : —
Year Population
Density pel Sq.
Mile
1386
1895 1900
3.182,003 8,787,388. 4,202,216
543 054-6 1726-8
Annual Increase per Cent.
1-41 1-63 B'W
Year Population
linn 1919
4,. ".OS, 601 4,806,661 4,663,298
Density \ Annual per Sq. < Increase "Tile perCent.
779-1 8806 805-2
1-46 1-82
