BAR1YAN. 182 BAEKISLAND. Stowo, in tho dioc. of Lincoln, of the val. of 147, in tin; patron, of the trustees of Oakham and Uppingbam schools. The church is dedicated to St. Martin. BARIVAN. See CALOER, Edinburgh. BARJARG, a vil. in the par. of Keir, in tho co. of Dumfries, Scotland, 6 miles from Minnyhive. r.AUKI'.Y, a par. in the eastern div. of the hund. of Goscoto, in the co. of Leicester, 5 miles to the N.E. of Leicester, its post town. It is watered by a branch of tho river Soar, and contains tho chplrics. of Barkby- Thorpo and North Thurmaston, and the limit, of Ham- bleton. The stocking manufacture is carried on in the village. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Peter- borough, of the val. of 250, in tho patron, of W. A. Pochin, Esq. Tho church is dedicated to St. Mary. There are charitable endowments amounting to 35 a year. Barkby Hall is the seat of the Pochins. BARKBY THORPE, a chplry. in the par. of Barkby, and hund. of Goscoto, in the co. of Iieicester, 4 miles to the .N.E. of Leicester. l: A K K KM I AM, a vil. in tho hund. of Kingsbridge, in the co. of Wilts, 2 miles from Wootton Bassctt. BARKESTONE, a par. in the hund. of Framland, in the co. of Leicester, 10 miles to the N. of Melton V bray, its post town. It lies on the confines of Notting- hamshire, at the northern end of the Vale of Belvoir. The Grantham and Nottingham canal passes near the village. Tho living is a vie.* in tho dioc. of Peter- borough, of tho val. of 114, in tho patron, of the Duke of Rutl nul. Tho church is dedicated to SS. Peter and Paul. There is a free school for 32 children of both sexes, with an endowment of 25 per annum. There are several other charities. BARKHAM, a par. in the hund. of Charlton, in the co. of Berks, 3 miles to tho 8.W. of Wokingham, its post town. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Oxford, of tho val. of 350, lato in the patron, of C. L. Gower, Esq. Tho church is dedicated to St. James. The prin- cipal residence is Barkham House, tho seat of the Clives. BARKHAM, a vil. in the hund. of South Molten, in the co. of Devon, not far from South Molton. BARKHARTH, a vil. in the ward of Allerdale-below- Derwent, in the co. of Cumberland, 6 miles from Keswick. BARKING, a par. and market town in tho hund. of Becontree, in tho co. of Essex, 7 miles to the E. of London. It is a station on the London, Tilbury, and Southcnd railway. It is situated on the river Roding, a little above its junction with the Thames, and includes the wards of Chadwell, Great Ilford, and Ripple. Tho origin and signification of the name Barking arc doubtful. The town is of considerable antiquity, and grew into importance with on abbey founded there near tho close of the 7th century, on the dissolution of which the pros- perity of the place began to decline. Barking abbey was one of the most ancient and most wealthy in England. The date of its foundation is A.D. 677 ; its founder was 8t. Erkenwold, Bishop of London, and his sister Ethelburga was its first abbess. It was established for nuns of the Benedictine order, and dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Tho appointment of tho abbess was in the hands of the king for several centuries, and after- wards the nuns had the privilege of electing her. She was one of four abbesses who were baronesses in virtue of their office, and many noble and oven royal ladies held tho government of the abbey. f the earliest abbesses received canonisation. From tho year 870, when the Danes burnt the town, destroyed tho abbey, and massacred or dispersed the nuns, tho house lay in ruins for neat' v ; until it was rebuilt wi;h many others by King Edgar. William ; ror is > have resided here for A time before tho Tow
- >n was completed. At the Dissolution the r< -.
Of the extensive buildings ted with it little now remains except a gat. consisting of a square t..wer with a pointed arch. In the I. , h:i] 1 of tin HIv Rood. '"'1 is nn er M< . , in tho in extensive tract of ground in tho porah, lying below high-water level of the Thames, and dyke. It has been so protected from a and tho keeping up of the dyke was tho < abbess; a duty discharged at an immense reason of tho frequent inundations. In 1707 a flood occurred, breaking down the dyke, and 1,000 acres of valuable land. The embankment restored and strengthened at a cost of 40 Captain Perry, and the caro of it is now cnti commissioners. Part of tho parish of l!:u!,::._ eluded within the ancient Uoinault Forest ; stood the ancient oak (12 yards in girth, and an area 300 feet in circuit) beneath whirh Foirlop Fair. This fair, which was held on the lit day in July, owed its origin to one Day, a Wi blockmaker. Tho oak was destroyed by a gule in and the last fair was held on the spot in 1853. The of the church of St. Pancras, Middlesex, was part of tho venerable Fairlop Oak. The occupations of the inhabitants of the town ar market-gardening, and the carrying of coals an up tho Boding, which is navigable to Ilford. a market-house and townhall, built of timb reign of Queen Elizabeth. The living is the dioc. of London, of the val. of 767, in the of the Warden and Fellows of All Souls' College, Tho church is dedicated to St. Margaret. some building, in tho perpendicular style, several Norman pillars, four monumental brasses, ana a beautiful stained window in the chancel ; this win- dow is new, having been added on occasion of a restoration of the church. There are chapels ing to the Independents, "Vcsloyans, and P Brethren. The Friends have a burial-ground and a meeting-house, only used on occasions of ments. A free school was found* 1 in iiin James Campbell, and endowed by him with a charge of 20. There are National and inHmt some almshouses, a hospital for aged men at Ilford, an endowment by John Fowke, for the 01 i boys of the parish at Christ's Hospital. charitable endowments amount altogether annum At Uphall form, near the tow an ancient camp, of a square form, probably of origin. It extends over nearly 50 acres. A mile south-cast is Eastbury House, a fine specin Elizabethan stylo. Tho market, now discont . held on Saturday. A fair is held on the BARKING, a par. in tho hund. Claydon, in the co. of Suffolk, 1 milo to th Needham-Markct, its post town. It is TWI 11, and contains the chplry. of Neodnija- Market, and the hmlt. of Darmsdcn. The li ' root.* in the dioc. of Norwich, val. with ih.it 1.1 I den, 840, in tho gift of the Earl of Ashb church is dedicated to St. Mary. There is also trict church at Needham-Markct, the living of is a pcrpet. cur., in the gift of tho rector. was established here in 1650, by Francis which has now a revenue from cm: parish has tho benefit of several oth< quests, amounting (with tin 1 M-hool'i to i'132 per llAUKINi; SHU-:. :i ch].lry. in the par. of lll'ciid. luiii'l. nt I'" ' 'Hitii , iii tho co. of Essex, in th' V. .if Romford. The living is a )>erpot. the dioc. of London, vol. 1 50, in tho patron, of the of lit; l: AKKI'M.AND, a chplry. and tn.-hp. in tho . , and wap. of Morley. in tin CO. of York, !> miles to the S.V. of Halifax, it The inhabitant- an ch woollen and worsted manufacture. Tho li
- ." in tho dioc. of Ripon, vol. lo. in
patron, of ; A free sell' "! was f^undrd indn wed in 1657, by Sarah (Jledhill, the : i is now i' :!'.'. I othiT ' ' land Il.ill, ii"W a house, is a Druidical circle call. .1 V..!f .i" . 1KB.
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