JOLIET. 274 JOLLY BALANCE. exploration was coiitimied in the following May. Seven men in two birch-bark canoes ascended the l'"o. River, crossed the portage to the Wisconsin, and sailing down, that stream, on June 17th entered the Mississippi, which they descended as far as the Arkansas River. Satislicd that the Mississippi emptied into the Gulf of ile.xico, and not into the Pacilic Ocean, they returned to Quebec by way of the Illinois River and Lake ^Michigan. Joliet's canoe had been overset in the La Chine rapids, and all his maps and papers lost, but from memory he drew a map of the discoveries he had made, of which a facsimile is given in Winsor's arrntivc and Crilical Uislori/, iv. 208, 210. He was presented with the island of Anticosti, and built a fort there. In 1()!1.3 he was appointed royal hydrographer. and in ll)!>7 was granted the seigniory of Jolict, soutli of Quebec, which is still in the possession of his descendants. Consult: Shea, Discovery and Ex- ploration of the Mississippi Valley (New York, 18.52) ; Parkman. La Salle, or the Discovery of the Great West (Boston, 1879), for a considera- tion of the disputed honor of the first discovery of the Mississippi ; Winsor, Cartier to Fronlcnao (Boston, 1894). JOLIETTE, zhA-lyet'. The capital of .Joliette County. t>uebcc. on L'Assomption River, 42 miles northeast of ilontreal (Map: Quebec, C 4). A railway of 12 miles connects it with the Saint Lawrence, and it is on the Canadian Pacific Rail- way. It has a grist and saw mills, a large foun- dry, tannery, hospital, a college and mechanics' institute. It has a weekly market, and an ex- tensive trade in agricultural products and in . timber, and has quarries of limestone. Popula- tion, in 1891, 3372; in 1901, 4220. JOLIN, yo-len'. Jou.N IvKiSTOFrER (181S- 84). A Swedish dramatist, whose place of birth is unknown. From 1845 to 18G8 he was an actor in the Stockholm Theatre, and during the latter part of this time was reader and director of the dramatic school. He adapted and trans- lated a number of plays, besides writing several himself, such as the dramas Master Smith (1847), Barnkusharnen (1849), and Mjolnar- froken (1865), and the comedies En man af rerld och en man af verde (1840), Min hustru vil ha rolipt (1868), and Smalands-Petter (1883), noted for their wit, vivacity, and clever stagecraft. He was also the author of some novels and sketches, and a prize poem (1845), His complete works were published in two series, the first in 1872-81, and the second from 1882. JOLLIVET, zhft'le'vi', Pierre Jules (1803- 71). A French historical painter. He was born in Paris, .Tune 27. 1803, and was a pupil of Gros and Dejuine. After spending some time in Madrid, he returned to Paris, and in 1831 ex- hibited genre pictures relating to Spanish history. In 1835 he gained the medal of the first class. His principal works are: "Louis VIII. Taking the Oriflamme at Saint-Denis:" "Lara," in the Lux- embourg: '"Massacre of the Innocents," in the Museum of Rouen ; "The Installation of the ilag- istrates in 1849." Among other paintings are "Art in the Time of Pericles," "The .Jewels of Cornelia." He died in Paris, September 17, 1871. JOLLY, yolle, Fbiedbich (1844-1904). A German physician, born at Heidelberg, son of Philipp von Jolly (q.v.). He studied at Mu- nich and Giittingen. In 1871 he became pri- vat-doccnt at Wiirzburg, and in 1873 he went to Strassburg to accept a position as professor of psychiatry and director of the psychiatrical clinic, and remained there until the fall of 1890, when he accepted a similar position at the University of Berlin. Among his publications are: liericht iiber die Irrenableilung des Juliiis- spitals (1873); Untersuchiinr/en iiber den eld;- trisehcn Leitungsicidcrstotid dcs menschliehcii Kiirpcrs (1884); and Ueber Irrtum und Irrsinn (1893). For several years after 1890 he was editor of the Arehiv fiit I'sychiatrie und Nerven- knnihlicitcn. JOLLY, JiTJUS (1849—). A German philolo- gist and Sanskrit scholar, born at Heidelberg, and educated at Jlunich, Berlin, and Leipzig. In 1872 he became doeent, and, five years later, professor of Sanskrit and comparative philology, in the University of Wiirzburg. He trae!od two years (1882-83) in India. The most important of his works are: Ein Kapitel rcrgleichender Syn- tax (1872); Geschich'te des Infinitivs im Indo- germanischen (1873); The Institutes of VisJmu (1880; vol. vii. of Sacred Hooks of the East); Tagare La.o Lectures (1885) : Minor Law Hooks ( 1889; vol. xxxiii. of Sacred Books of the East) ; Jtrcht und Sitte (189G); Indische Medizin (1901). JOLLY, Phiupp vox (1809-84). A German pliysicist. He was born at Mannheim, and studied at the universities of Heidelberg, Vienna, and Berlin. He became connected with the University of Heidelberg in 1834, as privat- doecnt, and in 1839 was appointed professor, serving until 1854, when he was called to the University of Munich. He was the inventor of many pieces of useful physical ajjparatus, which, originally designed for his researches, soon found a more general application. Among these are the air thermometer, the Jolly or spring balance for specific-gravity determinations, the copper eudiometer, and the mercury air-pump. He also sttidied various osmotic phenomena, the expansion of gases, and the mass and density of the earth. He was the author of: Anleitung zur Differential- und Integralrechnung (1846): Die Principien der ^techanik (1852) : and Die Physik der Molckularkrijfic (1857). A biography by Biibm was published at Munich in 1886. JOLLY BALANCE. A piece of physical ap- paratus used in determining the specific gravity of small objects, especially minerals. It con- sists of a vertical standard from the Upper end of which is suspended a spiral spring of fine wire. To the lower end of this spring are at- tached small pans, in each of which consecu- tively is placed the object whose specific gravity is to be determined. A scale — usually a mirror on which equal divisions are etched — is placed be- hind the spring, an<l the position of some fixed point, .such as a bead, is noted on the scale. The object is then placed in the upper pan. and the spring being extended, the fixed point will be opposite some lower division on the scale. The amount that the spring is extended is noted, and after removing the object weights enough to pro- duce an equal extension are ])ut in its place. The object is then placed in the lower pan, which is immersed in a vessel of water, and as the buoy- ant effort of the latter acts on the object the amount the spring is extended is diminished and
