HSOHENDOBF 769 jj * s*t iblished, he was made professor extraordi- ary in Leipsic. The principal result of his first oriental journey, in 1844, was the dis- covery of 43 leaves of a Septuagint manu- ipt of the 4th century, then called Codex 'redericus Augustanus, but subsequently dis- covered to form part of the Codex Sinaiticus. The fragment was published in 1846 in litho- graphed facsimile. The same year also ap- peared the Monumenta Sacra Inedita, contain- ing the manuscripts F a , L, N, W a , Y, and a of e Gospels, and B of the Apocalypse. In 1847 e issued a portion of a manuscript of the old in version of the Gospels, and the Wiener r alirbmlier brought out serially during the fol- owing years his edition of the old Latin Codex bbiensis. In 1849 Tischendorf published a ond edition of his Leipsic Greek Testament 1841, fully revised according to all the ma- ial so far collected, and in 1850 the same text with marginal readings of the textus recep- tus, a correct reprint of the Vatican edition of the Septuagint with marginal readings of the Ephraem and Alexandrine manuscripts, and the New Testament according to the Codex Amiatinus, probably the oldest manuscript of the Latin Vulgate. In 1851 he obtained the prize offered by the society of the Hague for the defence of the Christian religion, with a dissertation entitled De Evangeliorum Apo- cryphorum Origine et Usu, and published his Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha, and a Synopsis Evangelica, a Greek harmony with the prin- cipal readings, and advocating the tripaschal theory. In 1852 he published a Graaco-Latin manuscript of the Pauline epistles of the 6th century; in 1853 the Evangelia Apocrypha; and in 1854 a Novum Testamentum Triglottum, being the Greek text of 1849 revised, a criti- cal edition of the Latin Vulgate, and Luther's German translation substantially after the edi- tion of 1545, but corrected from other editions published in Luther's lifetime. The prolego- mena and various addenda accompanying this work render it one of Tischendorf's most val- lable publications. In his Anecdota Sacra et ~rofana (1855) he gives an account of the lanner in which he secured the numerous mscripts, describing also their general char- ter. The larger part of the manuscripts rhich he obtained were deposited in the li- rary of the university of Leipsic, while others were sold to the British museum and the Bod- leian library. In 1855 he began a new^ collec- tion of Monumenta Sacra Inedita, in nine vol- umes, of which he completed seven, and a sev- enth and larger critical edition of his Greek Testament of 1849 (2 vols., 1859). In 1856 le added to his Septuagint of 1850 the Codex 'Jhisianus version of the book of Daniel. In L859 he was made ordinary professor of the- logy and Biblical palaeography, which chair ras founded expressly for him. His third ori- ital journey, made in this year, resulted in le discovery at the convent of St. Catharine, ' ir Mt. Sinai, of the famous Codex Sinaiticus. .(See MANUSCRIPT.) He gave the first account of it in his Notitiw Codicis Sinaitici (1860), and a more popular one in a pamphlet entitled Die Sinaibilel, ihre EntdecJcung, Herausgabe und Erwerbung (1871). The Sinaitic manuscript was printed in facsimile type (4 vols. fol., St. Petersburg, 1862). Tischendorf received from the Russian government 100 copies, with per- mission to sell them at about $200 each. In 1863 was published an abridged edition of it, containing only the New Testament, Barna- bas, and a portion of the Shepherd of Hennas, and giving the manuscript line for line, but in ordinary type. Tischendorf prepared in 1864 another edition of his Synopsis Evangelica, in which he adopted a large number of readings from the Codex Sinaiticus. His Novum Testa-^ mentum Greece ex Sinaitico Codice (1865) pre- sented also the variations of the textus recep- tus and Vatican manuscript, and has a more elaborate introduction than the edition of 1863, for which however it does not form a complete substitute as a manual for critical purposes. In the same year appeared his Wann wurden unsere Evangelien verfasst? which met with an enormous sale, though in many respects sharply criticised by eminent Biblical paleeog- raphers. In 1866 Tischendorf published Apo- calypses Apocrypha, and added to a new edi- tion of the treatise on the date of the Gospels a severe criticism of the arguments which had been brought out against his theories ; and in this form the pamphlet was rapidly translated into nearly all modern languages. In Appen- dix Codicum celeberrimorum, Sinaitici, Vati- cani, Alexandrini (1867), giving fragments of the Codex Sinaiticus found in the binding of some manuscripts, and an edition of the Alex- andrine epistles of Clement of Rome, he ex- pressed his opinion that one of the scribes of the Sinaitic manuscript wrote also the New Testament of the Vatican manuscript. The Notum Testamentum Vaticanum, a corrected edition of the one by Cardinal Mai, published by Tischendorf about the same time, was two years later supplemented by him with an Ap- pendix Novi Testamenti Vaticani, which fur- nished also the Vatican text of the Apocalypse and corrected the errors of the main edition. His subsequent publications are all signed Constantin von Tischendorf, instead of Con- stantin Tischendorf, Alexander II. having con- ferred upon him the rank of a hereditary noble. With the assistance of B. Harris Cow- per, he published in 1869, as the thousandth volume of the Tauchnitz collection of Brit- ish authors, the authorized English version of the New Testament, with readings from the Sinaitic, Vatican, and Alexandrine manu- scripts. In 1870 he brought out a corrected edition of the Novum Testamentum Grace ex Sinaitico Codice of 1865, and published a pamphlet, entitled Responsa ad Calumnias Romanas, in defence of his Novum Testamen- tum Vaticanum. The next year appeared a third edition of the Synopsis Emngelica, in
