validity of his captures. At the close of the war he went to Paris as American agent for prize money, and later visited Denmark on a claims mission. In 1788 he entered the Russian service with the rank of rear-admiral, and rendered valuable aid to the Russians in their war with the Turks, but on account of the jealousies and intrigues of the Russian officers he resigned. In 1792 he was appointed United States consul at Algiers, but died before his commission arrived. His death occurred in Paris, July 18, 1792. The charge that he died from neglect is not substantiated by the facts, for he was attended by the Queen's physician, was cheered by the presence of friends, and was honored with a public funeral by the National Assembly.
Several biographies of Jones have been published, the latest and best being that of Buell (2 vols., New York, 1900). Consult also Laughton, Studies in Naval History (1887).
JONES, John Percival (1830—). An Ameri- can legislator and politician, born in Hereford- shire, England, on the Welsh border. He was brought to the United States in 1831 by his parents, who settled in northern Ohio, and there, in the public schools of Cleveland, he received his education. Shortly after the discovery of gold in California he crossed the plains to the Pacific Coast, where he became successful as a mine owner and operator. From 1863 to 1867 he was a member of the California State Senate, re- moving in the latter year to Nevada, where he became superintendent and part owner of the famous 'Crown Point' silver-mine, the subsequent development of which brought him a large for- tune. He became interested in Republican poli- tics in the State, obtained great influence with the miners, and in 1873 was elected by the Nevada Legislature to succeed James Nye in the United States Senate. To this office he was reelected as a Republican in 1879, 1885, and 1891, and as a 'Silverite' in 1897. In the Senate he was long a member of the Committee on Post-Roads, where he was an indefatigable worker in behalf of the extension of the system in the Pacific States, and of the Committee on Mines and Mining, to which his practical knowledge proved of the greatest value. His identification with the silver movement dates from August, 1875, when he became chairman of the monetary commission provided for by joint resolution of Congress to examine and report upon the ques- tion of bimetallism. After that date he stood consistently as one of the foremost champions of bimetallism in the country, favored the free coinage of silver without regard to the rest of the world, and on that issue left the Republican Party and supported Bryan in 1896. During the campaign of 1900 he returned to the Repub- lican Party, though without giving up his free- silver theories.
JONES, John Winter (1805-81). An English librarian, born, of Welsh descent, in Lambeth, London. After education at Saint Paul's School, he studied law, but had to abandon the profes- sion owing to an illness which generated vocal weakness. When eighteen years old he had pub- lished a translation of the polyglot quotations in Blackstone's Commentaries, and he now devoted himself to the acquisition of foreign languages and the study of literature. In 1835 he became connected with the civil service, and as secretary
to the charity commissioners, during two years traveled over the greater part of England. In 1837 the commissioners recommended him as an assistant in the British Museum Library, with which institution he was thenceforth identified. He was associated with Panizzi and Richard Garnett in the remodeling of that great institu- tion, and the catalogues commenced in 1839, for which he, with others, framed scientific rules, and of which he was the general reviser, is a, monument to his indefatigable industry, erudi- tion, and judgment. On Panizzi's strong recom- mendation, when the latter resigned in 1866, Jones was appointed principal librarian. Nu- merous interesting catalogues and other works were published under his direction; he trans- lated and edited several valuable works of early travels, notably Divers Voyages Touching the Discovery of America, issued by the Hakluyt Society (1850); and was a prolific contributor to the New Biographical Dictionary of the So- ciety for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Failing health occasioned his retirement in 1878.
JONES, Owen (1809-74). An English archi- tect and designer, born in London, and the son of Owen Jones, the Welsh antiquary. He was a pupil of the architect Vulliamy, and of the Royal Academy. He traveled in the East and Europe, and in 1834 went to Granada. which he revisited in 1837 for material for his Plans. Ele- vations, Sections, and Details of the Alhambra (1842-45. with 101 plates in color). He was superintendent of works at the exhibition of 1851, and a year later had charge of the decora- tions of the Egyptian, Greek, Roman, and Alham- bra Courts, at the Crystal Palace, Sydenham. The casts decorating the palace were also col lected by him and Sir Digby Wyatt. As an architect he built Saint James Hall, London. He was particularly successful with interior decoration, in which he was influenced by his love of Arabic ornamentation and color. He was vice-president of the Royal Institute of British Architects, and was the winner of various medals for designs. His works include: Designs for Mosaic Tessellated Pavements (1842); The Illu- minated Books of the Middle Ages (1844, with Humphreys); The Polychromatic Ornament of Italy (1846); An Attempt to Define the Prin- ciples Which Should Regulate the Employment of Color in the Decorative Arts (1852); The Gram- mar of Ornament (1856, 100 plates), his chief work: One Thousand and One Initial Letters (1864); Seven Hundred and Two Monograms (1864); and Examples of Chinese Ornament (1867).
JONES, Samuel (1734-1819). An American jurist. He studied law with William Smith, the New York historian; was a Tory throughout the Revolution, but not an active one; and became a leader of the Federalist Party and a member of the State Convention of 1788 which adopted the Constitution. He became recorder of the city of New York in 1789, and in the same year revised the State statutes with Richard Varick. In 1796 he was made State comptroller, the functions of which office he had legally prescribed at the request of John Jay. He was a brilliant jurist, published the revised laws of the State (1789), and wrote many papers for the New York Historical Society.
