KUNTH. 630 KUPETZKY. KTTNTH, kount, ICarl Sigismund (1788- 1850). A German botanist, born in Leipzig. In ISUli he entered upon a euuiniereial career in Ber- lin, but through the help of Ale.ander vun Hum- boldt he was enabled to follow the study of botany; and in 1813 he went to Paris to chissify and de!--eribe the plant-s collected in America by Humboldt and Bonpland. His Synopsis of tliis lierliarium appeared in 1822. He returned to Berlin in 181t) after visits to England and Switz- erland, was made professor of botany in the Uni- versity of Berlin and vice-president of the Botani- cal Garden, and became a member of the Berlin Academy of Sciences in 1829. His works include: Flora Ilcrolinensis (1813) ; Xova Ociicrn ct tSpc- cics Planiarum, descriptive of the results of Humboldt's journeys (1815-25): Lcs mimosi'cs ct autres planlcs Icyiimiitciiscs da nmii'cdu con- tinent (1819) ; Les i/ ni in inccs de VAincriijiic dii Stul (1825-33) : Handhuvh der liotunik (1831) ; Lehrhuch der Botanik (1847); and a work on monocotyledons entitled Enumeratio Phinturum Omnium liucusque Vognitarum. secundum Fa- miUas af unties Disposita (1833-50). KUNTZE, kuan'tse, Edward J. (1820-70). A German-American sculptor, born in Pomerania. He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Stockholm, Sweden, and afterwards lived for several years in England. About 1844 he went to the United States, and in 1809 was elected an associate of the National xVcademy. His works include statuettes of Lincoln, Sliakcspeare, and Goethe, a statue of "Psyche," a bust of "Jlirth," many medallion portraits, and "Merlin and Vivian," a bas-relief. He was also an etcher and author. KTJNTZE, Johannes Emil (1824-94). A German jurist, born at Grimnia. He studied law at the University of Leipzig. In 18G9 he was ap- pointed professor there. His most important publications are: Die Obligation mid Singu- larsucccssion- des romischcn iind heutigen Reclits (185G); Der Wendcjiunkt der Rechtsieissen- schaft (1856) ; Das Jtis Respondendi in unsercr Zeit (1858); Deutsehes Weeliselrecht (1862); Prolegomena zur Ocschiehte Roms (1882): Die deutsrhen Stiidtcgriindungen (1891): Zur Ge- schichte des romischen Pfandrechts (1893) ; and Der flervus Fractuarius des romischen Rechts (1889). KTJNZ, koonz, George Frederick (185G— ). An American mineralogist and gem expert, born in New York City. He became gem e.xpert for TifTany & Co., the jewelers, of New York, in 1883 was appointed a special agent of the United States Geological Sur'ey, in charge of precious stones, and in 1889 was in charge of the minera- logieal exhibit of the United States at the Paris Exhibition of that year. In 1892 he was hon- orary special agent to the South African Exposi- tion at Kinibericy, in 1893 was honorary special agent for mines and mining at the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, and in 1900 wa.s honorary special agent to the commissioner-gen- eral of the United States at the Paris Exposition. He was elected vice-president of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, was appointed an offieier de I'Acad^mie by the French Government in 1889, and, in addition to numerous articles on folklore, meteorites, minerals, and gems, pub- lished The Gems and Precious Stones of North America (1890). KUN'ZE, JoiiANN Christopher (1744-1807). An American Lutheran educator. He was born at Artern. Sa.xony, was educated for the Church at Leijjzig, and in 1770 he went to Philadelpliia as associate pastor. He succeeded Dr. Mulilen- berg, wliose daughter he married, in the rec- torate in 1779; and in 1780 was appointed pro- fessor of Oriental languages in the University of Pennsylvania. From 1784 to 1787, and from 1790 to 1797, he held a like chair in Columbia, having removed to a New York charge in 1784. Kunze as an e.xeellent Hebraist and a skilled mathematician; an advocate of English edica- tion for German children; and publisher of the first Lutheran Ui/inn and Prayer Book in Eng- lish (1795). He also wrote on the history of the Lutheran Church. KUNZEN, kwin'tsen, Fkiedrich Ludwig Ae- jULiu.s ( 17IJ1-1817) . A German-Danish nuisician, born at Liibeck. He was a pupil of his father, Adolph Karl Kunzeu (1720-81), an organ and harpsichord pla3'er, and then studied in Germany. Afterwards he taught music at Copenhagen, and produced his opera Ohcron there, in 1779, with much success. Still later, he was made Court chapelmaster at Copenhagen (1795). In 1791 he founded the Musikalischcs Wochenhlalt, with Iteiehardt, in Berlin, and the following year the Uusikalische Monatsschrift, in the same city. Besides several operas, the best of which was Das Fest der Winzer, oder Die Wcinlese (1795), he composed overtures, songs, and instrumental music. KUOPIO, kUiJ-inj'io. A government in the eastern part of Finland, Bussia. Area, about 10,250 square miles, of which over 16 per cent, is lakes. The northern part is covered with dense pine forests, and the soil is mostly imfitted for agi'iculture. The climate is extremely se- vere, the average annual tenqiorature being about 36°. Agriculture is in a primitive state, but dairying is carried on extensively. The exploita- tion of the forests is also an important industry, and considerable quantities of iron are mined. Population, in 1897, 311,539. Capital, Kuopio. KUOPIO. The capital of the government of the same name, in Finland, Russia, situated on the western shore of Kalla Lake, 225 miles north- west of Saint Petersburg (Map: Russia, C 2). It is regularly built, and has a fine park and a lyceum. " KUPETZKY, knn-pets'ke, Johann (1667- 1740). An eminent Austrian portrait painter, born at Bosing, near Pressburg. The son of a weaver, he ran away from home at the age of fif- teen, and found refuge at a nobleman's castle. A Swiss painter named Klaus, who was then em- j.'loyed there, discovered his talent, and kept him for three years imder his tuition in Vienna. Kiipetzky then went to Venice, and thence begged his way to Rome, where he found a patron in Prince Alexander Sobieski. After a sojourn of twenty-two years in Italy, he settled in Vi- enna at the invitation of Prince Adam Liech- tenstein, became Court painter to .Joseph I., and was in high favor with Charles VI. and Prince Eugene of Savoy. In 1710 Peter the Great, then at Karlsbad, summoned him to paint his portrait (Brunswick Museum), but could not induce him to nrcept an appointment as Court painter at Saint Petersburg. As a member of the Bohemian Brotherhood, Kupetzky got into conflict with the
