[- § 23 Chandragomin and his work Sanskrit since the days of the author of the Mahābhāshya to improve upon them in the form as well as the matter of their sutras and vārtikas and ishtis. Chandragomin was a Bauddha, and one of his objects in writing a new grammar must have been to supply, for the benefit of members of his Church, a grammar that would be free from the traditional Brahmanical element. The more orthodox grammarians, however, were not willing to accept his innovations. They accordingly tried to invent new maxims of interpretation, tonding to show, after a very diligent analysis of the works of the three great sages, that such defects as Chandragomin and others tried to find in the Paniniya grammar were in it already implicitly provided for. This procedure was no doubt unhistorical, but so was that of Katyayana or of Patañ- jali. As yet we cannot fix upon any great leading names,¹ but the traditional elaboration of the system of jäpakas and Paribhäshäs must be referred to the time somewhere between 470 (the date of Chandragomin) and 650 (the date of one of the authors of the Kasikā). 35 23. The Kaikka of Jayaditya and Vamza-Itsing, the Chinese pilgrim, speaks of Jayaditya of Kaśmir as the author of a grammatical work called vritti-sätra, which it is usual to identify with the Kašika, a joint work of Jayaditya and Vamana. Itsing tells us that Jayaditya died about A. D. 660; and if the above identification is correct, this gives us the date of the Käsikā, Unless it be those of fer, ara, and far mentioned in the Vakyapaditya, Kayla second, stanza 187. 2 Itsing's account of the ga by suf way not after all refer to the fir. He speaks of a com, on the gr by Pataugali and writes as if 41r completed the gr binalf. Evens, however, we cappet bring thn Kasika any carlier than 650 A.D., seing that on iv. 3. 88 it mentivas the Vikyapilys by naras. Jayaditya then appears to be
