when they attempted to assassinate the king. Charles II. granted augmentations to a great number of those who remained faithful to his cause during the interregnum; amongst others, a royal crown to the Earl of Macclesfield, and lions of England to Sir Robert Holmes, Robinson of Crauford, Moore lord mayor of London, and Lane of Staffordshire, To Penderell and Careless (or, as the king afterwards called him, Carlos), who saved his life at Boscobel, he granted nearly similar arms: that of the former being Arg.; on a mount vert, an oak tree ppr.; over all a fess sa., charged with three royal crowns of the third: and that of the latter being Or, and the fess gu., the other charges remaining the same.
To the paternal arms of Sir Cloudesley Shovel were added, as augmentations of honour, two crescents and a fleur-de-lys, for victories gained over the Turks and French. The Duke of Wellington was permitted to charge on a shield of pretence, the Union Jack, in commemoration of his distinguished services to the nation.
To Sir Humphry Davy, the inventor of the safety-lamp, were granted as augmentations, a flame jppr., encompassed by a chain sa., issuant from a civic wreath or; with the motto, Igne constricto, vita secura.
An augmentation of honour is not restricted solely to the shield of him who acquired it, but is transmitted with the hereditary arms to his descendants.
Abatements.
In modern heraldry, Abatements—with the exception of the bâton, or mark of illegitimacy—have fallen entirely into disuse. There were formerly no
